八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè) Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world教案 人教新目標(biāo)版.doc

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Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world? 教學(xué)目標(biāo)： 1語言目標(biāo)：掌握本單元重點(diǎn)詞匯及能用比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)談?wù)摳髦睢? 2 技能目標(biāo)：能聽懂和談?wù)撚嘘P(guān)地理和自然的話題。 3 情感目標(biāo)：培養(yǎng)學(xué)生熱愛大自然，保護(hù)環(huán)境的意識(shí)。 教學(xué)重點(diǎn)： 短語: in size, in the world, 2 meters tall/long/wide, the biggest population, one of the biggest, the most popular question, talk about, the ancient emperors, the main reason, as far as I know, no man-made objects, mountain climbing, the southwestern part of China, thick clouds, cover the top, risk one’s life, challenge oneself, achieve one’s dream，the forest of nature, try to do sth., the spirit of the climbers, many times more than ,live up to, prepare …for.., be awake, be special to sb., spend some time doing sth., in the remaining forest, endangered animals, in the future… 句子: What’s the highest mountain in the world? Qomolangma. How long is Qomolangma? It’s 8,844.43 meters high. It’s higher than any other mountain. Which is the deepest salt lake in the world? The Caspian Sea is the deepest of all the salt lake. Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world? Yes, I did. It’s much older than the US. 教學(xué)難點(diǎn)：形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)變化規(guī)則和用法。 物體之間的對(duì)比。 課時(shí)劃分： Period 1 Section A 1 1a – 2d Period 2 Section A 2 3a-3c Period 3 Section A 3 Grammar focus-4c Period 4 Section B 1 1a-2e Period 5 Section B 2 3a-Self check Section A 1 (1a – 2d) Step 1 Presentation 1. New words: square n. 平方 meter n. 米 deep adj. 深的 desert n. 沙漠 population n. 人口 population n. 人口 Asia n. 亞洲 tour v. n. 旅行 tourist n. 旅行者 wall n. 墻 amazing adj. 令人大為驚奇的 ancient adj. 古代的 wide adj. 寬的；寬闊和 2. Show some pictures and information of the highest mountain, the longest river, the biggest river, the biggest lake and the biggest desert in the world. Step 2 Warming up 1. Watch the photos and talk about them “How big/high/long/big is …?’ and help the students to answer: It’s …meters/kilometers/cm big/high/long/big. 2. Look these photos and practice the dialogue: e.g. A: How high is Qomolangma? B: It’s 8,844.43 meters high. Step 3 1a Match the facts you know. Qomolangma about 9,600,000 square kilometers in size The Sahara 1,025 meters deep The Caspian Sea 6,671 kilometers long The Nile 8,844.43 meters high Step 4 Explanation …8,844.43 meters high. 8,844.43米高 … meters high (long, wide…) ……米高（長(zhǎng),寬……)。 英語表示“有多長(zhǎng)（寬，高……）”時(shí)，一般將數(shù)詞和數(shù)量單位放在表示長(zhǎng)寬高的形容詞前作狀語。 e.g. The wall is 1.7 metres wide. Step 5 Practice in pairs using the information in 1a. 1. A: Which is the highest mountain in the world? B: It’s Qomolangma. 2. A: How high is Qomolangma? B: It’s 8,844.43 meters high. Step 6 Listening 1. 1b Listen and plete the sentences. 1) Qomolangma is ______ than any other mountain in the world. 2) The Sahara is ____________ desert in the world. 3) The Caspian Sea is ____________ of all the salt lakes. 4) The Nile is _________ river in the world. 2. 2a Listen and number the facts (1- 4) in the order you hear them. 2b Listen again and fill in the blanks in 2a with the numbers in the box. 6,300 5,000 5,464 300 ___ The Yangtze River is about ____ kilometers long and the Yellow River is ___ kilometers long. ___ China has the biggest population in the world. It’s a lot bigger than the population of the US. ___ China is over ___ years old. It has a much longer history than the US. The US is not even ___ years old. ___ China is almost as big as the US, but it is the biggest country in Asia. Step 7 Practice 2c Make conversations in pairs. Examples A: Did you know that China if one of the oldest countries in the world? B: Yes, I did. It’s much older than my country. Step 8 2d 1. Read the conversation and answer the questions: 1) Which is the biggest man-made object in the world？ 2) Which is the most famous part of the Ming Great Wall? 2. Role-play the conversation. Step 9 Language points and summary 1. China has the biggest population in the world. 