牛津深圳版八年級英語上冊Unit 1 EncyclopaediasPPT教學課件
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Unit 1 Encyclopaedias,Module 1 Amazing things,1,,,,自主預習,一、根據(jù)漢語寫出英文單詞1. 恐龍 (n.) ____________________2. 發(fā)明家 (n.) ____________________3. 科學家 (n.) ____________________4. 人的 (adj.) ____________________5. 出生 (v.) ____________________6. 包括;包含 (v.) ____________________7. 鄉(xiāng)村;農(nóng)村 (n.) ____________________8. 才智;智慧 (n.) ____________________9. 可能;大概 (adv.) ____________________10. 獲勝;贏 (v.) ____________________,dinosaur,inventor,scientist,human,born,include,countryside,intelligence,perhaps,win,2,,二、根據(jù)漢語寫出下列詞組1. 人 ________________ 2. 在鄉(xiāng)村;在農(nóng)村 ________________3. 滅絕;消失 ________________ 4. 了解(到);弄清 ________________5. 去散步 ________________ 6. 和……一樣小 ________________7. 例如 ________________ 8. 從小時候起 ________________,human being,in the countryside,die out,find out,go for a walk,as small as.,for example,from an early age,3,,三、翻譯下列句子1. 達芬奇出生在農(nóng)村。___________________________________________2. 從小時候起,他就展現(xiàn)出超凡的智慧和藝術(shù)才能。______________________________________________________________________________________3. 有些恐龍像小雞一樣小。___________________________________________4. 恐龍在地球上生存了一億五千萬年以上。___________________________________________5. 然后,突然間,它們?nèi)肯Я恕__________________________________________,Da Vinci was born in the countryside.,From an early age, he showed great intelligence and artistic ability.,Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens.,Dinosaurs lived on Earth for more than 150 million years.,Then, suddenly, they all died out.,4,,,,詞匯精析,【1】inventor n. someone who is the first to think of or make something 發(fā)明家;創(chuàng)造者Edison is one of the greatest inventors. 愛迪生是最偉大的發(fā)明家之一。 【同根詞】(1)invent v. 發(fā)明;創(chuàng)造The scientist invented many things. 這位科學家發(fā)明了許多東西。(2)invention n. 發(fā)明;發(fā)明物His most important invention was the light bulb. 他最重要的一項發(fā)明是電燈泡。,5,,【應用】 (1) Zhang Heng was a great __________ (invent) in China. (2) Who __________ (invent) the telephone in 1876?,inventor,invented,6,,【2】musician n. a person who has skill at playing, singing, or writing music 音樂家Beethoven is a well-known musician all around the world. 貝多芬是一位世界聞名的音樂家。 【同根詞】music n. 音樂What kind of music do you like? Rock or pop?你喜歡哪一種類型的音樂?搖滾樂還是流行樂?搭配:(1)face to music 勇于承擔后果;傾聽責備或批評 Sooner or later, you’re going to face the music. 遲早你將會承擔后果。(2)music to one’s ears 悅耳的聲音,佳音;中聽的話,7,,【拓展】(1)-ian 通常作單詞的后綴,表示“……人”,如:technician(技工),Italian(意大利人)。Tom’s father works as a technician in a factory. 湯姆的父親是一家工廠的技工。(2)類似的后綴還有 -er/-or/-ist,如:teacher(老師),doctor(醫(yī)生),scientist(科學家)。 【應用】 Lang Lang is one of the most popular __________ (music) in China.,musicians,8,,【3】born v. a past participle of bear 出生adj. to describe someone who has a natural ability to do a particular activity or job 天生 的;天賦的He has been very happy since his son was born. 自從他的兒子出生以來,他就非常開心。Stephen was a born scientist. 斯蒂芬是位天生的科學家。,9,,【拓展】be born in 出生于……(后面接地點、年份、季節(jié)、月份等)be born on 出生于……(后面接具體某一天)His younger sister was born in winter. 他的妹妹是在冬天出生的。I was born on July 28th. 我出生于7月28日。 【應用】 ( )I was born ______ Shenzhen.A. on B. in C. at,,B,10,,【4】 intelligence n. the ability to learn, think, and understand 才智;智慧He is a person of high intelligence. 