《牛津高中英語(yǔ)》模塊5-Reading--Project課文

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31 M5U1 Reading 1 Secrets and lies Dear Annie I feel betrayed by my friend Hannah We have been best friends since primary school and spend almost every day with each other Sometimes other children say we are no fun because we are both very academic and like to study but we like it that way We are both very hard working and always get good grades at school On Monday we had a surprise math quiz I thought it was quite easy and was not worried about the results I must have sounded very proud of myself after the quiz saying how easy it was and how I was sure to get a good grade The next day after class my math teacher told me that I had the lowest grade in the class I felt so ashamed I must be really stupid to fail a simple math quiz Afterwards I pretended to be cheerful but Hannah sensed something was wrong We went to wash our hands in the girls washroom before lunch and I admitted how badly I had done I begged her not to tell anyone else and she said she would keep my secret However the next day I noticed that my classmates were staring at me as I came into math class and when I went to sit down I was shocked to find a piece of paper on my desk that said Stupid Sarah got a D I was so upset that I felt like crying I thought that Hannah must have told my classmates about my grade after promising not to Everyone must have been laughing behind my back I was so angry that I went straight to Hannah and told her we weren t going to be friends any more because she couldn t keep her word She was really upset and swore that she hadn t told anyone However the only people who see our grades are the teacher and the students that the grades belong to She said that someone must have been spying on us in the washroom but I didn t believe her explanation I don t think I can ever truly forgive her Now I ve lost my best friend What shall I do Yours sincerely Sarah 32 M5U1 Reading 2 A friendship in trouble Dear Annie My name is Andrew I am 17 years old and I have a problem My best friend Matthew has stopped talking to me We have been best friends since childhood and play together in the school football team Last week we had an important match against another school The other team was superb and we really had to focus I was determined to win but Matthew was playing badly He could not keep pace with the game and as a result of his careless playing we lost Afterwards I got really angry with him and I told him I thought he was not trying hard enough He got annoyed saying it wasn t his fault if he couldn t play as well as me and that I shouldn t talk to him in this manner Then we both started shouting at each other and it turned into a horrible argument He accused me of some really bad things just to hurt me I feel really guilty because I made some cruel remarks too but I dislike seeing our team lose Football is very important to me but so is our friendship Since we argued he hasn t spoken to me even though we sit next to each other in class It s really awkward He is usually cheerful and outgoing but he has been really quiet and looks sad The things he said hurt me too but he has not apologized to me Yesterday I saw him talking to another boy Peter and I cannot help wondering if he wants Peter to be his best friend instead of me I told my brother about the quarrel but he said Matthew is just too sensitive and perhaps a little bitter because I am really athletic and good at football and that I had better find another friend What should I do Yours truly Andrew 33 M5U1 Project 1 Teenagers friendships My friend Robert has a twin sister named Amanda Though they get along well there are some things about Amanda and her friends that puzzle Robert He can t understand how girls can talk for so long For example sometimes when he leaves the apartment to play football Amanda and her friend Sharon are sitting on the sofa talking When he comes back three and a half hours later they re still sitting on the sofa continuing the same conversation on the same topic One day Robert was so curious that he asked Amanda what they talked about but she replied We re best friends We talk about almost everything film stars pop songs recipes everything Boys and girls have different attitudes towards friendship Friendships between girls are usually anchored in shared feelings and support but friendships between boys are based on shared activities or interests A boy is likely to be cautious about sharing his feelings with his close friends A girl s closest friend however might be eager to tell her about something that has happened in her life Many studies worldwide show that girls have more friendships than boys In fact many adolescent males cannot name a single best friend When asked they usually hesitate before responding My best friend I can t think about that I am busy with my homework and I have so many different friends that it is hard to choose just one best friend Females who have been asked can usually answer the question without pausing A best friend Of course We have a lot to share with each other We do a lot of things together such as talking and shopping We have to realize boys share activities while girls share feelings The qualities that boys and girls consider important in a friend seem to be the same regardless of the basis of these friendships The important thing to remember is that both of them are friendships We all need friends in our lives 34 M5U1 Project 2 What friendship means to me When deciding what is most important in life some people choose money while others choose things like security and comfort However for me the most important thing in life is friendship I cannot imagine being without it Friendship means not being alone Once I was travelling by myself through Beijing on the way to my grandparents house Since my next train left in the evening I had a day for sightseeing At first I didn t mind being alone but then I saw all the tourists having their pictures taken together and I began feeling sad I ended up returning to the train station and spending the rest of the day in the waiting room Life is no fun without a companion to share it with Friendship means having someone I can rely on Last year I left my schoolbag on a trolleybus and I lost all of my notes for the final exam You can imagine how I panicked Luckily for me my best friend Jenny let me copy her notes and I used them in my revision Thanks to her help I was able to pass the exam Friendship means being committed to others The best way to have a friend is to be a friend Because I am a friend I have had to learn patience and mercy Once I had a quarrel