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1、第二部分第二部分 專題語法專題語法 高效突破高效突破專項(xiàng)專項(xiàng) 1 1 名名 詞詞考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 名詞的數(shù)名詞的數(shù)一、可數(shù)名詞一、可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞所表示的人或事物可以用數(shù)來計(jì)算，有單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式。1 1名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化情況情況構(gòu)成方法構(gòu)成方法例詞例詞一般情況加scapcaps；dogdogs；GermanGermans以字母s，sh，ch，x等結(jié)尾加esbusbuses；wishwishes 以“輔音字母y”結(jié)尾變y為i，再加esladyladies；centurycenturies以“元音字母y”結(jié)尾直接加sboyboys；monkeymonkeys高頻考點(diǎn)高頻考點(diǎn)精講
2、精講以f或fe結(jié)尾一般變f，fe為v，再加esleafleaves；lifelives以o結(jié)尾有生命的加estomatotomatoes；heroheroes；potatopotatoes無生命的加sradioradios；zoozoos;photophotos【注意】【注意】有些名詞雖以s結(jié)尾，但它們不是復(fù)數(shù)。如：physics物理；maths數(shù)學(xué)；politics政治；news新聞。2 2名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化類型類型例詞例詞字母變化manmen；womanwomen；EnglishmanEnglishmen；FrenchmanFrenchmen；childchildre
3、n；footfeet；toothteeth；mousemice 二、不可數(shù)名詞二、不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞所表示的事物一般不能用數(shù)來計(jì)算，沒有詞形的變化，主要包括物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞兩種。不可數(shù)名詞的計(jì)量形式：基數(shù)詞/不定冠詞量詞of不可數(shù)名詞，但數(shù)詞決定量詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：a glass of water一杯水；a piece of news 一則新聞；three pieces of advice三條建議。單復(fù)數(shù)同形ChineseChinese；JapaneseJapanese；peoplepeople；sheepsheep；deerdeer 復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式a man teachermen
4、teachers；a woman teacherwomen teachers考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)2 2 名詞詞義辨析名詞詞義辨析近義詞辨析近義詞辨析1 1news,information,messagenews,information,message，adviceadvice與與suggestionsuggestionnews不可數(shù)名詞；“新聞，消息”information不可數(shù)名詞；“信息”message可數(shù)名詞；“信息，口信”advice不可數(shù)名詞；“建議”suggestion可數(shù)名詞；“建議”2.sound2.sound，noisenoise與與voicevoicesound“聲音”，指可以聽到的任
5、何聲音。noise 常指太響或人們不愿聽到的聲音，“嘈雜聲，喧鬧聲”。voice 指“說話聲，唱歌聲，嗓音”。3 3jobjob與與workworkjob是可數(shù)名詞，指一項(xiàng)具體的工作，多指“零工”或“短工”；work是不可數(shù)名詞，指“工作，勞動(dòng)，努力”。4 4problemproblem與與questionquestion兩個(gè)詞都表示“問題”。problem總是與“困難”相聯(lián)系，它可以指社會(huì)問題、教學(xué)問題，這種“問題”是“有待解決的”，與其搭配的動(dòng)詞是solve；question總是與“疑問，質(zhì)問，詢問”相聯(lián)系，這種“問題”是“有待回答的”?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)3 3 名詞所有格名詞所有格名詞的所有格是表
6、示名詞之間的所有關(guān)系，有兩種表示形式：一種是在名詞后加s；另一種是用of，表示“的”。1 1s/ss/s類別類別構(gòu)成方法構(gòu)成方法舉例舉例有生命的單數(shù)名詞加s Jims father吉姆的爸爸；Fathers Day父親節(jié)有生命的復(fù)數(shù)名詞加the students desks 學(xué)生們的課桌；Teachers Day教師節(jié)不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞一般加s Childrens Day兒童節(jié)；Womens Day婦女節(jié)表示兩個(gè)人共有一物時(shí)在后一個(gè)名詞后加sThis is Tom and Peters room.這是湯姆和皮特的房間。表示兩個(gè)人分別擁有某物時(shí)在兩個(gè)名詞后分別加sThese are Toms
7、and Peters rooms.這些是湯姆和皮特的房間。表示時(shí)間、距離、國家、地點(diǎn)和自然現(xiàn)象等無生命的名詞可在詞尾加s或ten minutes walk十分鐘的路程；an hours rest一個(gè)小時(shí)的休息2.of2.of所有格所有格沒有生命的事物一般用of 結(jié)構(gòu)來表示所屬關(guān)系。如：the wall of the classroom教室的墻；a picture of the bedroom臥室的圖片。3 3雙重所有格雙重所有格將of結(jié)構(gòu)與s結(jié)構(gòu)或名詞性物主代詞一起使用，構(gòu)成雙重所有格。如：a friend of his他的一個(gè)朋友；the big nose of Toms湯姆的大鼻子。十年真