中國(guó)是世界人口最多的國(guó)家。 population意為“人口”時(shí)，是一個(gè)集合名詞。它在句中作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)形式。其常用句型為“The population of +某地+ is + 數(shù)詞”或“某地+ has a population of + 數(shù)詞”，表示“某地有多少人口”。如： The population of my city is three million. ◆ 當(dāng)表示人口“多”或“少”時(shí)，常用形容詞large，big或small修飾population。如： The town has a large / big / small population. ◆ 當(dāng)對(duì)人口數(shù)量進(jìn)行提問時(shí)，要用疑問詞what 或 how large。如： What / How large is the population of your country? 【運(yùn)用】完成句子，每空一詞。 (1) 這個(gè)國(guó)家人口少。 The country ___ _ _____ _________. (2) 我的家鄉(xiāng)有100萬人口。 My hometown ___ _ _________ __ one million. (3) 北京有多少人口？ _____ __ ___ _________ __ Beijing? 2. Feel free to ask me anything on today’s Great Wall tour. 在今天的長(zhǎng)城游中，大家盡管問我任何問題，不要拘束。 feel free是英語口語中一個(gè)常用表達(dá)。若有人讓你feel free to do something, 就是讓你無需拘束，只管按照自己的意愿去做某事。 e.g. A: Can I use your bathroom? 我可以用一下你的衛(wèi)生間嗎？ B: Yes, feel free. 可以，請(qǐng)隨意。 3. As far as I know, there are no other man-made objects as big as this. 據(jù)我所知，再?zèng)]有像它這樣大的人造物體了。 1) as far as I know是一個(gè)固定的表達(dá)方式，還可以說so far as I know, 意思是“據(jù)我所知”。 e.g. As far as I know, Jack’s got twin sisters. 就我所知，杰克有一對(duì)孿生姐妹。 They’re not ing today, so far as I know. 他們今天不來了– 就我所知是這樣的。 2) 句中man-made是一個(gè)合 成形容詞，意為“人造的”。像這樣與-made復(fù)合而成的形容詞不止一個(gè)。用以描述產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)或制造手段，特點(diǎn)等，常見的有： handmade—手工制作的 homemade—家庭制作的 machine-made—機(jī)制的 tailor-made—量體定制的；特制的；定做的 甚至還有像self-made (自學(xué)而成的；自我奮斗而成的；天然形成的)可以用來描述人。 Step 10 Exercises Step 11 Homework 1. Memorize the important phrases and sentences. 2. Make some dialogues about asking the size of objects. Section A 2 (3a – 3c) Step 1 Revision Look at the photos. Answer the following questions. Which is the highest mountain in the world? Which is the longest river in Asia? … Step 2 Learn the new words. 1. achievement n. 成就；成績(jī) e.g. We felt a great sense of achievement when we reached the top of the mountain. 當(dāng)我們到達(dá)山頂?shù)臅r(shí)候，我們有一種巨大的成就感。 2. achieve v. 達(dá)到；完成；成功 e.g. He will never achieve anything if he doesn’t work hard. 如果他不加緊努力工作，他會(huì)一事無成。 3. southwestern adj. 西南的；西南方向的 4. include v. 包含；包括 e.g. Her hobbies include swimming and gardening. 她愛好游泳和園藝。 5. condition n. 條件；狀況 e.g. The piano was in good condition. 這臺(tái)鋼琴狀況良好。 6. take in 吸入；容納 e.g. Fish take in oxygen through their gills. 魚用鰓吸氧氣。 7. challenge v. & n. 挑戰(zhàn)；考驗(yàn) e.g. The job doesn’t really challenge him. 這項(xiàng)工作不能真正的考驗(yàn)他。 The new government’s first challenge is the economy. 新政府面臨的第一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)是經(jīng)濟(jì)問題。 8. in the face of 面對(duì)（困難、問題等） e.g. In the face of difficulties, he’s pletely unafraid. 他在困難面前毫不膽怯。 9. force n. 力；力量 e.g. The thief took the money from the old man by force. 竊賊用暴力搶了老人的錢。 Step 3 Pre-Read Talk below questions in pairs. What do you know about Qomolangma? Is Qomolangma the most dangerous mountain in the world？ Step 4 Reading Read the article by yourself and find the following phrases. 1.最危險(xiǎn)的山峰 2.世界上最危險(xiǎn)的運(yùn)動(dòng)之一 3.登山（名詞短語）/（動(dòng)詞短語） 4.來自世界各地的登山者 5.橫亙于中國(guó)的西南邊界 6.在所有的山峰中 7.厚厚的云層 8.更為嚴(yán)重的困難 9.寒冷的天氣狀況和強(qiáng)勁的暴風(fēng)雪 10.首次到達(dá)珠穆朗瑪峰頂?shù)娜? Answers: 1. the most dangerous mountain 2. one of the world’s most dangerous sports 3. mountain climbing/climb mountains 4. the climbers from all over the world 5. run along the southwestern part of China 6. of all the mountains 7. thick clouds 8. more serious difficulties 9. freezing weather conditions and heavy storms 10. the first people to reach the top of Qomolangma 3a Read the article and match each paragraph with the main ideas. Paragraph 1 spirit of climbers Paragraph 2 achievements of climbers Paragraph 3 facts and dangers 3b. Read the article again and plete the chart. Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2 Paragraph 3 List tour dangers for climbers. List three achievements List tour parisons thick clouds 1953—Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary were the first to reach the top Most dangerous sport snow can fall very hard freezing weather conditions heavy storms The first Chinese team reached the top in 1960. The first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975. People can challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. Never give up trying to achieve our dream. Humans can be stronger than the forces of nature. 