中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) H開頭詞匯講義.doc

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中考一輪復(fù)習(xí) H 開頭詞匯（講義） ??以字母 H 開頭的單詞 habit /hb?t/ n. 習(xí)性；習(xí)慣 develop / form the habit of doing sth. be in / fall into / get into the habit of doing sth. He is not in the habit of drinking a lot. I’ve got into the habit of turning on the TV as soon as I get home. hair /hε?/ n. 頭發(fā) hair band 發(fā)帶 hair clip 發(fā)卡 haircut /hε?k?t/ n. 理發(fā)；發(fā)型 That’s a nice haircut. You should have a haircut. half /hɑ:f/ adj. 一半的；不完全的；半途的 n. (pl. halves) 一半；半個(gè) I divided the apples into halves. 我把蘋果分成兩瓣。 half past one, half past two 一點(diǎn)半、兩點(diǎn)半…… one and a half hours one hour and a half 一個(gè)半小時(shí) two and a half hours two hours and a half 兩個(gè)半小時(shí) hall /h?:l/ n. 門廳；會(huì)堂；禮堂；走廊，過道 in the hall 在大廳 hallway /h??lwe?/ n. 走廊；過道 Halloween /,hl?ui:n/ n. 萬圣節(jié)前夕（10 月 31 日） ham /hm/ n. 火腿 a slice of ham a ham sandwich hamburger /hmb?:ɡ?/ n. 漢堡包 hand /hnd/ n. 手；指針 give sb. a hand 幫助；協(xié)助 at hand 手邊；接近 Help was at hand. 援助近在咫尺。 on one hand, on the other hand a second-hand car 二手車 second/minute/hour hand 秒針/分針/時(shí)針 Many hands make light work. 人多好辦事/眾人拾柴火焰高。 v. 交給 hand in 交上來 The teacher asked the students to hand in their papers. hand out 分發(fā)；發(fā)放 = give out They are handing out emergency things. handbag /hndbɡ/ n. 手包 handsome /hns?m/ adj. 英俊的 handwriting /hnd,raiti?/ n. 書法 hang /h?/ v. (hung, hung) 使懸掛；使吊起 (hanged, hanged)上吊；絞死；處以絞刑hang on 別掛電話，等一下 = hold on hang out/around 閑逛；閑蕩 happen /hp?n/ v. (偶然)發(fā)生 If anything happens to him, let me know. She happened to be out when he called.（碰巧做某事） 詞義辨析：happen / take place happen 指偶然的或未經(jīng)籌劃的發(fā)生。 take place 表示必然性的“發(fā)生”或者是計(jì)劃安排好的“舉行”。 The accident happened at about 9:30. Great changes have taken place in my home town recently. happening / hp(?)n?? / n. 事件；發(fā)生的事情（常指不尋常的） strange happenings in my town 發(fā)生在我鎮(zhèn)上的奇事 happy /hpi/ adj. 快樂的；幸福的；高興的 happily happiness unhappy hard /hɑ:d/ adj. 硬的；困難的；艱難的 be hard on sb. 對某人嚴(yán)厲 ；對某人苛刻 = be strict with sb. in sth. hard-working adj. 努力工作的 adv. 努力地；使勁；猛烈地 hardly /hɑ:dli/ adv. 幾乎不 hardly ever 幾乎從不 hard / hardly adv. hard 努力地、嚴(yán)重地、猛烈地 hardly 幾乎不、簡直不 (否定副詞) We should work hard to pass the exam. They could hardly believe the news, could they? harmful /hɑ:mful/ adj. 有害的反義詞：harmless be harmful to do harm to 對……有害 hat /ht/ n. 帽子(一般指有邊的)；禮帽 hate /heit/ n. 憎恨；憎惡 v. 恨；討厭 hate to do sth. 討厭（某一次具體的情況） I hate to go out tonight. hate doing sth. 討厭（表示習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作） I hate walking in the rain. have /hv/ v. ( had, had)有；吃；喝；進(jìn)行；從事 have a bath 洗個(gè)澡 have classes 上課 have a try 試一下 have a word with 與……談幾句話 have words with 和……吵架 have sth. done 表示動(dòng)作由別人來做 I have my hair cut. 我讓人把我頭發(fā)剪了。 have / make sb. do 使某人做某事 They have me wash my clothes. 他們讓我洗我的衣服。 