8、題十年真題全練全練十年來，濰坊市中考對名詞考查了五次，主要面向名詞詞義辨析和名詞所有格這兩個(gè)考點(diǎn)，特別是在具體語境下對名詞詞義辨析的考查，這就要求考生要在具體的語言環(huán)境下，準(zhǔn)確把握名詞的意義；不可數(shù)名詞和名詞的復(fù)數(shù)(如sheep單復(fù)數(shù)同形)也是未來對于名詞的考查方向。考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)2 2 名詞詞義辨析名詞詞義辨析1.2008濰坊，16題Luckily,the boy didnt hurt his _ in the accident,so he can walk as usual.Aarms Blegs Ceyes Dhands22012濰坊，17題Its a good _ to have break
9、fast every morning.Ahobby Bjob Cmenu Dskill32015濰坊，28題On September 3 there will be some _ in China to celebrate the 70year victory of the AntiJapanese War.Aactions Bprojects Ctraditions DactivitiesB BA AD D考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)3 3 名詞所有格名詞所有格4.2008濰坊，17題 Mrs.Bond is an old friend of _AJack mother BJack mothersCJacks
10、mother DJacks mothers5.2013濰坊，28題How far is your home from school?Its about two _ walk.Ahours Bhours Chours DhourD DB B猜押預(yù)測猜押預(yù)測1How many _ can you see in the picture?Two.Adog Bchild Cduck Dsheep 2Could you give me some _？I tried several times but failed.Anotice Bsuggestion Cadvice DwayD DC C3Steve J
11、obs was full of _always coming up with new ideas which led to great changes in society.Ainstruction Binvitation Cintroduction Dinvention4Its useful for the deaf people to learn sign language.Yes，its a major way of _ for them.Asuggestion Bvacation Cproduction Dcommunication5Is this photo taken in Tib
12、et?Yes.You can see beautiful snow mountains in the _ of the photo.Aform Bbackground Cshape Dinstruction6Nowadays schools should care for the full _ of a students talents.Asatisfaction Bdevelopment Ccommunication DpreparationD DD DB BB B7Its about _ from our school to my house.A20 minutes walk B20 mi
13、nutes walk Cwalk of 20 minutes D20 minutes walks8_ fathers didnt come to the meeting.Why?Because they have gone to Beijing.AJeffs and Amys BJeff and Amy CJeffs and Amy DJeff and Amys9Are you sure this is a photo _，the famous comedy actress?It surprised you,didnt it?But she was once really thin.AJia
14、Ling BJia Lings Cof Jia Ling Dof Jia LingsA AA AC C專項(xiàng)專項(xiàng) 2 2 冠冠 詞詞考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 不定冠詞的用法不定冠詞的用法 不定冠詞有a和an 兩種形式。a用在以輔音音素開頭的單詞前，an用在以元音音素開頭的單詞前。其基本用法為：1泛指某一類人、事或物，這是不定冠詞a/an的基本用法。如：I want to buy an English book.我想買一本英語書。2泛指某人或某物，但不具體說明何人或何物，以區(qū)別于其他種類。如：A man is waiting for you at the school gate.一個(gè)男人正在學(xué)校門口等你。3
15、表示數(shù)量，有“一”的意思，但數(shù)的概念沒有one強(qiáng)烈。如：a girl一個(gè)女孩；an hour一個(gè)小時(shí)。4用在序數(shù)詞前，表示“又一，再一”。如：a third time再一次，又一次。5用在重量、長度、時(shí)間或單位名詞前，表示“每一”，相當(dāng)于every。如：once a week每周一次。高頻考點(diǎn)高頻考點(diǎn)精講精講6用于敘述第一次出現(xiàn)的人或物前。如：This is a dictionary.這是一本詞典。7用于某些不可數(shù)名詞前表示數(shù)量“一次，一陣，一份，一類”等。8用在抽象名詞前，表示具體情況，說明被介紹的對象是什么樣的人或物。9用于某些固定短語中。如：a few一些，少數(shù)幾個(gè)；have a goo
16、d time玩得高興；have a rest休息一會(huì)；take a look看一看；leave a message留口信?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)2 2 定冠詞的用法定冠詞的用法 1.特指有修飾語的或上文已提到的或談話雙方都知道的某人或某物。如：On the right there was a bed.And on the bed there was a toy.在右邊有張床，在這張床上有個(gè)玩具。2用在表示樂器的名詞之前。如：She plays the piano well.她彈鋼琴彈得很好。3用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前，表示某一類人或事物；和某些形容詞連用，表示一類人，在意義上常為復(fù)數(shù)；用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)前，指一家人或