3c Answer the questions using information in the article. 1. Where are the Himalayas? In the southwestern part of China. 2. How high is Qomolangma? 8,844.43 meters high. 3. Why do so many people try to climb this mountain even though it is dangerous? Because they want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. 4. What does the spirit of the climbers tell us? We should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. According to the passage, fill in the blanks. One of the most ___________ sports in the world is mountain _________, and one of the most _________ places to go for this is the Himalayas. These extremely high _______ attract _________ from all over the world. Many people say this is one of the most ________ parts of the world. The Himalayas _______ along the ____________ border of china. Of all the peaks (tops), Qomolangma is the _________ and most _________. It’s _____________ to climb Qomolangma because thick clouds _______ the top of the mountain. Even more serious ___________ include the freezing ___________ conditions and the _______ storms. The first _________ to reach the top of Qomolangma – Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary – did it in 1953. The first Chinese climber __________ the top in 1960, and in 1975, the first __________ did it too. Answers: dangerous, climbing, popular, risks, climbers, famous, runs, southwestern, highest, famous, the hardest, cover, difficulties, weather, heavy, people, reached, woman Step 5 Language points 1. One of the world’s most dangerous sports is mountain climbing, … “one of + the + 形容詞的最高級(jí) + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞”，意為“最……之一”。如： Miss Wang is one of the most popular teachers in our school. 王老師是我們學(xué)校最受歡迎的老師之一。 2. Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. 1) Difficulty既可作可數(shù)名詞也可作不可數(shù)名詞，在此用作可數(shù)名詞。做可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，difficulty常用作復(fù)數(shù)，表示具體概念，即：各種各樣的“困難; 難事; 難題”。例如： People learning a new language may face some difficulties. 人們學(xué)習(xí)一門新的語言時(shí)可能會(huì)遇到一些困難。 作不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，difficulty可譯作“困難；艱難；辛苦；費(fèi)勁”，例如： He had great difficulty in finding a new job. 他找新的工作費(fèi)了很大勁。 We found the house without difficulty. 我們輕而易舉的找到了那座房子。 2) include表示“包括；包含”，是一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞。例如： Does your price of the bike include this light? 你們的車價(jià)包含這盞車燈嗎？ 3. It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. It is + adj. + to do sth.， it作形式主語放在句首，而把真正的主語放在句尾。常用于此句型的形容詞有important， difficult， dangerous， necessary， useful， possible等，用來對(duì)to do sth. 進(jìn)行說明。此句型可以轉(zhuǎn)換成To do sth. is + adj.。 e.g. It is important to study English well. 學(xué)好英語很重要。 It’s very difficult to climb Qomolangma. 攀登珠穆朗瑪峰很難。 4. The first Chinese team did so in 1960, while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975. succeed作動(dòng)詞，意為“實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)；成功”，succeed in doing sth.意為“成功地做某事”。如： The climber succeeded in reaching the top of the mountain. 登山者成功登到了山頂。 5. The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. 1) give up意為“放棄”，后面可以接名詞、代詞或v-ing形式作賓語。 注意：如果其賓語是名詞，那么名詞可以放在give和up之間，也可以放在 up之后；如果其賓語是代詞，那么代詞只能放在 give和up之間。如： My uncle wants to give up drinking wine. 我叔叔想戒酒。 Although English isn’t easy to learn, I won’t give it up. 雖然英語不易學(xué)，但我不會(huì)放棄。 2) achieve our dream相當(dāng)于make our dreams e true。 6. Why do so many people try to climb this mountain even though it is dangerous? even though 用作從屬連詞，意為“即使；盡管”，相當(dāng)于even if，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，一般不與并列連詞but連用。如： Mr. Wang will e on time even though it rains. 盡管下雨，但王老師會(huì)按時(shí)來。 Step 6 Exercises 根據(jù)句意及所給漢語提示，寫出句中所缺單詞。 1. We try to celebrate the ____________ (成就) of those great scientists. 2. He wanted to reach the top of the mountain and he _________ (成功). 