2020屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 語法 專項(xiàng)突破（8）動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)（含解析）牛津譯林版.doc

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動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài) 單句語法填空 1、If nobody buys his tomatoes, it wont be long before he__________(get) the message. 2、Our village has been almost pletely cut off from the outside world since they__________(close) the local railway station. 3、I wonder if he__________(be) in time for the train if he starts now. 4、Hurry up! Mr Johnson__________(expect) you in his office. 5、He must have sensed that I__________(look) at him.He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly,"Why are you staring at me like that?” 6、At college,Barack Obama didn’t know that he__________(bee) the first black president of the United States of America. 7、Please don’t give me a call between 9:00 and 11:00 tomorrow. I__________(have) a meeting then. 8、China’s high-speed railways__________(grow) from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years. 9、When walking down the street, I came across David, whom I__________(not see) for years. 10、Marty__________(work) really hard on his book and he thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday. 11、Iam sorry I can’t meet you at the station. I__________(leave) by the time you e back from abroad. 12、In the near future, I hope more progress__________(make) in farming. 13、Despite the previous rounds of talks,no agreement__________(reach) so far by the two sides. 14、They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house__________(decorate). 15、The famous musician,as well as his students,__________(invite) to perform-at the opening ceremony of the 2013 Taipei Flower Expo. 16、A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who__________(trap) in the mountains for two days. 17、Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming,__________(regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise. 18、Young childrens innate abilities should__________(harness) to make these benefits more achievable. 單句改錯 1、I felt very upset at first, but the encouragement from my teacher keeps me going ahead. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2、We haven’t decided yet where we place the new bookshelf tomorrow. _____________________________________________________________________ 3、I am glad to hear that you are going to Canada to study. SoI was writing to tell you something about this country. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4、She said that she will go that morning. _____________________________________________________________________ 5、I am very pleased to say that all of us improved our spoken English greatly so far. _____________________________________________________________________ 6、They said never before have they experienced so interesting a class. _____________________________________________________________________ 7、A climbing expedition to Mt. Everest will be organising. _____________________________________________________________________ 8、Having turned the backpack inside out,we assumed that it must have left in the taxi. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9、We both attracted by its beautiful scenery at first sight. 10、In the touring season rooms of every big hotel in the city must reserved in advance. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 11、We no sooner reached the station than the train was off. _____________________________________________________________________ 12、When the peace group left Africa last month, they set up more than 200 orphanages. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案以及解析 單句語法填空 1答案及解析： 答案：gets 解析：句意:如果沒人買他的番茄,過不了多久他就會知道了。It wont be long before…為固定句型, 意為“過不了多久就……引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。 2答案及解析： 答案：closed 解析：當(dāng)主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)時(shí),since從句中應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。句意:自從這里的鐵路車站被關(guān)閉以來,我們的村子幾乎完全與外界隔絕了。 3答案及解析： 答案：will be 解析：由if he starts now可知,if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句表示的是將來的狀況,所以應(yīng)填入will be。if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句時(shí),從句中不用將來時(shí)態(tài),但引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)則不受此限制。句意:我不知道如果他現(xiàn)在就出發(fā)的話能否趕上這班火車。 4答案及解析： 答案：is expecting 解析：“Hurry up!”表明約翰遜先生正在他辦公室等候,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。句意:快點(diǎn)!約翰遜先生正在他的辦公室等你。 5答案及解析： 答案：was looking 解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。