高中英語必修4 - Unit 5單元訓(xùn)練及解析

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Unit 5 (時(shí)間：45分鐘　滿分：60分) Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分) 1．More and more people choose to shop in a supermarket as it offers a great________of goods.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 A．expression B．mixture C．variety D．combination 答案　C　[考查固定短語。a (great) variety of＝varieties of各種各樣的。句意：越來越多的人到超市購物，因?yàn)槌心芴峁└鞣N各樣的物品。] 2．The UK________ Great Britain and Northern Ireland, is a country famous________its history.(2012北京市重點(diǎn)高中高三期中) A．consisted of，for B．consisting of, as C．consisting of，for D．consisted of, as 答案　C　[考查非謂語動(dòng)詞和固定搭配。consist of由……構(gòu)成，不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故句中應(yīng)用v.ing形式作后置定語；be famous for...以……而聞名；be famous as...作為……而聞名。句意：英國由大不列顛和北愛爾蘭構(gòu)成，是一個(gè)以其歷史而聞名的國家?？芍獞?yīng)選C項(xiàng)。] 3．You cant camp________you like these days.Many natural areas are now under protection. A．whichever B．wherever C．what D．when 答案　B　[考查狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞。wherever引導(dǎo)讓步地點(diǎn)狀語從句，相當(dāng)于no matter where。句意：現(xiàn)在你不能想在什么地方露營都可以了，很多的自然地區(qū)都受到保護(hù)了。] 4．— Do you want tea or coffee? — I dont mind, ________one youre making.(2012東北師大附中學(xué)高三摸底) A．however B．whenever C．whichever D．whatever 答案　C　[考查復(fù)合形容詞作定語。whichever one＝no matter which one無論哪一個(gè)；句意：——你想喝茶還是喝咖啡？——你在煮的哪一個(gè)(茶或咖啡)都可以，我并不介意。] 5．Tiangong1 is reported________on Sep.28 in China, which________worldwide attention.(2012鄭州第四十七中學(xué)高三期中) A．being launched; attaches B．to be launched; attracted C．having been launched; attached D．to have been launched; attracts 答案　D　[句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，中國于9月28號(hào)發(fā)射了天宮一號(hào)，引起了全世界的廣泛關(guān)注。sb/sth is reported to do...“據(jù)報(bào)道某人/某物做某事”，第一個(gè)空用B或D項(xiàng)都合適，但B項(xiàng)里面的attracted時(shí)態(tài)與前面的is reported不一致，故應(yīng)排除。] 6．— Given its breathtaking natural landscape and a relaxing atmosphere — most stores in Norway are closed at 5 oclock every day. — Its ________that Norway has the highest quality of life. A．no wonder B．no problem C．no doubt D．no way 答案　A　[句意：——不用說那令人驚嘆的自然美景和放松的氣氛了，在挪威大部分的商店每天都在5點(diǎn)就關(guān)門了?！y怪挪威人擁有最高的生活質(zhì)量。A項(xiàng)意為“難怪；怪不得”；B項(xiàng)意為“沒問題”；C項(xiàng)意為“毫無疑問”；D項(xiàng)意為“沒門”。] 7．Every child is________， with their own needs, preferences and talents. A．contradictory B．similar C．original D．unique 答案　D　[考查形容詞辨析。contradictory矛盾的；對(duì)立的；similar相似的；original原始的；起源的；unique獨(dú)一無二的。句意：每個(gè)孩子都各有特點(diǎn)，有他們自己的需要、愛好和天賦。] 8．We had a big meal in a fine restaurant last Monday and the total cost________five hundred dollars. A．came through B．came in C．came out with D．came to 答案　D　[考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“經(jīng)歷；成功”；B項(xiàng)意為“進(jìn)來；出現(xiàn)”；C項(xiàng)意為“提出；出版”；D項(xiàng)意為“到達(dá)；達(dá)到(數(shù)目)”。由句意：上周一我們?cè)谝粋€(gè)高檔飯店吃了一頓大餐，花費(fèi)高達(dá)五百美元?？芍獞?yīng)選D項(xiàng)。] 9．Henry hurried to the library only to find a notice at the gate, saying “No________before12 noon”．(2012江蘇南通市高三調(diào)研) A．permission B．a(chǎn)dmission C．submission D．commission 答案　B　[考查名詞詞義辨析。permission允許；許可；admission(學(xué)校、會(huì)場(chǎng)等的)進(jìn)入許可；入場(chǎng)費(fèi)；submission屈服；順從；commission委托；傭金。句意：哈利匆忙趕到圖書館，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)門上貼著一張通告：中午12點(diǎn)以前謝絕入內(nèi)。] 10．The boss________company I worked in two years ago has________in solving such kind of problem.(2012南京溧水高級(jí)中學(xué)高三調(diào)查) A．whose; many experiences B．who; many experiences C．whose; much experience D．which; much experience 答案　C　[句意：我兩年前在他的廠子里工作的那個(gè)老板在解決此類問題方面很有經(jīng)驗(yàn)。whose引導(dǎo)定語從句，并在從句中作定語，修飾company；experience作“經(jīng)驗(yàn)”講時(shí)，為不可數(shù)名詞，用作“經(jīng)歷”講時(shí)多用作可數(shù)名詞。] Ⅱ.