他是一個高智商的人。,11,,【同根詞】intelligent adj. “聰明的;有才智的”,其近義詞為smart, clever和wise。He is so intelligent that he always keeps ahead of his competitors. 他非常聰明,以至于在比賽中總是勝人一籌。You have made a wise decision just now. 剛剛你做了一個明智的決定。 【應用】 ( )Intelligent people cannot be led by the nose. (選出可以替換畫線部分的最佳選項)A. Ugly B. Foolish C. Wise,C,12,,【5】artistic adj. relating to or characteristic of art or artists 有藝術(shù)天賦的Harry is a person with outstanding artistic ability. 哈里有著出眾的藝術(shù)天賦。 【同根詞】(1) art n. 藝術(shù);美術(shù)My elder sister teaches Art in a college. 我的姐姐在一所大學里教美術(shù)課。(2) artist n. 藝術(shù)家How do you become an artist? 你是怎樣成為一名藝術(shù)家的? 【應用】If your dream is to be an _________ (art), you should try your best to make it come true.,artist,13,,【6】ability n. the power or knowledge to do something才能;能力 (復數(shù):abilities)I have the ability to do this job well. 我有能力做好這份工作。 【同根詞】able adj. 有能力的be able to do sth.=can do sth.有能力做某事;能夠做 某事Although he is only three years old, he is able to dress himself. 雖然只有三歲,但是他已經(jīng)能自己穿衣服了。,14,,【辨析】be able to與can(1)be able to 強調(diào)通過努力而獲得的能力,而can則強調(diào)自身已具有的能力。She can sing the song in English. 她能用英語唱這首歌。He will be able to sing this song in English in a few minutes, too. 幾小時之后,他也將能用英語唱這首 歌。(2)be able to 強調(diào)一種結(jié)果,而can只強調(diào)一種可能。Luckily, he was able to escape from the big fire in the end. 幸運的是,他最終逃出了大火。If he got here a few hours earlier, I could save him. 要是他早幾小時來,我還能救他。,15,,(3)be able to 可以有各種時態(tài),而can只有一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時兩種時態(tài)。I could help you last night, but you didn’t come. 昨天晚上我能幫你,而你又沒來。Can you see it there? 你能看見它在那兒嗎?He is/was/will be able to help you. 他能幫你的忙。(4)can可用于表示可能性、推測、允許等情況,而be able to通常不這樣用。You are able to use my computer. (誤)You can use my computer. 你可以用我的電腦。(正) 【應用】 ( )I was not able to finish my homework because I was ill. (選出可以替換畫線部分的最佳選項)A. can’t B. couldn’t C. mustn’t,B,16,,【7】perhaps adv. it is possible that; maybe 可能; 大概Perhaps I will go to Hong Kong next week. 下周我可能要去香港。 【拓展】perhaps的近義詞為maybe和probably。Maybe she will come to my party.也許她會來參加我的聚會。I will probably be back at 7 in the evening. 我晚上大概7點回來。,17,,【辨析】perhaps, maybe與probably(1) perhaps 表示“可能;大概”,有時可與maybe換用,但是perhaps較為正式。(2) maybe 表示“也許;可能”,多用于口語中。(3) probably 表示“很有可能”,其實現(xiàn)的可能性最大。 【應用】 ( )Perhaps Tom will join our party tonight. (選出可以替換畫線部分的最佳選項)A. Maybe B. Probable C. May be,A,18,,【8】include v. have as a part; contain in addition to other parts 包括;包含These people include teachers, doctors, engineers and students. 這些人包括教師、醫(yī)生、工程師和學生。 【同根詞】including prep.包括;包含There are three storeys including the ground floor. 包括底層共有三層。 【拓展】include的近義詞為contain。This box contains several mails from abroad. 這個盒子里面有來自國外的幾封郵件。,19,,【辨析】include 與including (1)include 意為“包括;包含”,是及物動詞。 include的前面要有主語。The price includes postage charges. 價格包括郵費在內(nèi)。The university includes ten colleges. 該大學有10個學院。(2)including作介詞,一般用在逗號后面,或者是冒號的前面??傊怯脴它c隔開用的,但是有的時候它也是可以放在句子中的。The band played many songs, including some of my favourite songs. 這個樂隊表演了很多首歌,包括我最喜歡的一些歌。 【應用】 (1) There are ten students __________ (include) you. (2) Eight units are _________ (include) in this new textbook.,including,included,20,,【9】however adv. by contrast; on the other hand 然 而;但是We have many friends, however, we also have enemies. 