have a swim / walk / ride have a look, have a rest, have a talk have breakfast / lunch / dinner Have a good day! / Have a good time! have a cold have a fever have a stomachache have a point have no idea have something / nothing to do with have…in common auxiliary verb. had better (do) 最好（做） You had better get up early. You’d better not smoke here. have a good/great/hard time in doing sth. 時(shí)態(tài)：have / has done（完成時(shí)） 語態(tài)：have / has been done have to / have got to 不得不，必須（客觀必須） （must 主觀必須） 否定形式 don’t have to Do you have to look after your sister? Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. there be “某處存有” There is a map on the wall. have “所有，擁有” I have a brother and a sister. Hawaii /h?waii:/ n. （美國州名）夏威夷 he /hi:/ pron. 他 head /hed/ n. 頭；頭腦 My head aches. headache /hede?k/ n. 頭疼 have a headache 頭疼 headmaster /hedmɑ:st?/ n. (中小學(xué)的)校長 headphone /hedf?un/ n. 耳機(jī) a pair of headphones 一副耳機(jī)head teacher n. 班主任 health /helθ/ n. 健康；衛(wèi)生 be in good health= be healthy 身體健康 He is healthy. / He is in good health. 他很健康。 healthy /helθi/ adj. (-ier,-iest; more healthy, most healthy) 健康的 a healthy child 健康的孩子 unhealthy hear /hi?/ v. (heard, heard) 聽見；聽說；得知 She heard a noise outside. hear about/ of 聽說 I’ve ever heard of someone doing that. hear from 接到……來信 I often hear from my old friends. 近義詞辨析：listen / hear / sound listen 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，意思 是“聽”，不側(cè)重于結(jié)果。 They are listening to the radio. hear 強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，意思是“聽見”。 I listened carefully but heard nothing. sound 是連系動(dòng)詞(+adj.)，意思是“聽起來”。 The news sounds great. heart /hɑ:t/ n. 心；心臟 The heart is beating. heat /hi:t/ n. 熱，高溫，熱度 v. 把……加熱 heaven /hev?n/ n. 天；天空 hell 地獄 (go to hell 見鬼去吧！完蛋！滾開！) heavy /hevi/ adj.（-ier, -iest）重的；很多的，大量的；嚴(yán)重的 There will be a heavy rain. 將會(huì)有場大雨。 heavily adv. 很多地，大量地；很大程度上，非常 It’s raining heavily. high /hai/ adj. 高的；高度的 high school 中學(xué) high 高的（山，物品等） tall 高的（人，動(dòng)物等） two meters high / tall height /hait/ n. 高度；身高 be of medium height 中等個(gè)子 He’s two meters in height. What’s the height of the mountain? height 高度 weight 重量 length 長度 hello /hel?u/ (hi) interj. 喂；你好(表示打招呼，問候或喚起注意) help /help/ n. 幫助，幫忙 I read English magazines with the help of a dictionary. v. 幫助，幫忙；（使）好轉(zhuǎn)，（使）緩解；助長；構(gòu)成…的因素 help sb. with sth./ (to) do sth. 幫助某人做某事 My sister helps me with my English/(to) study English. help sb. out 幫助某人解決困難 help sb. out of a fire help sb. out of trouble can’t help doing sth. They can’t help laughing. help oneself to 請隨便吃點(diǎn) Help yourself to some fish. helpful /helpful/ adj. 有用的；有益的 a helpful person 有用的人 helpless 無助的，無用的 be helpful to sb. It’s helpful for sb. to do sth. hen /hen/ n. 母雞 her /h?:/ pron. 她(賓格)；她的 hers here /hi?/ adv. 這里；在這里；向這里 here and there 在各地；各處 everywhere hero /hi?r?u/ n. (pl. heroes) 英雄；勇士；男主角 heroic herself /h?:self/ pron. 她自已 hide /haid/ v. (hid, hidden)把……藏起來；隱藏 The sun was hidden by the clouds. hill /hil/ n. 