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摘要
伴隨著我國(guó)加快經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革步伐并順利加入WTO，中央空調(diào)行業(yè)及其他各行各業(yè)都面臨史無(wú)前例的挑戰(zhàn)和機(jī)遇。家用中央空調(diào)應(yīng)用范圍為80-800m2住宅，但是隨著我國(guó)房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)的突飛猛進(jìn)，100m2以上的住宅在如今樓盤建設(shè)中比例越來(lái)越大。這就直接為中央空調(diào)提供了晉級(jí)空間。
空調(diào)核心的制冷部件是冷凝管。制冷裝置的重要原材料就是冷凝管，是制冷劑的運(yùn)輸通道。就現(xiàn)在看來(lái)冷凝管主要由彎管機(jī)生產(chǎn)，全自動(dòng)盤料彎管機(jī)彎曲裝置是彎管機(jī)不可缺少的一部分，由彎曲模、夾緊模、托架、夾緊油缸、彎曲油缸、托架油缸、彎曲齒條、軸承座、彎曲齒輪等構(gòu)成。銅管經(jīng)過(guò)導(dǎo)向套筒從彎曲模和夾緊模之間穿入全自動(dòng)彎管機(jī)主機(jī)的芯軸桿上，然后夾緊模將銅管夾緊在兩模之間,同時(shí)托架上升托住銅管,彎曲裝置向前翻轉(zhuǎn)作180°彎曲，將銅管彎制成U型管。
本設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)彎管機(jī)盤管彎曲裝置進(jìn)行了總體結(jié)構(gòu)、彎曲模、夾緊模的設(shè)計(jì)、對(duì)齒輪齒條進(jìn)行了計(jì)算與校核。對(duì)軸承進(jìn)行了選擇與校核。對(duì)軸進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)與校核。并選取了動(dòng)力系統(tǒng),論述了彎管機(jī)彎曲裝置的調(diào)整、故障及其處理方法。
關(guān)于自動(dòng)彎管彎管機(jī)底部凹模，模角一般為86?86°。在行程的底部，集約應(yīng)具有比之間的間隙的材料厚度略大。為了提高成形角度，因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)底模彎曲大（約4倍），降低的彎曲半徑范圍通常導(dǎo)致回彈應(yīng)力。沖壓具有底部彎曲模具彎曲是相同的，只是把打孔處理的前端成為需要的彎曲半徑，而密集的間隙小于該材料在沖程的底部的厚度。由于施加足夠的壓力彎曲（約10倍），力沖前接觸材料，基本上避免了回彈。為了選擇最小噸位規(guī)格，最好是大于所述彎曲半徑的材料厚度來(lái)規(guī)劃，并盡可能通過(guò)自由彎曲的方法。當(dāng)彎曲半徑是較大，往往不影響片的質(zhì)量和它在將來(lái)使用。精密的彎曲精度要求需要慎重考慮，正是這個(gè)因素，決定了你需要考慮數(shù)控彎管機(jī)或手動(dòng)彎管機(jī)。如果彎曲精度不能改變，必須注重?cái)?shù)控機(jī)床上。數(shù)控彎管機(jī)滑塊重復(fù)精度為 0.0004英寸，形成一個(gè)精確的角應(yīng)該在精確度良好的模具中使用。手動(dòng)彎管機(jī)滑塊重復(fù)精度 - 0.002英寸，并使用適當(dāng)?shù)哪＞叩那闆r下通常產(chǎn)生的加或偏差±2?3°。
此外，數(shù)控彎管機(jī)，以裝載準(zhǔn)備得快，當(dāng)你需要彎曲，許多小批量零件，這是一個(gè)毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)的考慮的原因。即使你有一個(gè)完整的模具模架，不要以為這些模具適合于新機(jī)。必須檢查每模具的磨損和方法是在沖頭前端到肩和凹模之間肩長(zhǎng)度的長(zhǎng)度的量度。對(duì)于常規(guī)的模具中，偏差應(yīng)每英尺左右+ / - 0.001英寸，并且偏差不超過(guò)0.005英寸正負(fù)的總長(zhǎng)度。作為用于精磨模具，每英尺精度應(yīng)+ / - 0.0004英寸，總精度可能不大于+ / - 0.002英寸。最好細(xì)磨用于數(shù)控彎管機(jī)，常規(guī)模具用于手動(dòng)彎管機(jī)模具。事實(shí)上，我們也常弄得只買新的彎管機(jī)，買不到合適的模具來(lái)匹配錯(cuò)誤。彎曲人們常常被忽略的一個(gè)因素是在管彎曲機(jī)彎曲長(zhǎng)的前方的材料。低碳鋼板彎曲90°，7.5噸壓力彎管機(jī)很可能將被收取的鋼頂起來(lái)，操作員必須作好準(zhǔn)備為280的指標(biāo)沿5×10英尺10鎊的假設(shè)直降。可能需要幾個(gè)強(qiáng)勢(shì)的工人甚至一臺(tái)起重機(jī)。彎曲彎管機(jī)操作員往往需要很長(zhǎng)的側(cè)面部分，但不知道他們多么努力工作。現(xiàn)在有適于從事這項(xiàng)工作車間的保持器裝置，該裝置可根據(jù)新的和舊的機(jī)器的需求進(jìn)行修改。使用彎管機(jī)模具設(shè)備，形成長(zhǎng)邊的部分。
關(guān)鍵詞： 彎曲齒輪; 彎曲齒條; 彎曲模; 軸承座; 油缸
Abstract
With the accelerated pace of China's economic reform and the WTO, central air-conditioning industry with other industries, faced with unprecedented challenges and opportunities. Home central air conditioning is suitable for 80-800mm2 residential, as China's housing industry, 100mm2 or more new residential housing in the proportion is growing. This provides central air conditioning provides a huge space for development.