with Jenny and she made some cruel comments about me Even though I was hurt I forgave her and she later made an apology Through this incident both of us have become better people However if I had ended our friendship we would have both learnt nothing In conclusion when we are old and look back on our lives what will we remember Will we remember the things we bought or the places we have been to No we will remember those whom we loved and those who loved us We will remember our friends 35 M5U2 Reading The economy or the environment must we choose TV host James Long Speakers Lin Shuiqing a spokeswoman from the Green Society Qian Liwei a business development consultant James Long Good morning Today s debate question is The economy or the environment must we choose With me are Ms Lin Shuiqing from the Green Society and Mr Qian Liwei a business development consultant We are following our usual schedule for debates Ms Lin Shuiqing will speak first for three minutes Mr Qian Liwei will follow also for three minutes Then we will open the floor for discussion If you have any questions or comments you can use this time to express them Lin Shuiqing Good morning everyone First I am talking to you today about the way vast areas of the world are damaged by chemical waste Many places have been destroyed and many plants and animals have died This is awful Factories produce large numbers of harmful chemicals The waste they create goes into the atmosphere and makes us sick Other types of waste flow into our water killing river and sea life Much sea life is being destroyed by fishing boats as well These boats catch large numbers of fish without giving them time to lay eggs This will result in a smaller number of fish left for us to eat in the future While we damage our environment we keep producing more and more people who need more land to live on and more food to eat The world s population has grown by six times what it was in 1800 The figure is now about 7 billion people It is our duty to try to cut back on production and reduce the number of things we make and buy The amount of rubbish we produce is turning into a big problem we need to think more about recycling our waste It would be good to increase the amount of waste we recycle and teach people ways of living that do not harm the environment We may even create more jobs and help our country become more developed at the same time Thank you Qian Liwei Good morning ladies and gentlemen Thank you Ms Lin That was an interesting speech It is clear that you are very concerned about the present situation of our environment As a business development consultant I m often seen as being against the environment When people think of factories they think of clouds of dirty smoke or of pipes pouring chemical waste into rivers They think of greedy businessmen hiding from their responsibilities and only worrying about money People often have this belief that development is bad for the environment but this does not have to be true What I m here to say is that having worked with many environmental consultants I know that a healthy environment and development should be possible at the same time There are many factories and industries which control the amount of pollution they produce and are very careful to spend money repairing any damage they cause The people operating these factories are deeply concerned about the environment We need to stop thinking of companies and businessmen as the enemy and give them more credit Ms Lin suggested we should cut back on the quantity of things we produce in order to save the environment I don t agree with her because then jobs will be lost I believe that people are more important than fish and trees However I do agree that we should produce more things from materials that have been recycled and less from raw materials the supply of which is growing smaller and smaller What we need are better laws to preserve the environment and still allow our country to grow This includes controls on how many trees are cut down and how many fish are caught This might make wood and seafood more expensive but paying a higher price for some things is not always bad Asking around I find many people willing to pay a little higher price for things that are friendly to the environment Finally those factories which pollute the environment should have to pay higher taxes If you harm the environment you should have to pay for it to be repaired Thank you for listening James Long Now we will open the floor for discussion 36 M5U2 Project 1 Protecting the Yangtze River As the third longest river in the world the health of the Yangtze River has raised concern both in China and abroad Rapid development and an increase in population have meant that the amount of the water taken from the river is rising and that the waste being put back into the river has been increasing This is not good news for the people who rely on the Yangtze River for water Nor is it good news for the wide range of fish and wildlife that live in or along the river Many people have recognized the importance of protecting the Yangtze River and organizations and projects have been set up to deal with the problem The Green River Organization for example educates people on the importance of protecting this great river It also watches the river and stops the illegal hunting of animals which has put the wild animal population in danger Two special government projects are also under way The first project a water and soil conservation project was set up in 1989 This project resulted in farmers replacing their crops with trees or grass It has already been a success because it has helped improve the local environment and the land around the river The second project includes nature reserves for white flag dolphins one of the rarest animals in the world The number of white flag dolphins in China has dropped because of pollution in the Yangtze River The white flag dolphin was last seen several years ago though scientists are still hopeful that the animal has survived We still have a long way to go to solve all the problems in regard to the Yangtze River However people have finally realized that it is their responsibility to protect this great river Because of this the situation on the Yangtze River is improving The efforts of the Chinese government and people to protect this much loved river will be appreciated for years to come 37 M5U2 Project 2 Climate change and a low carbon life There is no doubt that the world climate has been changing in recent years Many people blame this change on gases such as carbon dioxide Animals and humans produce carbon dioxide when they breathe However many