我們有許多朋友,但是我們也有敵人。 【拓展】however的近義詞為but。(注意:but與although不能同時使用)I am not myself today, but I will do what I can to finish the work.=Although I am not myself today, I will do what I can to finish the work.(雖然)我今天不舒服,但我將盡我所能來完成這項工作。,21,,【辨析】but與however(1)從詞性上來看,but作并列連詞,而however作副詞。(2)從語序上來看,but位于它所引出的分句之首,而however可以位于分句之首或之后,并通常用逗號將其與分句隔開。 【應用】 (1) Learning playing the guitar isn’t difficult, __________ (but, however) you have to practise it a lot. (2) It was raining heavily, ___________ (but, however), we went out to look for the lost boy.,but,however,22,,【10】suddenly adv. happening unexpectedly突然; 忽然 Suddenly, all the dinosaurs died out. 突然間,所有的恐龍都滅絕了。 【同根詞】sudden adj. 突然的He was shocked by the sudden accident. 他被這個突如其來的事故給驚住了。,23,,【拓展】suddenly=all of a suddenThen, all of a sudden, the first star began to shine. 然后,出乎意料地,第一顆星星開始閃耀了。 【應用】 ( )All of a sudden, my dog started to bark aloud. (選出可以替換畫線部分的最佳選項)A. In the end B. At first C. Suddenly,C,24,,【11】win v. attain success or reach a desired goal (在比賽中)獲勝;贏 My dream is to win a champion in the Olympics. 我的夢想是在奧運會中拿到冠軍。 【拓展】(1) win的過去式為won,過去分詞為won。I won the game last night. 昨天晚上我贏得了比賽。(2) win的近義詞為beat和defeat。We were defeated in the football match last month.上個月我們的足球賽踢輸了。,25,,【辨析】win, defeat與beat(1) win 一般指“贏得比賽、獎項,或戰(zhàn)爭、選舉勝利等”,常見搭配如下:win a game(match)/race/prize/war 贏得比賽/賽跑/獎項/戰(zhàn)爭勝利(2) defeat通常可與beat互換,均表示“戰(zhàn)勝或擊敗對手”,常見搭配如下:defeat/beat the enemy/team 打敗敵人/隊伍(3) beat除了表示“擊敗”可與defeat互換以外,還可以表示“打擊;跳動”。I was really nervous, and my heart was beating very fast. 我很緊張,心跳得很快。,26,,【應用】用win, defeat或beat填空 (1) The army _____________ the enemy in the end. (2) Who do you think will _____________ the next election? (3) Mark is learning how to _____________ a drum.,beat/defeated,win,beat,27,,【12】as.as和……一樣 My bag is as heavy as yours. 我的書包和你的一樣重。 【拓展】省略號處一般用形容詞或副詞的原級。Mary spoke as fast as Tom did. 瑪麗說得和湯姆一樣快。 【應用】 You should read as __________ (care) as Lily in order to make fewer mistakes.,carefully,28,,【13】die out(of a family, species, etc.)no longer have any members left alive(指家族、物種等)死光,滅絕,絕跡; (of a custom, practice, etc.)is no longer common (指習俗、知法等)消失,過時 Some of the creatures on Earth are dying out. 地球上有些物種正在滅絕。The old traditions are dying out. 舊傳統(tǒng)正在消失。 【拓展】die的過去式為died,過去分詞為died,現(xiàn)在分詞為dying,形容詞為dead。The famous writer has been dead for three years. 這位著名的作家已經(jīng)離世三年了。,29,,【辨析】die of與die from(1) die of 指死于某種疾病或饑餓等(內(nèi)部原因)A large number of people in the world die of cancer every year. 世界上每年有許多人死于癌癥。(2) die from 指死于某種意外,如車禍、災難等(外部原因)Unfortunately, more than 20 passengers died from the car accident.不幸的是,超過20名乘客在這場車禍中喪生。,30,,【應用】 (1) ( )This kind of bird is because of the heavy pollution.A. dying out B. dying of C. dying from (2) Two children died __________ (of, from) the fire at midnight.,A,from,31,,【14】look up查閱;(從字典、書中)查找;向上看 look up后接名詞時放up前、后均可,接代詞時則只能放在look和up的中間。You can look up the new word in the dictionary. 你可以在字典中查找這個生詞。 【拓展】與look相關(guān)的詞組還有l(wèi)ook after (照顧), look like(看起來像), look for(尋找), look at(看), look out(向外看;小心)等。He has to look after his mother because she is badly ill. 他媽媽病重,他得照顧她。,32,,【辨析】look after, look like, look for與look out(1) look after 照顧;照料She can look after her younger sister. 她可以照料她的妹妹。 (2) look like 看起來像The twins look like each other. 這對雙胞胎長得很像。(3) look for 尋找I have been looking for my purse for a long time, but I can’t find it. 我找錢包找了很久,但仍沒找到。(4) look out 往外看;小心(=watch out)Look out! A car is coming.當心!有車過來了。,33,,【應用】 ( )If you want to know more about this, you can in the encyclopaedia.A. look up it B. look it up C. look after it,B,34,,語法梳理,,語法精講,一、不定代詞: some & any在英語當中,不定代詞some/any用來描述數(shù)量。1. some多用于肯定句中,可以修飾復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。There are some students in the classroom.教室里有一些學生。There is some milk in the bottle.瓶子里有一些牛奶。2. some有時也用于表示請求或建議的一般疑問句中,通常表示希望得到對方肯定的答復。Can you give me some help?你能幫我一下嗎?Would you like to have some coffee?你想喝點咖啡嗎?,35,,3. any通常用于否定句和疑問句中,可以修飾單數(shù)或復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。Do you have any question(s) to ask?你有什么問題要問嗎?There isn’t any water in this bottle. 瓶子里面一點水都沒有了。4. any也可用于肯定句中, 表示“任何”的意思, 起強調(diào)作用。You may take any of them. 你可以拿它們當中的任何一樣。It’s a puzzle that any intelligent child could solve. 這是任何聰明的孩子都能解出來的一個謎題。5. any有時也可用于條件句中。If you have any questions, please come to my office. 如果你有任何問題,請來辦公室找我。,36,,二、復合不定代詞復合不定代詞是由some-,any-,no-,every- 加上 -one, -body,-thing等所組成的不定代詞。1. something(某事物), somebody(某人), someone(某人)There is someone who wants to speak to you.有人想跟你說話。2. anything(任何事物), anybody(任何人), anyone(任何人)Is there anything that I can do for you?有什么我可以為你效勞的嗎?3. nothing(沒有什么), nobody(沒有人), no one(沒有人)Nobody lives on this island.這個島上無人生存。4. everything(一切事物), everybody(每個人), everyone(每個人) Everyone is here today.今天所有人都到齊了。,37,,直擊中考,( )1. —Is there ______ beef in the fridge?—No, there isn’t. There is pork. (2014天津)A. some; any B. any; anyC. some; some D. any; some ( )2. I was looking for a birthday gift for my mother, but I couldn’t find ______ suitable. (2014南京)A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything ( )3. Our mother Earth gives us ______ we need in our daily life. (2014臨沂)A. nobody B. nothingC. everybody D. everything,D,B,D,38,,寫作樂園,話題一 描述個人 【常用詞組】1. introduce sb. 介紹某人 2. be born on 出生于3. show interest in. 表現(xiàn)出對……感興趣4. such as 例如5. be good at 擅長6. in teachers’ opinion 依老師們的觀點7. be proud of 以……為驕傲8. from an early age 從小時候起9. be famous for 以……而聞名,39,,【精彩句型】1. He was born on July 28th.他出生于7月28日。2. He won the “Merit Student of Guangdong” last week. 他上周獲得了“廣東省三好學生”稱號。3. He shows great interest in reading, singing and playing badminton. 他表現(xiàn)出對閱讀、唱歌和打羽毛球的濃厚興趣。4. He is a smart, hard-working and friendly student. 他是一個聰明、勤奮而且對人友好的學生。5. He is good at English and Science. 他擅長英語和科學。,40,,【短文寫作】假設你的同班同學楊華上周榮獲“廣東省三好學生(Merit Student of Guangdong)”稱號。以下是楊華同學的個人資料:,請根據(jù)上面表格中的內(nèi)容,寫一篇短文在校園博客上宣傳介紹楊華。要求:不少于70詞,短文的開頭已給出,不計入總詞數(shù)。,41,,【范文賞析】Yang Hua is an excellent student in our school. Let me introduce him to you all. He was born on July 28th,1999. He is the monitor in our class. He shows great interest in reading, singing and playing badminton. He is good at English and Science. In our teachers’ opinion, he is a smart, hard-working and friendly student. He won the “Merit Student of Guangdong” last week, so all the students in our class are proud of him and like him very much.,42,,謝謝欣賞!,43,,- 1.請仔細閱讀文檔,確保文檔完整性,對于不預覽、不比對內(nèi)容而直接下載帶來的問題本站不予受理。
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