In the air-conditioned interior, plays an important cooling components are reusable condenser. Condenser refrigeration apparatus is an important raw material, is a refrigerant channel. Condenser tube bending machine depends mainly on the production, automatic plate feeding tube bender bending device is a part of the bending mold, mold clamp, bracket, clamp cylinder, bending cylinders, cylinder bracket, bend the rack , bearing, bent gear and other accessories. Brass through the guide sleeve and clamping mold from bending mode between automatic bending machine host penetration mandrel rod, and then the brass clamping mold mold clamping between the two, while boosting the bracket up brass, flip forward bending device for 180 ° bend, bend the copper tube into the U-tube.
The design of the coil for pipe bender bending device for the overall structure of the bending mold, mold clamping design, rack and pinion were calculated and checked. A selection of the bearing and checked. The shaft is designed and checked. And select the power system, discusses bender bending device adjusting the fault and its treatment.
About the automatic bending pipe bender a bottom concave die, die Angle generally is 86 ~ 86 °. In the bottom of the stroke, intensive should have a slightly larger than the material thickness of the gap between. To improve the forming Angle, because a bottom die bending the large tonnage of bends (about 4 times), reduced the bending radius range usually cause the springback stress. Stamping bending with a bottom bending die are the same, just put the front end of the punch processing became the bending radius of the need, and intensive clearance is less than the thickness of the material at the bottom of the stroke. Due to exert enough pressure bends (about 10 times) force punch front contact material, basically to avoid the springback. In order to select the minimum tonnage specifications, the best is greater than the material thickness of the bend radius to plan, and as far as possible by free bending method. When bending radius is bigger, often do not affect the quality of the pieces and its use in the future. Precision bending precision demand is a need careful consideration, it is this factor, determines the you need to consider a CNC pipe bending machine or manual pipe bender. If bending accuracy + / - 1 ° and cannot be changed, you must focus on CNC machine. CNC pipe bender slider repeat accuracy is + / - 0.0004 inches, forming a precise Angle that should be used in the precision and good mould. Manual pipe bender slider repeat precision of + / - 0.002 inches, and under the condition of using appropriate mould generally produces the deviation of plus or minus 2 ~ 3 °.