other human activities also let off carbon gases Anytime something is burnt carbon is put into the atmosphere Cars and other vehicles burn petrol in their engines and electrical power plants most often burn fuels such as coal and oil in order to produce electricity Therefore the more petrol and electricity we consume the more carbon we are letting off One thing we can all do to help solve this problem is to walk or use a bicycle when possible Although we produce carbon when we breathe the carbon we produce is much less than that produced by a car Of course there are times when we need to travel long distances In this case public transport such as buses and the underground is always a much better choice than a private car or a taxi If you must drive a car it is never good to travel alone you should try to find other people to travel with you At home you should use as little energy as possible Turn off the lights and anything else electrical when not in use Since factories use a lot of energy and also let off carbon gases it is important to recycle as much as possible In particular metal products and paper products require a lot of energy to produce so you should find ways to use these again without throwing them away Last but not least you can plant a tree because trees absorb the carbon dioxide in the air to produce oxygen Planting a small tree is cheap and easy and two decades from now when you look at what will have become a large tree you will find a sense of satisfaction knowing that you did your part to help solve the problem of climate change 38 M5U3 Reading The perfect copy Scientists have announced that they have cloned the first human embryo This has caused much debate round the world On the one hand some scientists point out that if you clone an embryo you can produce valuable human tissues such as bone or lung tissue that could be used to save human lives On the other hand many people including some scientists disagree and are afraid that if mankind toys with nature in this way we may be on our way to producing a real life Frankenstein s monster Cloning is producing an exact copy of a plant or an animal using its cells The first mammal to be cloned successfully from an adult cell was Dolly the sheep She was born in 1996 and died in early 2003 at a much younger age than normal When she was born many people were worried that cloning would lead to more diseases in the animal world However in general the scientists were praised for their wonderful scientific advance Ian Wilmut the Scottish scientist who created Dolly is shocked that some scientists are now considering cloning human beings Although he researches cloning his intention has never been to create copies of human Instead he thinks research efforts should concentrate on creating new tissues and organs that can be used to cure diseases like cancer However some people believe that cloning human embryos with the intention of destroying them shows no respect for human life Even though human cloning is causing a lot of anxiety it is good news for Faye Wilson a 41 year old saleswoman who cannot have a baby I am anxious to have a child of my own she says I don t want to adopt someone else s child If I had the chance I would have a cloned baby right now While cloning human embryos is not legal in many countries some scientists are already pushing ahead with research in order to produce a cloned human baby Severino Antinori an Italian physician has declared that he wants to be the first to clone a human being In China scientists have focused their efforts on cloning animals as well as cloned tissues to be used in medical treatment China has succeeded in producing clones of cows and goats and continues to research ways in which cloning can benefit mankind Letter 1 Dear Editor I believe that human cloning is wrong If we toy with nature we will have to deal with the consequences Who knows what could happen Human life would just become a crop to be harvested or a product for sale The human race is using up the Earth s natural wealth We should be having fewer babies in order to reduce the Earth s population not cloning more I feel sorry for the lady who cannot have a baby but I would like to point out that there are many children in the world with no parents who would be delighted to have a mother Pauline Carter Letter 2 Dear Editor I would like to comment on your article The perfect copy I think the scientific advances mentioned in your article are fantastic I am in complete agreement with human cloning After all scientists have been challenging moral ideas for centuries Why should we stop them now On a personal note cloning would totally transform my life Seven years ago my 10 year old daughter died of heart failure She was beautiful cheerful and bright I miss her every single day If I had the chance I would clone her immediately so I that I could be with her again Colin Jake 39 M5U3 Project 1 Man and Nature For a long time our environment has been damaged because humans have been careless People have harmed nature through agriculture fishing hunting and tourism We further damage the Earth by building new channels in the sea and factories on the land and by creating pollution with chemical waste We will some day destroy the planet we live on if we continue in this way However if we focus only on conservation then people may suffer Not everything that is best for nature is good for people Would anyone say that development should be stopped in favor of nature From the point of view of some people we are only doing what humans have always done using nature to meet our own needs Other people argue that such thinking may cause a catastrophe unless we start to look around and understand how a clean environment benefits us all After decades of destroying nature and using up natural resources many developed nations are now concerned about saving nature rather than developing or destroying it However many poorer nations must focus on meeting the everyday needs of their people In doing so they are using up natural resources at a fast pace They have not yet seen the effects of the careless use of the environment like many wealthy nations have Often they do not realize that the choices they make are bad for the environment Should they be blamed for destroying hundreds of thousands of acres of rainforest if it means a better income for their people The developed and developing countries of the world need to work together to make sure that people enjoy healthy and happy lives without the environment around them suffering It should not be a question of humans winning and nature losing Humans can only really win by protecting natur