3. I have a small house. It _________ (包括) a bedroom, a kitchen and a bathroom. 4. You should work hard to _________ (實(shí)現(xiàn)) your dream. 5. If you go to the poor village, you will be shocked by the living _________ (條件). Step 7 Homework Retell the article, and then preview the Grammar focus. Section A 3 (Grammar focus - 4c) Step 1 Revision Ask the Ss to retell the article. Step 2 Grammar focus — What’s the highest mountain in the world? — Qomolangma. — How high is Qomolangma? — It’s 8,844.43 meters high. It’s higher than any other mountain. — Which is the deepest salt lake in the world? — The Caspian Sea is the deepest of all the salt lakes. — Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world? — Yes, I did. It’s much older than the US. Step 3 Grammar 我們已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)過形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成及基本用法。下面我們進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)與其相關(guān)的其他知識(shí)點(diǎn)。 ◆形容詞和副詞比較級(jí)的修飾語 1. 比較級(jí)前可加much, a lot, a bit, a little, any, no, some, even, still等詞修飾。如： You must work much faster. You look a lot happier than you did yesterday. He was too tired to walk any further. This book is even more useful than that one. 2. 比較級(jí)前還可加其他表示數(shù)量的詞。如： My sister is ten years younger than me. We reached here two days earlier than the others. ◆形容詞和副詞最高級(jí)的其他用法 1. 形容詞最高級(jí)可被second, third等序數(shù)詞修飾。如： The building is the second tallest in this city. 2. 形容詞最高級(jí)常用于句型“one of +the+形容詞最高級(jí) + 可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式”，意為“最……之一”。如： Liu Li is one of the most popular girls in our class. 3. 形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)可以互相轉(zhuǎn)換。如： Jane is taller than the other girls / any other girl in the club. = Jane is the tallest girl in the club. This car runs faster than the other ones / any other one in the garage. = This car runs the fastest of all the cars in the garage. Step 4 中考鏈接 1. 比較級(jí)考點(diǎn) ① 比較級(jí)修飾問題 a little, a bit, even, still, much, a lot, far 等可修飾比較級(jí)。 e.g. Tom is a little taller than Jim. This book is much more interesting than that one. ② the + 比較級(jí) e.g. Lucy is the fatter of the two girls. ③“a/an + 比較級(jí)”表示“又一，再一” e.g. Lily has a doll, but she wantsa bigger one. ④隱性比較（沒有than的情況） e.g. Who runs faster, Lucy or Lily? You’d better e earlier next time. He worked hard last term, but he works even harder this term. ⑤越來越...... a. 比較級(jí) + and + 比較級(jí) b. the + 比較級(jí) + 句子，the + 比較級(jí) + 句子 e.g. It’s getting colder and colder. The more you exercise, the better you are. 2. 最高級(jí)考點(diǎn) 說明：形容詞的最高級(jí)前必須加the; 副詞的最高級(jí)前省略the。 ① 范圍問題 e.g. Tom is the tallest student in the class. Spring is the best season of the year. ② “......之一”問題 e.g. Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world. ③ “the + 序數(shù)詞 + 最高級(jí)” e.g. I think he is the second tallest boy in his class. 3. 比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的轉(zhuǎn)換 e.g. Tom is the tallest student in the class. = Tom is taller than any other student in the class. = Tom is taller than all the other students in the class. = No other students are taller than Tom. 同級(jí)比較 ① as + adj./adv. + as e.g. She is as thin as Lily. He writes as carefully as Linda. ② not + as/so + adj./adv. + as e.g. Tony didnt run so fast as Carter Step 5 Practice 1. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box. big much popular long old high 1) The Amazon River is one of the _______ rivers in the world. It’s a little _______ than the Yangtze River. 2) Qomolangma is 8,844.43 meters _____. It’s one of the most ________ places for serious mountain climbers. 3) No ocean in the world is as _____ as the Pacific Ocean. 4) Although Japan is _______ than Canada, it is _______ smaller. 2. Write two parisons about two topics. Write true facts. e.g. Two rivers: the Yangtze River and the Amazon River The Yangtze River is almost as long as the Amazon River. The Amazon is longer than the Yangtze, but the Yangtze River is the longest river in China. Two cities: ___________ and ___________ 1. _______________________________________________________________. 