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(2007屆)
本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(論文)
題 目
學(xué) 院、系:
機(jī)械工程學(xué)院
專 業(yè):
機(jī)械設(shè)計制造及其自動化
學(xué) 生 姓 名:
班 級:
學(xué)號
指導(dǎo)教師姓名:
職稱
最終評定成績
2007 年 5月
本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(論文)
ZXK-7532數(shù)控立式鉆銑床主運(yùn)動、進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)及控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計
院 (系):機(jī)械工程學(xué)院
專 業(yè):機(jī)械設(shè)計制造及其自動化
學(xué) 號:
學(xué)生姓名:
指導(dǎo)教師:
2007 年 5月
湖南工業(yè)大學(xué)本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(論文)
摘 要
數(shù)控機(jī)床即數(shù)字程序控制機(jī)床,是一種自動化機(jī)床,數(shù)控技術(shù)是數(shù)控機(jī)床研究的核心,是制造業(yè)實現(xiàn)自動化、網(wǎng)絡(luò)化、柔性化、集成化的基礎(chǔ)。隨著制造技術(shù)的發(fā)展,現(xiàn)代數(shù)控機(jī)床借助現(xiàn)代設(shè)計技術(shù)、工序集約化和新的功能部件使機(jī)床的加工范圍、動態(tài)性能、加工精度和可靠性有了極大的提高。
本次設(shè)計通過對現(xiàn)有數(shù)控鉆銑床的分析研究,提出一種新的設(shè)計方案,其自動化程度更高,結(jié)構(gòu)也相對比較簡單。這一點(diǎn)在論文會得以體現(xiàn)。本方案中,主軸箱采用電磁離合器實現(xiàn)有級變速,在X、Y、Z三個方向上的進(jìn)給運(yùn)動均采用滾珠絲桿,而動力則由步進(jìn)電動機(jī)通過調(diào)隙齒輪來傳遞,并且采用單片機(jī)進(jìn)行數(shù)字控制。
控制系統(tǒng)采用MCS-51系列單片機(jī),通過擴(kuò)展程序存儲器、數(shù)據(jù)存儲器和I/O接口實現(xiàn)硬件電路的設(shè)計。論文中也對軟件系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計做出了相關(guān)說明。
關(guān)鍵詞:數(shù)控技術(shù) 滾珠絲桿 步進(jìn)電機(jī) 單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)擴(kuò)展
湖南工業(yè)大學(xué)本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(論文)
ABSTRACT
The numerical control engine bed is the digital process control engine bed, is one kind of automated engine bed, the numerical control technology is the core which the numerical control engine bed studies, is the manufacturing industry realization automation, the network, the flexibility, the integrated foundation. Along with the manufacture technology development, the modern numerical control engine bed with the aid of the modern design technology, the working procedure intensification and the new function part caused the engine bed the processing scope, the dynamic performance, the processing precision and the reliability had the enormous enhancement .
This design tries a new method after the analyze and research of the exited numerical control bed for mill and bore with the higher automatization degrees and the simpler configuration, which will be explained in the paper. In the method, electromagnetism clutch is used for the realization of the level shift in the headstock, and in the motion of , we all adopt ball bearing thread haulm for the X、Y、Z direction ,The power of which is step by step electromotor transferred by gear that used for adjusting gaps. And more, we used singlechip for numerical control.
The control system introduces MCS-51 series singlechip, and the realization of hardware circuit was accomplished by enlarging program memorizer、data memorizer and I/O meet meatus. Also, the paper explained the design for software system.
Keywords: Numerical control technology、Ball bearing thread haulm、
The step by step electromotor、The enlarge for SCM system
湖南工業(yè)大學(xué)本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(論文)
目 錄
第1章 機(jī)床總體布局設(shè)計................................................1
1.1機(jī)床總體尺寸參數(shù)的選定...........................................1
1.2機(jī)床主要部件及其運(yùn)動方式的選定.................................1
1.2.1 主運(yùn)動的實現(xiàn)..............................................1
1.2.2 進(jìn)給運(yùn)動的實現(xiàn)..............................................1
1.2.3 數(shù)字控制的實現(xiàn)..............................................1
1.2.4 機(jī)床其它零部件的選擇..........................................1
1.3機(jī)床總體布局的確定 ...........................................2
第2章 主運(yùn)動的設(shè)計................................................3
2.1議定轉(zhuǎn)速圖.....................................................3
2.1.1確定結(jié)構(gòu)式和結(jié)構(gòu)網(wǎng)式........................................3
2.1.2擬定轉(zhuǎn)速圖...............................................4
2.1.3確定各齒輪的齒數(shù)........................................5
2.1.4傳動系統(tǒng)圖的擬定..............................................7
2.2主傳動主要零件的強(qiáng)度計算.........................................8
2.2.1電動機(jī)的選擇...............................................8
2.2.2齒輪傳動的設(shè)計計算........................................9
2.3軸的設(shè)計計算................................................12
2.3.1各傳動軸軸徑的估算........................................12
2.3.2各軸段長度值的確定........................................14
2.3.3軸的剛度與強(qiáng)度校核........................................14
2.4離合器的選用 ...............................................27
第3章 進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計計算 .................................27
3.1垂直進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計計算 .........................................27
3.1.1脈沖當(dāng)量和傳動比的確定.....................................28
3.1.2滾珠絲杠設(shè)計計算............................................29
3.1.3步進(jìn)電機(jī)的選擇............................................33
3.1.4滾珠絲桿副的預(yù)緊方式.....................................34
3.1.5齒輪傳動消隙............................................35
3.2橫向進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計計算.........................................35
3.2.1脈沖當(dāng)量和傳動比的確定.....................................35
3.2.2滾珠絲杠設(shè)計計算............................................37
3.2.3步進(jìn)電機(jī)的選擇............................................38
第4章 控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計............................................39
4.1控制系統(tǒng)總體方案的擬定...........................................39
4.2總控制系統(tǒng)硬件電路設(shè)計 ...................................40
4.2.1單片機(jī)的設(shè)計...............................................40
4.2.2系統(tǒng)的擴(kuò)展...............................................43
4.2.3鍵盤、顯示器接口設(shè)計........................................48
4.2.4步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制電路設(shè)計........................................50
4.2.5光電隔離電路設(shè)計........................................53
4.2.6其它接口電路的設(shè)計........................................54
4.3部分控制程序 ............................................54
4.3.1直線圓弧插補(bǔ)程序設(shè)計 ....................................54
4.3.2直線插補(bǔ)程序.................................................54
4.3.3圓弧插補(bǔ)程序設(shè)計.............................................55
4.4控制系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計.............................................59
4.4.1步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制程序設(shè)計 ........................................59
4.4.2 LED動態(tài)顯示接口程序設(shè)計......................................61
結(jié)論 .............................................................64
致謝 .............................................................65
參考文獻(xiàn) ........................................................66
科技譯文.............................................................
實習(xí)報告 .............................................................