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Unit 1 A land of diversity 課下作業(yè)（一~三） 課下作業(yè)（一） 考點(diǎn)過關(guān)針對練 Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．In the meantime, mobile online shopping market was booming (處于迅速發(fā)展時(shí)期) in China, with an annual growth rate of 63.5%. 2．Its thoughtful (體貼的) of Suzy to plan everything well before the event. 3．I was really upset to find that such a thing should have occurred (發(fā)生) in your shop. 4．As hiring (雇用) has bee more global, both for employers and candidates, video interviewing is a way to speed up the interview process. 5．Today an airplane is used sometimes as a means (方法；手段) of advertising. 6．We have never doubted of the success of our reform (改革)． 7．Whenever it is, we should keep a thankful (感激的) heart towards everything existed. 8．Despite (盡管) his frequent absence, Bruce managed to keep up with his studies. 9．Grasp (抓住) the main idea of the text, and you will be able to answer the question. 10．A strong man will bear hardship (困苦) without plaining. Ⅱ.語境語法填空 1．Ma Xianfu ?was_elected (elect) as head of township in 1987. To lead the villagers to get rich, he even had hairs ?shaved (shave) off to show his determination. He was one of those who first ?grasped (grasp) the countrys policy of opening up to the outside world. By ?reforming (reform) the management system, the local panies were ?booming (boom). Unfortunately, an accident ?occurred (occur)．One day, he ?slipped (slip) on the icy road, and then a car ran him over. People from all sides gathered ?to_mourn (mourn) the outstanding leader. After his death, many panies began to slide, ?hiring (hire) fewer and fewer workers. The story ?indicates (indicate) that a good leader plays a vital role in local economic development. 2．It is a shop that keeps running well ?by means of creative ideas and concepts. Among the customers, they find, women, especially those with babies, are ?in the majority. So recently they have marked ?out an area in their shop where ?a great many kids can stay with their parents to play. This idea has turned out to be good; many people are thankful ?to this shop. Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子 1．鎮(zhèn)上的大多數(shù)人都大力支持為孩子們建造運(yùn)動(dòng)場的計(jì)劃。(majority) The_majority_of_people_in_the_town_strongly_support the plan to build a playground for children. 2．他的態(tài)度表明他對你的所作所為很不高興。(indicate) His_attitude_indicates_that he is not very happy with what you are doing. 3．不要被許諾讓你快速減肥的產(chǎn)品欺騙了。(take in) Dont_be_taken_in by products promising to make you lose weight quickly. 4．靠那樣微薄的一份工資他難以維持生活。(make a life) Its hard for him to make_a_life_with_that_little_salary. 5．我獲悉了你對英語校報(bào)的改革方案，那就是我寫信發(fā)表觀點(diǎn)的原因。(why引導(dǎo)的表語從句) I read about your reform of the school English newspaper, and thats_why_Im_writing_to_voice_my_opinion. Ⅳ.語境辨義 根據(jù)語境選出grasp的詞性和詞義 (A)vt.明白；領(lǐng)會(huì)　　　　　　 (B)vt.抓住(機(jī)會(huì)) (C)n.掌握；控制 (D)vt.抓緊 1．I am not afraid of making mistakes and I grasp every opportunity to improve myself.__B__ 2．He grasped my hand and shook it warmly.__D__ 3．It took him some time to grasp that he was now a public figure.__A__ 4．Dont let the situation escape from your grasp.__C__ 課下作業(yè)（二） 話題閱讀培優(yōu)練 Ⅰ.根據(jù)提示填空 Abraham Lincoln was born in a log cabin in Kentucky on February 12, 1809. When he was a small boy, his family moved to the frontier of Indiana. Here, his mother taught him ?to_read (read) and write. Lincoln had very little formal education, but he became one of the ?educated (educate) men of the Great West. When Lincoln was a young man his family moved to the new state of Illinois. Lincoln had to ?earn_a_living (謀生) at an early age, but in his leisure time he studied law. He soon became one of the ?bestknown (最出名的) lawyers in the state capital at Springfield, Illinois. It was here that Lincoln became famous for his debates with Stephen A. Douglas on the subject of ?slavery (slave)． In 1860, Lincoln ? was_elected (elect) President of the United States. He was the candidate of the new Republican Party. This party opposed the ?creation (create) of new slave states. Soon after his election, some of the Southern states withdrew from the Union and ? set_up (建立) the Confederate States of America. This action brought on the terrible Civil War which lasted from 1861 to 1865. Ⅱ.片段選詞填空 live， religious purposes， the European mainland， build， defeat， intelligent， great work， stand Scholars do not know when the first people arrived in what is now Britain.But they do know that there were people ?living on the British Isles about 10,000 years ago.Scientists believe that the sea was lower at that time, and what is now the island of Great Britain was part of ?the_European_mainland. These people of the British Isles ?built large monuments with stones.Scholars believe they built the monuments for ?religious_purposes or as astronomical calendar.The most famous among the monuments, called Stonehenge，was built more than 3,000 years ago, and now still ?stands near Salisury.This huge monument tells us that these people were quite ?intelligent and skilful, and they knew how to organize themselves to do ?great_work together. Then about 700BC，the Celts came across the channel to the British Isles.The Celts were a great people who lived in much of western and central Europe at the time.They ?defeated the natives of the island and made them members of their tribes. 