現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過(guò)去完成時(shí).ppt

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現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),ThePresentPerfectTense,主語(yǔ)+have/has+done,Shehasfinishedherhomework.Shehasnotfinishedherhomework.Hasshefinishedherhomework?Whathasshedone?,肯定句,否定句,一般疑問(wèn)句,特殊疑問(wèn)句,主語(yǔ)+have/has+not+done,Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+done?,特殊疑問(wèn)詞+have/has+主語(yǔ)+done?,動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的變化規(guī)則,1.規(guī)則變化(1)一般情況下，動(dòng)詞詞尾加-ed。如：worked,played,wanted,acted,(2)以不發(fā)音的-e結(jié)尾動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞詞尾加–d。如：lived,moved,decided,hoped,judged,raised,(3)以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,把-y變?yōu)?i再加-ed。如：studied,tried,copied,cried,carried,(4)重讀閉音節(jié)動(dòng)詞，雙寫詞尾輔音字母，再加–ed。如：stopped,begged,dragged,dropped,planned,2.不規(guī)則變化原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞,becomebeginbreakbringbuybuildcatchcomegoget…,becamebeganbrokebroughtboughtbuiltcaughtcamewentgot,becomebegunbrokenbroughtboughtbuiltcaughtcomegonegot,gotten,3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以與already,ever,recently,never,yet,foralongtime,lately,just,since＋過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)/一般過(guò)去時(shí),in/duringthepast/lastfewyears等狀語(yǔ)連用。,1.Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.2.Hehasn’tcleanedtheroomyet.3.ShehaslivedinChinasince2008.4.WehavelearnedEnglishformorethan3years.5.Theyhaven’tseeneachotherforalongtime.6.Inthelast10years,thepriceofhousehasincreased.,TranslateandSummarize,1.概念:①表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。②表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開始并一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。2.構(gòu)成:助動(dòng)詞have/has＋動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.HehaslivedinChinasince2008.,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),sb+have/has+延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+for+一段時(shí)間IhavelearnedEnglishformorethan3years.Hehashadthebikefor2years.sb+have/has+done+since+過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)/一般過(guò)去時(shí)MrGreenhaslivedinChinasince2008/sincehegotmarried.銜接教材149頁(yè)練習(xí)用for或since填空。,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的特殊提示詞,in/duringthelast/pastfewyears在過(guò)去幾年Inthepast10years,thepriceofhousehasincreasedalot.sofar迄今為止，到目前為止Sofar,Ihaveread10Englishnovels.,1.我已經(jīng)完成我的家庭作業(yè)了。Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.2.他曾經(jīng)去過(guò)北京嗎？HasheeverbeentoBeijing?3.他從未去過(guò)北京。HehasneverbeentoBeijing.4.我剛完成我的家庭作業(yè)。Ihavejustfinishedmyhomework.,,,,,4.havebeento，havegoneto的用法區(qū)別：havebeento表示“曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地”，現(xiàn)在已不在該地。havegoneto則表示“已經(jīng)去某地了”，說(shuō)話時(shí)不在說(shuō)話地點(diǎn)，或在去某地的途中，或已到了某地，總之現(xiàn)在還未回來(lái)。HehasbeentoShanghai.他去過(guò)上海。(他已不在上海了。)HehasgonetoShanghai.他到上海去了。(他可能在去上海的路上，或已到上海，現(xiàn)在不在這里。),銜接教材143頁(yè)練習(xí)用havebeento和havegoneto填空。,6.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別：Ihaveseenthefilm.我看過(guò)這部電影。(我了解這部電影的內(nèi)容。)Isawthefilmlastweek.我上星期看了這部電影。(只說(shuō)明看了這部電影，不涉及現(xiàn)在的情況。)