小山；丘陵；土堆；斜坡 him /him/ pron. 他(賓格) himself /himself/ pron. 他自已 his /hiz/ pron. 他的 history /hist?ri/ n. 歷史學(xué)；歷史 historian /h?st??r??n/ n. 歷史學(xué)家；史學(xué)工作者 historical /hist?rik?l/ adj. 歷史上的; 歷史題材的 historic historical research an historic town nestling in a bend of the river 一個(gè)坐落在河曲處的歷史名鎮(zhèn) hit /hit/ v. (hit, hit) 打；撞；擊中 She hit him on his head with a book. I was hit by a falling stone. 與 beat 的區(qū)別 n. 成功而轟動(dòng)一時(shí)的事物（如歌曲等） hit song 流行歌曲 hit records 暢銷的唱碟 His new film The Mermaid is quite a hit. hoax /h?uks/ n. 騙局；惡作??；戲弄；玩笑 The bomb threat turned out to be a hoax. He’d made a hoax call claiming to be the president. hobby /h?bi/ n. 業(yè)余愛好；嗜好 hold /h?uld/ v. (held, held)拿；抱；握??；舉行；進(jìn)行 hold on 等一下；堅(jiān)持 Hold on a minute while I get my breath back. They tried to hold on until help arrived. Hold on to your dream. hole /h?ul/ n. 洞；穴 holiday /h?l?di/ n. 假日；節(jié)日 on holiday 在休假 have a holiday home /h?um/ n. 家；住宅 adv. 回家；在家 get / arrive / reach home Make yourself at home! homeless /h?umlis/ adj. 無家的；無家可歸的 He gave all his money to the homeless. homeland /h?umlnd/ n. 祖國； 故鄉(xiāng) home-made /h?ummeid/ adj. 自制的； 家里做的 Home-made jam is usually better than the kinds you buy in the shops. homesick /h?umsik/ adj. 想家的；思念家鄉(xiāng)的; He was homesick for France. hometown /h??mta?n/ n. 家鄉(xiāng)；故鄉(xiāng) homework /h?umw?:k/ n. 家庭作業(yè)；準(zhǔn)備工作 You could tell that she’d really done her homework. 看得出，她的確做了很充分的準(zhǔn)備。 honest /?nist/ adj. 正直的；誠實(shí)的 an honest businessman to be honest 說實(shí)話 To be honest, I don’t think we have a chance of winning. 反義詞 dishonest honey /h?ni/ n. 蜂蜜 honour /?n?/ ( 美 honor) n. 榮譽(yù)；光榮 It is a great honour to be invited. 承蒙邀請，十分榮幸。 v. 尊敬；給予榮譽(yù) I feel deeply honoured to be invited. hoop /hu:p/ n. (木頭，金屬等做的) 箍，圈，環(huán) hope /h?up/ n. & v. 希望；期望近義詞辨析：hope 和 wish hope to do / wish (sb.) to do She hopes to have a job overseas. She wishes her mother to come here. hope (that) 指與過去，現(xiàn)在或未來有關(guān)的希望 I hope you are ready. 我希望你已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了。 We hope you are happy. 我們希望你幸福。 wish (that) 表達(dá)的是過去、現(xiàn)在或?qū)戆l(fā)生的令人遺憾的事所生出的希望。（虛擬語氣） I wish I could speak Chinese. horse /h?:s/ n. 馬 hospital /h?spit?l/ n. 醫(yī)院 （英）go to hospital 去醫(yī)院 （美）go to the hospital in hospital 有病住院 in the hospital in the hospital 在醫(yī)院 host /h?ust/ n. 主人；主持人；主辦人員 v. 主辦；主持 Which country is hosting the Games this year? hot /h?t/ adj. (-tter, -ttest) 熱的 hotdog /h?t,d?g/ n. 熱狗 hotel /h?utel/ n. 旅館；旅店；賓館 staying at/ in a hotel hour /au?/ n. 小時(shí)；時(shí)間 an hour half an hour one and a half hours/one hour and a half 一個(gè)半小時(shí) two and a half hours/two hours and a half 兩個(gè)半小時(shí) house /haus/ n. 住房；住宅 housework /hausw?:k/ n. 家務(wù)活 do housework=do chores 做家務(wù) how /hau/ adv. 怎樣；如何；多少；多么 how many/much/old/far/often/soon/long/many times how about / what about (doing) sth. ……怎么樣 how 與 what 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句的用法 How clever the girl is! =What a clever girl she is! however /hauev?