課下作業(yè)（三） 高考語篇提能練 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 (2019石家莊模擬考試)You dont have to be a fan of math to get excited about Pi (“π”) Day.While the event may start with some calculations, it is more than likely to conclude with a slice or two of delicious pie.The holiday is held every March 14, because “π” is widely recognized as 3.14. The tradition of honoring “π” began at San Franciscos Exploratorium museum.On March 14, 1988, physicist Larry Shaw convinced his colleagues to mark the day by marching around one of the museums circular spaces and consuming fruit pies.The celebration was made official in 2009 when the U．S.House of Representatives set aside March 14 as Pi Day. Today, Pi Day is observed in many creative ways. Students at the California Institute of Technology in Los Angeles host a pieeating event, which begins at 1：59 a．m.and features 26 pies, each of five different flavors.Though that might seem random, the date (3.14), time (159), number of pies (26), and number of varieties (5) recreate the first nine digits of “π”：3.14159265! Students applying for the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge eagerly wait for the day every year to find out if they have been accepted.However, instead of sending out the offers at 3：14 p．m., the institution waits till 6：28 p．m.6.28 is referred to as “tau”， which is “π” multiplied by 2.The number is believed to be much more reliable than “π” by some experts and even has its own celebration on June 28.Since 2017, MIT has also used Pi Day as a fundraiser to support its students, departments and programs. This day is also Albert Einsteins birthday, so the town of Princeton, New Jersey, where Einstein lived until his death in 1955, celebrates the occasion with multiday festivities that end on March 14.Visitors can participate in concerts, shows, as well as pieeating, pirecitation, and Einsteinlookalike contests. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了圓周率日的起源、發(fā)展和各地的慶賀活動(dòng)。 1．Where was Pi Day originally celebrated? A．In San Francisco.　　　　 B．In Los Angeles. C．In Cambridge. D．In Princeton. 解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“The tradition of honoring ‘π’ began at San Franciscos Exploratorium museum.”可知，該傳統(tǒng)開始于美國舊金山探索館，故A項(xiàng)正確。 2．When was Pi Day made an official holiday? A．In 1955. B．In 1988. C．In 2009. D．In 2017. 解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“The celebration was made official in 2009 when the U．S.House of Representatives set aside March 14 as Pi Day.”可知，2009年，美國眾議院正式將3月14日定為圓周率日，故C項(xiàng)正確。 3．What does MIT do on Pi Day according to the passage? A．Inform applicants of application results. B．Conduct a calculating test. C．Organize a march around the campus. D．Make desserts of different flavors. 解析：選A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第一句可知，每年申請麻省理工學(xué)院(MIT)的學(xué)生們急切地等待著這一天，想要知道他們是否被錄取。據(jù)此可知，麻省理工學(xué)院在這一天告知申請者申請結(jié)果，故A項(xiàng)正確。 4．Whats the authors purpose in writing the text? A．To advise. B．To make an introduction. C．To argue. D．To give an explanation. 解析：選B　寫作意圖題。通讀全文可知，本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了圓周率日的起源、發(fā)展和各地的慶賀活動(dòng)。故B項(xiàng)正確。 Ⅱ.閱讀七選五 (2019陜西質(zhì)檢二)Americans use many expressions with the word “dog”. People in the United States love their dogs and treat them well. __1__ However, if a person lives an unhappy life, they say that person leads a dogs life. Some people say we live in a dogeatdog world. __2__ They say that to be successful, a person has to work like a dog. This means they have to work very hard. This can make people dogtired. And, the situation would be even worse if they became sick as a dog. __3__ This means that every person enjoys a successful period during his or her life. To be successful, people often have to learn new skills. Yet, some people say that you can never teach an old dog new tricks. They believe that older people do not like to learn new things. __4__ People who are unkind can be described as a junkyard dog. Junkyard dogs live in waste yards. They bark or attack people who try to approach their property. Dog expressions are also used to describe the weather. The dog days of summer are the hottest days of the year. A rainstorm may cool the weather. __5__ We do not want it to rain cats and dogs. A．Still, people say every dog has its day. B．But we do not want it to rain too hard. C．Some people are pared to dogs in bad ways. D．Dogs are their best friends and they are loyal to people. E．There are many other expressions waiting for you to explore. F．That means many people are peting for the same things. G．They take their dogs for walks, and give them good food and medical care. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了美國人使用許多關(guān)于“狗”這個(gè)詞的表達(dá)及其具體例子。 1．選G　空前說美國人愛狗，善待狗，而G項(xiàng)說他們帶著他們的狗散步，給它們良好的食物和醫(yī)療照顧，是對上文的具體描述，符合邏輯，故選G。 2．選F　空前說有些人說我們生活在一個(gè)自相殘殺的世界，而F項(xiàng)意思是“許多人在競爭同樣的東西”，前后語義銜接，其中a dogeatdog world與peting for相呼應(yīng)，故選F。 3選A　空后意思是“每個(gè)人在各自的生活中都有一段成功的時(shí)期”，而A項(xiàng)說盡管如此，人們還是認(rèn)為人人皆有得意時(shí)，是對下文的概括，其中a successful period與every dog has its day相呼應(yīng)，故選A。 