閱讀理解(共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分) A The garden city was largely the invention of Ebenezer Howard (1850－1928). After immigrating from England to the USA, and an unsuccessful attempt to make a living as a farmer, he moved to Chicago, where he saw the reconstruction of the city after the disastrous fire of 1871. In those days, it was nicknamed “the Garden City”， almost certainly the source of Howards name for his later building plan of towns. Returning to London, Howard developed his design in the 1880s and 1890s, drawing_on ideas that were popular at the time, but creating a unique combination of designs. The nineteenthcentury poor city was in many ways a terrible place, dirty and crowded; but it offered economic and social opportunities. At the same time, the British countryside was in fact equally unattractive: though it promised fresh air and nature, it suffered from agricultural depression(蕭條) and it offered neither enough work and wages, nor much social life. Howards idea was to combine the best of town and country in a new kind of settlement, the garden city. Howards idea was that a group of people should set up a company, borrowing money to establish a garden city in the depressed countryside; far enough from existing cities to make sure that the land was bought at the bottom price. Garden cities would provide a central public open space, radial avenues and connecting industries. They would be surrounded by a much larger area of green belt, also owned by the company, containing not merely farms but also some industrial institutions. As more and more people moved in, the garden city would reach its planned limit—Howard suggested 32,000 people; then, another would be started a short distance away. Thus, over time, there would develop a vast planned house collection, extending almost without limit; within it, each garden city would offer a wide rang of jobs and services, but each would also be connected to the others by a rapid transportation system, thus giving all the economic and social opportunities of a big city. 【解題導(dǎo)語】 本文介紹了Ebenezer Howard設(shè)計(jì)的英國花園城市?！　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　? 11．How did Howard get the name for his building plan of garden cities? A．Through his observation of the country life. B．Through the combination of different ideas. C．By taking other peoples advice. D．By using the nickname of the reconstructed Chicago. 答案　D　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的第二、三兩句可知，他的花園城市得名于重建后的芝加哥的綽號(hào)。] 12．The underlined phrase “drawing on ”in Paragraph 1 probably means________. A．making use of B．making comments on C．giving an explanation of D．giving a description of 答案　A　[詞義猜測(cè)題。聯(lián)系上下文可知該句大意是：他“利用”當(dāng)時(shí)很受歡迎的一些想法，做出了自己的設(shè)計(jì)方案。故drawing on有making use of之意。] 13．According to Howard, garden cities should be built________. A．a(chǎn)s far as possible from existing cities B．in the countryside where the land was cheap C．in the countryside where agriculture was developed D．near cities where employment opportunities already existed 答案　B　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句中的“to establish a garden city in the depressed countryside; far enough from existing cities to make sure that the land was bought at the bottom price.”，可知選B。] 14．What can we learn about garden cities from the last paragraph? A．Their number would continue to rise. B．Each one would continue to become larger. C．People would live and work in the same place. D．Each one would contain a certain type of business. 答案　A　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的最后兩句可知garden cities的數(shù)量將會(huì)持續(xù)增加。] 15．What could be the best title for the passage? A．City and Countryside B．The Invention of the Garden City C．A New City in Chicago D．A Famous Garden City in England 答案　B　[主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段Ebenezer Howard的經(jīng)歷和花園城市的最初構(gòu)想，第二段花園城市的設(shè)計(jì)背景，以及第三段對(duì)花園城市未來發(fā)展的暢想可知，本文的標(biāo)題為The Invention of the Garden City。] B “Reduce，reuse and recycle”，this popular environmental slogan tells us how to reduce the amount of rubbish that ends up in landfills. The slogan is being used to deal with one possibly dangerous form of electronic junk，such as old computers，cellphones，and televisions.But this process of managing ewaste may be used in an unscrupulous way more often than not，a recent report suggests. “Many of these materials are being sent to developing nations under the excuse for reuse—to bridge the digital divide，”said Richard Gutierrez，a policy researcher. One of the problems is that no one proves whether these old machines work before they hit the seaways.Because of this，the report says，ewaste is a growing problem in Lagos，Nigeria，and elsewhere in the developing world.Much of the waste ends up being thrown away along rivers and roads.Often its taken apart by poor people，who may face dangerous exposure to poisonous chemicals in the equipment. Tradesmen also pay workers a little money to get materials back such as gold and copper.This lowtech recovery process could expose workers and the local environment to many dangerous materials used to build electronics.According to Gutierrez，this shadow economy exists because the excuse for recycling and reusing electronics gives businessmen“a green passport” to ship waste around the globe.