In addition, CNC pipe bender to prepare for loading die quickly, when you need to bend, many small batch parts, this is a no doubt consider the reasons. Die even if you have a shelf full of die, don't think that these mould is suitable for the new machine. Must be checked every mould wear and method is a measure of the length of the punch front-end to shoulder length between the shoulder and concave die. For conventional mold, deviation should be per foot around + / - 0.001 inches, and the deviation is not more than plus or minus the total length of 0.005 inches. As for fine grinding mould, per foot accuracy should be + / - 0.0004 inches, the total accuracy may not be greater than + / - 0.002 inches. Best to fine grinding mould used for CNC pipe bender, conventional mold for manual pipe bender. Indeed, we are often made to buy only the new pipe bender and don't buy the right mold to match error. Bending side people often ignored one factor is the material in front of the tube bending machine bending length. Assumptions along a 5 x 10 feet 10 - the gauge of low carbon steel plate bending 90 °, 7.5 tons of pressure pipe bender probably will be charged on the steel top up, and the operator must be geared up for the 280 - pound straight down. Make the parts may need several strong workers even a crane. Bending the pipe bending machine operator often need long side parts, but don't realize how much they work hard. Now there is a retainer device suitable for the workshop engaged in this work, the device can be modified according to the needs of new and old machine. Using the pipe bending machine mould device, forming long side parts only one operator.
Keywords: bending gear； bending rack； flexural modulus； bearing；
cylinder
目 錄
引 言 1
第一章 彎管機(jī)概述 4
1.1彎管機(jī)的發(fā)展概況 4
1.2彎管機(jī)研究的意義和價(jià)值 5
1.3彎管機(jī)構(gòu)成及工作原理 5
1.3.1彎管機(jī)的構(gòu)成 5
1.3.2彎管機(jī)的工作原理 5
第二章 全自動(dòng)盤料彎管機(jī)彎曲裝置概述 6
2.1全自動(dòng)盤料彎管機(jī)彎曲裝置的組成及工作原理 6
2.2全自動(dòng)盤料彎管機(jī)彎曲裝置的規(guī)格 6
第三章 全自動(dòng)盤料彎管機(jī)彎曲裝置的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 7
3.1全自動(dòng)盤料彎管機(jī)彎曲裝置總體的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 7
3.2彎曲模和夾緊模的設(shè)計(jì) 8
3.2.1回彈角的計(jì)算 8
3.2.2影響回彈的因素 8
3.2.3彎曲模和夾緊模工作原理 9
3.3齒輪齒條的設(shè)計(jì) 10
3.3.1齒輪傳動(dòng)的優(yōu)點(diǎn) 10
3.3.2齒輪的幾何尺寸計(jì)算 10
3.3.3齒輪的接觸疲勞強(qiáng)度校核 11
3.3.4齒輪的彎曲疲勞強(qiáng)度校核 12
3.4軸承的選擇與校核 13
3.4.1.軸承的選擇 13
3.4.2所選系列軸承的性能特點(diǎn) 13
3.4.3軸承的壽命校核 13
3.4.4軸承的靜強(qiáng)度校核 14
3.4.5軸承的極限轉(zhuǎn)速校核 15
3.5軸的設(shè)計(jì) 15
3.5.1軸的直徑計(jì)算 15
3.5.2軸的校核 15
第四章 全自動(dòng)盤料彎管機(jī)彎曲裝置的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 19
4.1 全自動(dòng)盤料彎管機(jī)彎曲裝置油缸的選擇 19
4.2全自動(dòng)盤料彎管機(jī)彎曲裝置液壓泵的選擇 19
4.2.1液壓泵的選擇 19
4.2.2 V型柱塞泵的參數(shù) 21
4.2.3 V型柱塞泵的特性 21
第五章 全自動(dòng)盤料彎彎曲裝置的調(diào)整管機(jī) 22
5.1彎曲角度的調(diào)整 22
5.2托架高度的調(diào)整 23
5.3壓力調(diào)整 23
5.4速度調(diào)整 24
第六章 可能出現(xiàn)的故障及原因 25
6.1不夾緊的原因 25
6.2不彎管的原因 25
6.3彎曲形狀差的原因 26
結(jié) 論 27
參考文獻(xiàn) 28
致 謝 29