由語境可知“我當(dāng)時(shí)正在看他”,故用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。must have done sth.“一定做過某事”。句意: 他當(dāng)時(shí)一定感覺到了我正在看他。他突然瞥了我一眼,靜靜地說:“你為什么那樣看我?” 6答案及解析： 答案：was to bee/would bee 解析：考查動詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意:上大學(xué)的時(shí)候,奧巴馬不知道他要成為美國的第一位黑人總統(tǒng)。主句是一般過去時(shí),從句根據(jù)句意用過去將來時(shí)。表示“注定成為",需要用was to/would bee。 7答案及解析： 答案：will be having 解析：句意:明天(上午)9點(diǎn)到11點(diǎn)之間請不要給我打電話,那時(shí)我將正在開會。根據(jù)語境和時(shí)間狀語between 9:00 and 11:00 tomorrow可知,此處表達(dá)“明天某個(gè)時(shí)間正在做某事”,即將來進(jìn)行時(shí): 所以答案為will be having。 8答案及解析： 答案：have grown 解析：句意:在過去的幾年里,中國的高速鐵路已經(jīng)從9000公里增長到25000公里。in the past few years "近幾年”為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語,故該句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 9答案及解析： 答案：hadn’t seen 解析：考査時(shí)態(tài)。由語境可知not see這個(gè)動作發(fā)生在came across之前,屬于過去的過去,故用過去完成時(shí)。句意:當(dāng)我沿著街道散步的時(shí)候,遇見了多年未見的大衛(wèi)。 10答案及解析： 答案：has been working 解析：句意:馬蒂一直非常賣力地在寫他的書,并且他覺得到星期五他就會寫完了?，F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示發(fā)生在過去的動作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并沒有結(jié)束,將一直持續(xù)。 11答案及解析： 答案：will have left 解析：句意:很抱歉我不能到車站去接你了。你從國外回來的時(shí)候我就已經(jīng)走了根據(jù)語境可知此處表達(dá):在將來某個(gè)時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)完成了某個(gè)動作:屬于將來完成時(shí),所以答案為will have left. 12答案及解析： 答案：will be made 解析：考查將來時(shí)態(tài)的被動語態(tài)。因?yàn)榫渲械臅r(shí)間狀語為In the near future,故可知該句表達(dá)將來的意義,且主語more progress與動詞make之間為被動關(guān)系,故填will be made。 13答案及解析： 答案：has been reached 解析：根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語so far “到目前為止”可知,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。主語agreement與reach為被動關(guān)系,故填入現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動式。句意:盡管之前進(jìn)行了多輪談判,但到目前為止雙方?jīng)]有達(dá)成任何協(xié)議。 14答案及解析： 答案：is being decorated 解析：句意:目前他們和父母住在一起,因?yàn)樗麄冏约旱姆孔诱谘b修,根據(jù)語境可和,此處動作正在進(jìn)行之中,decorate與house之間是被動關(guān)系,所以此處應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動語態(tài)。且 their own house 是單數(shù)形式,所以答案為 is being decorated。 15答案及解析： 答案：was invited 解析：as well as連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí),謂語動詞的數(shù)與前面的主語保持一致。因題干中的主語和謂語為被動關(guān)系,且開幕式發(fā)生在過去,故填入was invited。句意:這位著名的音樂家和他的學(xué)生們都受邀在2013年臺北花卉博覽會開幕式上進(jìn)行表演。 16答案及解析： 答案：had been trapped 解析：句意:一位救援人員冒著生命危險(xiǎn)挽救了兩位在山里被困兩天的游客。由句意可知,tourists和trap構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系,且困在山里發(fā)生在過去被營救之前,即"過去的過去",再結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語for two days可知,應(yīng)填入過去完成時(shí)。 17答案及解析： 答案：is regarded 解析：句意:現(xiàn)如今,與慢跑和游泳一起,騎自行車運(yùn)動被視為最好的、最全面的運(yùn)動形式之一。設(shè)空處是句子的謂語動詞,主語與regard之間是被動關(guān)系句子的主語是cycling, along with后的名詞不影響謂語的數(shù),所以謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語Nowadays可知時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 18答案及解析： 答案：be harnessed 單句改錯 1答案及解析： 答案：I felt very upset at first, but the encouragement from my teacher me going ahead. 解析：句意:起初我感到非常不安,但是老師的鼓勵使我繼續(xù)向前。根據(jù)第一個(gè)分句中的謂語動詞felt可知第二個(gè)分句介紹的應(yīng)是過去的事情.需用一般過去時(shí),故將keeps改為kept。 2答案及解析： 答案：We haven’t decided yet where we place the new bookshelf tomorrow 3答案及解析： 答案：I am glad to hear that you are going to Canada to study. SoI writing to tell you something about this country. 解析：句意:聽說你要去加拿大學(xué)習(xí),我很高興。因此我寫信告訴你這個(gè)國家的一些情況.根據(jù)語境可知說話者正在寫信,故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),故將was改為am. 4答案及解析： 答案： She said that she go that morning. 5答案及解析： 答案：I am very pleased to say that all of us improved our spoken English greatly so far. 解析：句意:我很高興地說,到目前為止,我們所有人的英語口語都有了很大的提高.時(shí)間狀語so far與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用,且從句的主語是all of us,所以應(yīng)在improved前加have。 6答案及解析： 答案：They said never before they experienced so interesting a class. 解析：句意:他們說自己以前從未上過這么有趣的課. 主句They said用了一般過去時(shí),其后的賓語從句應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí):本句為倒裝語序,其正常語序?yàn)?They said they had never experienced so interesting a class before. 7答案及解析： 答案： organising→organised 解析： organise同主語之間為被動關(guān)系。 8答案及解析： 答案：Having turned the backpack inside out,we assumed that it must have left in the taxi. 解析：句意:在把背包翮過來之后.我們認(rèn)為它一定是被落在出租車上了.賓語從句中的主語it和leave(落下)在邏輯上是被動關(guān)系.must have done表示對過去情況的肯定猜測,其被動形式為 must have been done。 9答案及解析： 答案：Weboth attracted by its beautiful scenery at first sight. 解析：句意:乍一看我們倆就都被眼前美麗的景色吸引住了。主語We和attract之間在邏輯上為被動關(guān)系,且此處在講述過去的事,故在both前加were. 10答案及解析： 答案：In the touring season rooms of every big hotel in the city must reserved in advance. 11答案及解析： 答案：We no sooner reached the station than the train was off. 12答案及解析： 答案：When the peace group left Africa last month, they set up more than 200 orphanages.