Hehaslivedheresince1998.1998年以來(lái)他一直住在這里。(他現(xiàn)在還住在這里。)Helivedherein1998.1998年他住在這里。(不涉及現(xiàn)在他是否還住在這里。),1.I____________(finish)cleaningmybedroom.Itscleannow.2.—Hello!CanIspeaktoMr.White?—Sorry,heisnthererightnow.He________(go)toLondon.3.Mybrotherleftschoolin2005,andsincethenhe_________(live)inBeijing.4.—Whereareyougoingforyourholiday?—Well,we_______________(decide)yet.5.Joe，myclosefriend，movedtoBeijingyearsago，andI____________(notsee)himsincethen.,Practice,havefinished,hasgone,haslived,haven’tdecided,haven’tseen,6.Thegovernment____________(take)actiontopreventairpollutionalready.7.—TheSummerPalaceiswonderful.Haveyouevervisitedanyotherinterestingplaces?—Yes.Also,we___________(be)totheGreatWall.8.—Howlonghaveyou______(had,bought)themotorbike?—Forabouttwoweeks.9.Mom,I_____________(finish)myhomework.CanIwatchTVnow?,hastaken,had,havebeen,havefinished,Homework,1.我曾經(jīng)去過(guò)成都。IhavebeentoChengdu.2.他已經(jīng)讀了10本英文書。Hehasalreadyread10Englishbooks.3.她還沒完成她的作業(yè)。Shehasn’tfinishedherhomeworkyet.4.我們學(xué)英語(yǔ)超過(guò)三年了。WehavelearnedEnglishformorethan3years.5.自從他來(lái)到中國(guó)，他已經(jīng)游覽了許多中國(guó)的城市。SincehecametoChina,hehasvisitedmanyChinesecities.,過(guò)去完成時(shí)ThePastPerfectTense,1.BeforeIwenttobed,Ihadfinishedmyhomework.2.AfterIhadfinishedmyhomework,Iwenttobed.3.IrealizedthatIhadleftmykeyinmyoffice.4.WhenIgottothebusstop,thebushadleft.5.WhenIgottothecinema,thefilmhadbeenonfor10minutes.,Translateandsummarize,過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動(dòng)作。它表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間是“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，由“助動(dòng)詞had＋過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間可用by,before等構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)，也可用when,before,bythetime等引導(dǎo)的從句或者通過(guò)上下文表示。IhadfinishedmyhomeworkbeforeIwenttobed.我在睡覺前完成了我的家庭作業(yè)。BythetimeIgottothebusstop,thebushadleft.當(dāng)我到達(dá)公交站臺(tái)時(shí)，公交車已經(jīng)離開了。,過(guò)去完成時(shí),1.by+過(guò)去時(shí)間“到……時(shí)為止”Byyesterday,theyhadn’tfinishedthework.2.bytheendof+過(guò)去時(shí)間“在…結(jié)束/末之前”Bytheendoflastmonth,wehadlearnedover2thousandwords.3.bythetime+一般過(guò)去時(shí)“到…時(shí)”=whenBythetimeIgottothecinema,thefilmhadbeenonfor10minutes.,過(guò)去完成時(shí)的特殊提示詞,過(guò)去完成時(shí)與when,before,after等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句連用，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后時(shí)間。Whenshegothome,hersonhadslept.Beforehearrivedhere,thefilmhadalreadystarted.AfterIhadfinishedmyhomework,Iwenttobed.,過(guò)去完成時(shí)常用于賓語(yǔ)從句中Hesaidthathehadfinishedhiswork.IrealizedthatIhadleftmykeyintheoffice.體現(xiàn)在上下文中Ididn’tgotothemoviebecauseIhadseenittwice.ImetTominthestreetyesterday.Wehadn’tseeneachotherfortwoyears.,Practice,1.IwenttoTom’shousebuthe(go)out.2.WhenI(arrive)atthestation,Jim(wait)forhalfanhour.3.Afterhe(finish)hiswork,hewenthome.4.Theboyranawayafterhe(break)thewindow.5.Bythetimeshearrivedhome,hertwochildren(sleep).,,hadgone,arrived,hadwaited,hadfinished,hadbroken,hadslept,1.Thefilmhasbeenonfor10minuteswhenIgottothecinema.2.Bytheendoflastyear,theyproduced500,000cars.3.Hehadfoundthathehadleftthekeyintheoffice.,,had,Correction,∧,had,,Homework,1.ReviewthePastPerfectTense.2.Reviewthewordslearntinjuniorhighschool.,