2. _______________________________________________________________. Two animals: ___________ and ___________ 1. ______________________________________________________________. 2. ______________________________________________________________. 3. Write five questions using parisons. Then ask your partner your questions. 1) What is the highest building in our city? 2) What is the busiest subway station in out city? 3) What is the largest shopping mall in our city? 4) Which is the biggest park in our city? 5) Which is the longest road in our city? Step 5 Exercises Step 6 Homework 1. Memorize the important structure. 2. Make some sentences using as … as,... times … than, less than, more than. Section B 1 (1a-2e) Step 1 New words 1. weigh v. 稱重 2. adult n. 成人 adj. 成年的 3. bamboo n. 竹子 4. endangered adj. 瀕危的 5. research n.&v. 調(diào)查；研究 6. keeper n. 飼養(yǎng)員 7. awake adj. 醒著 8. excitement n. 激動(dòng) 9. illness n. 疾病 10. artwork n. 插圖 11. wild adj. 野生的 12. government n. 政府 Step 2 Discussion 1. pare facts about these two animals. Use the language in the box to help you make sentences. e.g. This elephant weighs many times more than this panda. (200 cm taller/shorter, weigh much more/less, eat much more/less, eat many times more) 2. Discuss in pairs. pare the panda and the elephant. 3. Do 1a.Make more sentences using the information in 1a. Step 3 Listening 1. 1b Listen and check (√) the numbers you hear. 1c Listen again and plete the sentences. 2. Practice. Take turns telling your classmates about pandas. A: A baby panda can not see. B: An adult panda weighs many times more than a baby panda. Step 4 Reading 1. Pre-reading Talk about panda in your class. Use these words to help you. big, bamboo, zoo, popular, cute, black and white, Sichuan, famous, endangered, beautiful, forest, protect, 2. Reading tasks 2b Scan the article to find out what these numbers mean: 10, 12, 300, 2000 2c Read the article again and write short answers to the questions. 1. What is Lin Wei’s job? 2. What do the baby pandas eat for breakfast? 3. Why are pandas endangered? 4. What does the education program in Chengdu do? 5. Why are scientists doing research? 3. Post-reading 2d plete the sentences using words and phrases from the passage. 1. The panda _______ at the Chengdu Research Base are awake very early in the morning to _______ breakfast for the baby pandas. 2. In _______, pandas have bee so _________ that they are now a symbol of China. 3. Adult pandas do not have babies very _____, and some of the babies only live for a short time because of ________. 4. A special program in Chengdu teaches ________ about why pandas are ___________. 5. The Chinese government is helping to _____ the pandas. Scientists also want to better __________ the habits of pandas. 以下是一只熊貓寶寶的自述，請(qǐng)根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容填空，每空不超過三個(gè)詞。 Hello, everyone! Wele to the Chengdu Research Base. I’m a baby panda. My name is Lingling. It’s 9:00 a.m. now and most of the babies including me are awake and hungry. Look, the keepers are ing with our breakfast — (1) ______. How excited we are! Lin Wei is one of our keepers and she takes good care of us. Unluckily, we pandas are in great danger now. Mother pandas maybe have one baby (2) _____________. And we baby pandas often die from illnesses. Also, we don’t have enough food because humans (3) ________________. But I know many people have realized it. An education program in Chengdu teaches children about us and other endangered wild animals. And the Chinese government is trying hard to help (4) ______ us. Scientists are doing research to better understand our (5) _______. I believe, with your help, my family will bee larger and larger. 2e Discuss what other ways you think children can help to save the pandas. Step 5 Language points 1. At birth, a baby panda is about… birth v. 出生 at birth 出生時(shí) e.g. Man’s natureat birthis good. 人之初，性本善。 give birth to… 生（孩子）；產(chǎn)生 e.g. My auntgave birth toa beautiful baby girl yesterday. 昨天我嬸嬸生下一個(gè)漂亮的小女孩。 2. A panda can live up to 20 to 30 years. up to 到達(dá)（數(shù)量，程度等）；不多于 e.g. In some area of Africa, children get educated up to 12 years old. 在非洲的一些地區(qū)，孩子最多受教育到12歲。 3. Panda keepers are preparing milk for