廣東省新興縣惠能中學(xué)高中英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 說明文課件

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1、技巧點(diǎn)撥技巧點(diǎn)撥說明文是用簡潔的文字介紹事物的說明文是用簡潔的文字介紹事物的特性、構(gòu)造、變化或結(jié)果的文章。特性、構(gòu)造、變化或結(jié)果的文章。高考中，說明文常見的話題有：產(chǎn)高考中，說明文常見的話題有：產(chǎn)品介紹、地點(diǎn)描述、方位描寫、變品介紹、地點(diǎn)描述、方位描寫、變化分析、購物指南和操作說明等?；治?、購物指南和操作說明等。寫這類文章需注意以下幾點(diǎn)：寫這類文章需注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1.首先要審題，弄清需要介紹的內(nèi)容，把首先要審題，弄清需要介紹的內(nèi)容，把握信息要點(diǎn)。握信息要點(diǎn)。2.寫作內(nèi)容要條理清楚，層次分明。說明寫作內(nèi)容要條理清楚，層次分明。說明科技方面的內(nèi)容常用定義法、比較對比法、科技方面的內(nèi)容常用定義法、

2、比較對比法、分類法和因果法等；說明自然環(huán)境方面的分類法和因果法等；說明自然環(huán)境方面的內(nèi)容常用時空次序法與分類法等。內(nèi)容常用時空次序法與分類法等。3.時態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時，當(dāng)然若是介紹其時態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時，當(dāng)然若是介紹其歷史時，要用一般過去時；語態(tài)可能用到歷史時，要用一般過去時；語態(tài)可能用到被動語態(tài)；若是介紹地點(diǎn)環(huán)境等，要善于被動語態(tài)；若是介紹地點(diǎn)環(huán)境等，要善于運(yùn)用運(yùn)用there be結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)構(gòu)。1.描述現(xiàn)象描述現(xiàn)象With the development of society, heavy traffic has aroused great concern. Some people think,

3、 while others think 隨著隨著社會社會的的發(fā)展發(fā)展，交通擁擠，交通擁擠已經(jīng)引起了廣泛的關(guān)注已經(jīng)引起了廣泛的關(guān)注。一些人一些人認(rèn)為認(rèn)為，；而另一些人認(rèn)為而另一些人認(rèn)為，必備詞句必備詞句2.說明原因說明原因There are many reasons involved. Among them, the increase of private cars plays an important role.這涉及這涉及到許多原因到許多原因。其中其中，私家車的猛增，私家車的猛增是主要原是主要原因因。3.解決辦法解決辦法 The first measure is to limit the n

4、umber of private cars running on the street every day. Immediate after that, we shouldOnly in this way can we solve the problem.第一個重要措施是第一個重要措施是限制每天在路限制每天在路上的私家車的數(shù)量。上的私家車的數(shù)量。之后，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)之后，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)只有這樣，我們才能只有這樣，我們才能解決這個問題。解決這個問題。4.說明空間順的詞語：說明空間順的詞語：on top of, next to, close to, in front of, to the south of語篇

5、模板語篇模板(1)現(xiàn)象解釋型現(xiàn)象解釋型描述現(xiàn)象描述現(xiàn)象According to the figures in the above table, we can clearly see that the amount of money spent on food has decreased gradually, coming to 35% in 1998. However, there have been great increase in the expenses of clothing and recreation.分析原因分析原因What are the causes of these ch

6、anges? In the first place, with the development of the economy, people pay more attention to their clothes and some of them even want to be dressed in the latest fashions. Furthermore, people pay more attention to the quality of their lives. Therefore, many people like to spend more money on recreat

7、ion.指出趨勢指出趨勢In short, I believe with the rapid increase in peoples income, such trends will become even more obvious in the future.(2)地點(diǎn)介紹型地點(diǎn)介紹型地理位置地理位置Taiwan Island, the largest island in our country, lies west of the Pacific Ocean, with the East Sea on the north and the South Sea surrounding its s

8、outhwest. To the west of the island is Fujian, another province of China.(方位的方位的表達(dá)、同位語和表達(dá)、同位語和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的使用復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的使用)面積人口資源面積人口資源Taiwan has a area of about 36,000 square kilometers and a population of over 20, 000,000. Its rich in natural resources; for example, bananas, rice, tea and so on are famous b