4．選C　空后說不友好的人可以被描述成垃圾狗，而C項(xiàng)說有些人以某種壞的方式被比作狗，前后邏輯一致，其中空后是對C項(xiàng)的具體描述，故選C。 5．選B　空前說暴風(fēng)雨可能使天氣涼爽，而B項(xiàng)說但是我們不希望雨下得太大。前后形成轉(zhuǎn)折，且rain too hard與rain cats and dogs相呼應(yīng)，故選B。 Ⅲ.語法填空 Visiting Xian was once my dream.It became a reality when I was admitted to a training course in China along with two other __1__ (lady)．Finally, the day arrived __2__ I landed at Xianyang International Airport in early August.As soon as I landed, I __3__ (feel) a change in the atmosphere.I saw people standing in queues __4__ (wait) for their turn at the immigration desk.Afterwards, we were transported to the office in the International Exhibition Center.China had invited participants __5__ twentythree developing countries to share digital television broadcasting techniques with them. In my 20 days in Xian, I got the opportunity to observe Chinese culture closely, __6__ thus it left an unforgettable mark on me.Now, Xian is like my second home.Since I came back to Pakistan, I have been missing Xian __7__ (bad)． My 20day stay in Xian was __8__ great experience.It was a learning opportunity, and also a chance to __9__ (broad) my understanding of diversity.I learned that despite differences of colors, heights, races and religions, all human beings __10__ (tie) by the bond of humanity, and that the future of nations is global with development and peace. 語篇解讀：作者通過去西安參加一個(gè)培訓(xùn)課程的經(jīng)歷，增加了對中國文化的了解，并感嘆文化是不分國界和種族的。 1．ladies　考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。數(shù)詞two后應(yīng)接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填ladies。 2．when　考查狀語從句。句意：八月初，當(dāng)我降落到咸陽國際機(jī)場時(shí)，那一天終于到來了。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，故填when。 3．felt　考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)從句時(shí)態(tài)提示詞“l(fā)anded”并結(jié)合語境可知，主句也應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，故填felt。 4．waiting　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。此處為“see＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ)”復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，wait與people之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且wait表示的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，要用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)，故填waiting。 5．from　考查介詞。設(shè)空處表示“來自……”，故填介詞from。 6．a(chǎn)nd　考查連詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中不缺少成分，且空格前后是兩個(gè)并列分句，且是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，故填and。 7．badly　考查副詞。修飾謂語動(dòng)詞have been missing應(yīng)用副詞，故填badly。 8．a(chǎn)　考查冠詞。experience作“經(jīng)歷”講時(shí)，是可數(shù)名詞，因此此處用不定冠詞表示泛指。故填a。 9．broaden　考查動(dòng)詞。不定式符號(hào)to后接動(dòng)詞原形，故填broaden，意為“增長；擴(kuò)大”。 10．a(chǎn)re tied　考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。主語human beings與謂語動(dòng)詞tie之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且主語是復(fù)數(shù)，故填are tied。 Ⅳ.概要寫作 閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。 A psychologist once said, “If youve overe every one of your fears, congratulations — youre dead.” This humorous saying points to a simple truth — no one can escape fear pletely. However, fear can be a good thing. It is a natural, healthy reaction to danger. In fact, sometimes we are afraid of things that arent dangerous, such as public speaking, failing a test, or being rejected. These unhealthy fears can keep us from achieving our dreams. So how can we successfully face our fears? First, admit what you fear and then share it with someone you trust. Perhaps you worry that others would look down on you if they know what you fear, but you might be surprised at how many other people share the same fears. Learning you are not the only one who fears something will give your selfesteem (自尊心) a push. Second, ask yourself, “What is the worstcase scenario (最壞的情況)？” This question can help you gain understanding. If you think about it, the worst might not be that bad after all. pared with the fear of losing a petition or being turned down, the regret of having missed opportunities can be even harder to bear. Even worse, you will never know what you might have acplished. Finally, take small steps toward overing your fears. If you fear public speaking, start by giving a small talk to a few people. If your talk doesnt go well, try again. Each small success will increase your confidence and persistence (堅(jiān)持), which is one of the keys to success. You might never pletely overe your fear of certain things, but what is important is that you can bring yourself to do what you fear. True bravery is that you feel afraid but still do what you have to do anyway. Its also true that you struggle with fear and dont let your fears stop you from getting the most out of life. 參考范文： Fear, either response to danger or a barrier to success, is unavoidable, but it can be handled properly as follows. (要點(diǎn)1) Acknowledging what you fear and letting trustworthy people know are the first step and then consider the worst situation to get a better understanding of it. (要點(diǎn)2) Finally, its also important to make efforts step by step against the fear. (要點(diǎn)3) Though fear cant be defeated thoroughly, you should face and struggle with it bravely to achieve the greatest gains from life. (要點(diǎn)4)