“Developing nations must take on some of the responsibility themselves，”Gutierrez said.But he added，“A greater part of this responsibility should fall on the exporting state.” China，for example，has become a dumping place for large amounts of ewaste.The nation is beginning to take action to stop the flow of dangerous materials across its borders.The Chinese government，after many years of denials，is finally beginning to take the lead. 【解題導(dǎo)語】 本文是一篇科普文。作者介紹了電子垃圾產(chǎn)品給發(fā)展中國家?guī)淼奈：捌洚a(chǎn)生的原因，并介紹了中國在這方面取得的成就。 16．The underlined word“unscrupulous” in the second paragraph most probably means “________”． A．efficient B．profitable C．unbelievable D．dishonest 答案　D　[詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中的“...under the excuse for reuse...”以及下文中這些電子垃圾給發(fā)展中國家?guī)淼奈：芍?，此處意為“不誠實(shí)的，不公正的”。] 17．What does the fourth paragraph mainly discuss? A．Old computers and TVs still work before they are sent abroad. B．Poor people break up ewaste to collect some valuable materials. C．A lot of ewaste is dumped in developing countries. D．The problem of ewaste is growing in developing countries. 答案　D　[主旨?xì)w納題。第四段主要介紹了電子垃圾給許多發(fā)展中國家造成的危害。] 18．According to what Gutierrez said，we can learn that ________. A．exporting countries should mainly be responsible for the ewaste problem B．neither developed nor developing countries should be blamed for the ewaste problem C．developing countries should be responsible for the ewaste problem D．developing countries should not be blamed for the ewaste problem 答案　A　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句“But he added，‘A greater part of this responsibility should fall on the exporting state.”可知，大部分責(zé)任應(yīng)該由出口國擔(dān)當(dāng)，故選A。] 19．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ________. A．China has hidden a large amount of ewaste in many secret places B．China has greatly changed its idea about the problem of ewaste C．China has prevented poisonous materials from entering China for a long time D．China is falling behind other countries in dealing with ewaste 答案　B　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，中國已經(jīng)改變了對(duì)電子垃圾產(chǎn)品問題的觀點(diǎn)，故選B。] 20．The passage mainly tells us that ________. A．developing countries are facing serious environmental problems B．ewaste is a growing problem in developed countries C．ewaste is sent to developing countries under the excuse for reuse D．developing countries are making full use of ewaste 答案　C　[主旨?xì)w納題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可判斷答案為C。] Ⅲ.寫作(滿分30分) 假如你是校報(bào)負(fù)責(zé)人，急需在學(xué)校內(nèi)聘一位同學(xué)任英文版的編輯，請(qǐng)你用英文以“An English Editor Wanted”為題，按照以下要點(diǎn)寫一則120～150字的招聘啟事。 1．描述主要的工作內(nèi)容； 2．希望該同學(xué)應(yīng)滿足的條件與要求； 3．感興趣的同學(xué)請(qǐng)?jiān)诒局軆?nèi)與學(xué)生會(huì)(Students Union)聯(lián)系。 An English Editor Wanted ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ The Students Union 【參考范文】 An English Editor Wanted Our school newspaper is looking for an editor for its English edition. The job mainly includes two parts: one is to choose proper English articles from other newspapers, magazines or the Internet for us students. The other is to pick out articles from students in our school and edit them for use. We hope that he/she could meet the following requirements. First, he/she is willing to devote some of the spare time to serving the others. Second, its necessary for him/her to be good at both English and fine art. Needless to say，the ability to use the computer is important as well. Those who are interested in the job, please get in touch with the Students Union this week. The_Students_Union 7