9、oth at home and abroad. The scenery is so beautiful and the climate is so pleasant that travelers go in a continuous stream for a visit all over the world.3.用英語介紹你校用英語介紹你校你市將舉行中考志愿填報咨詢會你市將舉行中考志愿填報咨詢會, 請你根請你根據(jù)下面的提示用英語給你校寫一篇簡介。據(jù)下面的提示用英語給你校寫一篇簡介。專題練析專題練析寫作內(nèi)容寫作內(nèi)容學(xué)校名稱學(xué)校名稱一中，一中， 廣東省重點(diǎn)中學(xué)廣東省重點(diǎn)中學(xué)建校時間建校時間1957

10、年年學(xué)校規(guī)模學(xué)校規(guī)模占地面積約占地面積約16萬平方米萬平方米,教學(xué)班級多達(dá)教學(xué)班級多達(dá)60個個,400多教師多教師, 5000多學(xué)生多學(xué)生教學(xué)設(shè)施教學(xué)設(shè)施先進(jìn)先進(jìn), 齊全齊全教學(xué)宗旨教學(xué)宗旨培養(yǎng)學(xué)生創(chuàng)新能力和實踐能力培養(yǎng)學(xué)生創(chuàng)新能力和實踐能力教學(xué)成果教學(xué)成果各類競賽成果顯著；各類競賽成果顯著；高考成績列全省前茅高考成績列全省前茅寫作要求寫作要求只能使用只能使用5個句子表達(dá)全部內(nèi)容。個句子表達(dá)全部內(nèi)容。評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)句子結(jié)構(gòu)準(zhǔn)確，信息內(nèi)容完整，篇章結(jié)構(gòu)句子結(jié)構(gòu)準(zhǔn)確，信息內(nèi)容完整，篇章結(jié)構(gòu)連貫。連貫。寫作提示寫作提示本篇寫作要用到的預(yù)期語言手本篇寫作要用到的預(yù)期語言手段有：同位語手段、目的的表達(dá)

11、、排位的段有：同位語手段、目的的表達(dá)、排位的表達(dá)等。表達(dá)等。參考范文參考范文 The First Middle School, a key middle school in Guangdong Province, founded in 1957, covers an area of about 160,000 square meters. At present, there are as many as 60 classes in our school, with more than 400 teachers and 5000 students. The school is equipped

12、with various modern teaching facilities, which provides students with better studying conditions. Our school has been aiming at developing students creativity as well as practical abilities. So far, we have made great achievements in all kinds of competitions, and besides, the exam result of our sch

13、ool in the college entrance examination often ranks first among all the middle schools in our province.4.介紹現(xiàn)代人的健康狀況調(diào)查結(jié)果介紹現(xiàn)代人的健康狀況調(diào)查結(jié)果Health Magazine就現(xiàn)代人的健康狀況進(jìn)行就現(xiàn)代人的健康狀況進(jìn)行了調(diào)查，其結(jié)果如下：了調(diào)查，其結(jié)果如下：與以前相比，人們的健康狀語有下滑現(xiàn)象，與以前相比，人們的健康狀語有下滑現(xiàn)象，其原因主要有：其原因主要有：1.工作忙碌，壓力過大，缺少鍛煉；工作忙碌，壓力過大，缺少鍛煉；2.生活沒有規(guī)律，熬夜，休息不夠；生活沒有規(guī)律，熬夜

14、，休息不夠；3.不少人有抽煙，喝酒的習(xí)慣；不少人有抽煙，喝酒的習(xí)慣；寫作內(nèi)容寫作內(nèi)容請根據(jù)調(diào)查情況寫一篇短文，內(nèi)容包括：請根據(jù)調(diào)查情況寫一篇短文，內(nèi)容包括：1.與過去相比，人們的健康狀況；與過去相比，人們的健康狀況；2.下滑的主要原因；下滑的主要原因；3.建議：養(yǎng)成良好的生活習(xí)慣。戒煙，戒建議：養(yǎng)成良好的生活習(xí)慣。戒煙，戒酒，多運(yùn)動。酒，多運(yùn)動。描述現(xiàn)象描述現(xiàn)象According to the survey made by the Health Magazine, compared with the past, people are in poorer condition.分析原因分析原因 O

15、ne of the main reasons is that people are living a busy life without taking enough exercise and suffer lots of stress. Besides, most of them have to stay up late at night with so little time to rest, making their lives become quite irregular. Worse till, a number of these people have got into the habit of smoking and drinking alcohol. 提出建議提出建議To change this, one should form a good living habit by doing physical exercise regularly and try to keep away from cigarette and alcohol.