/ conj. 不管怎樣 You can do it however you like. 你可以按照自己的意思去做。 adv. 然而，不過，但是 however & but 的用法區(qū)別 She fell ill. However, she still went to work. She fell ill. But she still went to work. huge /hju:d?/ adj. 龐大的；巨大的 Canada is a huge country. 加拿大是個(gè)幅員遼闊的國家。 human /hju:m?n/ n.人，人類 [C] adj. 人的；人類的 human being humid /hju:mid/ adj. 潮濕的； 濕潤的同義詞：wet humorous /hju:m?r?s/ adj. 富于幽默的 humour n. 幽默 hundred /h?ndr?d/ num. 一百 hundreds of 成百的；許多 three hundred 三百 hungry /h??ɡri/ adj. 饑鋨的；挨鋨的 I’m hungry. Let’s eat soon. hunger n. 餓；饑餓 died of（內(nèi)因）/ from（外因） He died of/from hunger. hurry /h?ri/ v. 匆忙；趕快 hurry to do sth. 急忙去做某事 hurry up 趕快；急忙(做某事) I wish the train would hurry up and come. n. 匆忙，急忙 in a hurry 迅速地；匆忙地 She dressed in a hurry. He was in a hurry to leave. hurt /h?:t/ v. (hurt, hurt) 感到疼痛；弄傷，弄痛；傷害 adj. 受傷的；痛苦的 n. 傷害；痛苦 He hurt his back when he fell. It hurts when I move my leg. Are you badly hurt? husband /h?zb?nd/ n. 丈夫 hunt /h?nt/ v. 打獵 They are hunting. halfway /hɑ?fwe?/ adj./adv. 在中途；部分地做(或達(dá)到) So you’re halfway to solving a problem just by talking to someone about it! housewarming /ha?s,w??m??/ n. 喬遷聚會(huì) haunted /h??nt?d/ adj. 有鬼魂出沒的；鬧鬼的 haunted house heel /hi?l/ n. 鞋跟；足跟 Achilles’ Heel hug /h?g/ n.&v. 擁抱；摟抱 ??與字母 H 相關(guān)的諺語 He eats like a horse. You can take a horse to the water, but you can’t make it drink! Hardships never come alone. Health is above wealth. Hedges have eyes, and walls have ears. He laughs best who laughs last. Knowledge is power. Honesty is the best policy. ??精講精練 一、單項(xiàng)選擇 ( )1. He was born in Italy, but he has made China his . A. family B. address C. house D. home ( )2. The teachers hope all of us can hand our homework time every time. A. up; in B. out; on C. on; in D. in; on ( )3. — can you finish this English examination? —In about one and a half hours. A. How far B. How often C. How soon D. How long ( )4. —Yesterday Tommy walked past my table and my bowls and dishes. —He should be careful next time. A. knocked off B. took off C. showed off D. turned off ( )5. —He always appears to . —That’s because he’s really knowledgeable and experienced. A. make an effort B. have a point C. pull together D. take place 二、根據(jù)提示填空 1. “Jackie is of medium h ” means Jackie is neither tall nor short. 2. He works very (hard). He (hard) has a rest on Sunday. 3. It snowed (heavy) last night and now the streets are covered with snow. 4. 一收到媽媽的來信，她就立刻啟程回家。 She will set off for home at once as soon as she her mother (hear). 5. 它因成功幫助無家可歸的人重返正常生活而聞名。 It is famous its success in helping people return to a normal life. 【參考答案】 ??與字母 H 相關(guān)的諺語 1. 食大如牛。 2. 強(qiáng)扭的瓜不甜。 3. 禍不單行。 4. 健康重于財(cái)富。 5. 籬笆有眼，隔墻有耳。 6. 笑在最后，笑得最好。 7. 知識(shí)就是力量。 8. 誠實(shí)至上。 ??精講精練一、單項(xiàng)選擇1—5：DDCAB 二、根據(jù)提示完成句子 1. height 2. hard, hardly 3. heavily 4. hears from 5. for, homeless