17、夫婦。如：The dog is more useful than the cat.狗比貓更有用。the old老年人；the sick病人；the rich富人；the Smiths史密斯夫婦。4用在序數(shù)詞及形容詞或副詞的最高級(jí)之前。如：the first floor一樓；the tallest tree最高的樹。5表示世界上獨(dú)一無二的東西，用在江河、海洋、湖泊、山脈等名稱前。如：the Changjiang River長江；the Pacific太平洋；the sun太陽；the world世界。6用于某些固定搭配中。如：all the year round整年；in the end最后；o
18、n the whole總的來說，基本上；by the way順便說一下；in the sun在陽光下；at the age of 在歲時(shí)?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)3 3 冠詞的混合考查冠詞的混合考查 1.不定冠詞a/an和定冠詞the的混合考查。2.零冠詞和冠詞的混合考查。十年真題十年真題全練全練十年來，濰坊市中考對冠詞考查了十次，主要面向冠詞a/an辨析和冠詞的混合考查這兩個(gè)考點(diǎn)，特別是在具體語境下對冠詞用法辨析的考查，這就要求考生要在具體的語言環(huán)境下，準(zhǔn)確把握冠詞的用法；冠詞的混合考查(不定冠詞和定冠詞混合)是未來對于冠詞的考查方向。考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 不定冠詞的用法不定冠詞的用法1.2008濰坊，17題It
19、s _C C_ nice day，isnt it?Yes,what _ fine weather!Aa；a Bthe；the Ca；/Dthe；/2.2010濰坊，16題Avatar(阿凡達(dá))is such _A A_ wonderful science fiction movie that I want to see it _ second time.Aa；a Ba；the C/；the D/；a3.2011濰坊，16題On March 11，2011 _ earthquake hit Japan.Aan Ba C/Dthe4.2014濰坊，16題Reading can make you b
20、ecome_expert and change your life.Aa Ban C/Dthe5.2017濰坊，21題What do you think of the boy?He is _ honest student today and _ useful man tomorrow.Aa；an Ban；a Can；an Da；aA AB BB B考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)3 3 冠詞的混合用法冠詞的混合用法6.2009濰坊，16題_ amusement park you visited yesterday is kind of small，but its _ interesting one.AThe；the
21、B/；a CThe；an DAn；theC C72012濰坊，16題_ old man in _ brown coat over there is Mr.Jackson.AAn；a BAn；the CThe；a DThe；the82013濰坊，16題I missed the beginning of _ cartoon The Lion King.What a pity!You should have left school half _ hour earlier.Aa；an Bthe；a Cthe；an Dan；the92015濰坊，21題Who is _ girl in front of
22、the library?The one with _ umbrella?She is our monitor.Athe；a Bthe；an Ca；an Da；the102016濰坊，21題_ chocolate bread you want is done now.What _ delicious smell!AA；the BA；不填 CThe；a DThe；不填C CC CB BC C猜押預(yù)測猜押預(yù)測1_ apple a day keeps the doctor away.AA BAn CThe D/2This is _ new computer.Aa Ban C/Dthe3Did you
23、have _ good time yesterday?Yeah，I really had _ fun at the party!Aa；/Ba；the C/；the D/；a4David is _ eightyearold boy with short black hair.A/Ba Can Dthe5Dong Guijun is _ first man of Lianyungang to reach the top of Mount Qomolangma.He is _ pride of us.Athe；/Ba；the Cthe；the Da；/B BA AA AC CC C6When is
24、Fathers Day in the United States?Its on _ third Sunday in June.Aa Bthe C/Dan7What did you do last night，Bob?First I did my homework，and then I played _ piano for half _ hour.Athe；a B/；an Cthe；an Da；the8Lucy is _ university student.She likes playing _ piano.Aa；/Ba；the Can；the Dan；/9Do you know _ girl
25、 with long curly hair?Yes，she is Mary.She plays _ piano very well.Aa；/Bthe；/Cthe；the Da；the10Does your father go to work by _ car every day?No，he sometimes takes _ bus.Aa；the Bthe；a C不填；a Da；不填B BB BC CC CC C專項(xiàng)專項(xiàng) 3 3 數(shù)數(shù) 詞詞高頻考點(diǎn)高頻考點(diǎn)精講精講考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成及用法序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成及用法1.構(gòu)成序數(shù)詞用于表示序列，常在基數(shù)詞后加th構(gòu)成，一般在序數(shù)詞前加定冠詞the
26、?；鶖?shù)詞變序數(shù)詞規(guī)律：(1)第1至第19一般是在基數(shù)詞后加th，但變化特殊的有：onefirst，twosecond，threethird，fivefifth，eighteighth，nineninth，twelvetwelfth。(2)逢十的twenty，thirty.ninety，分別改y為i并加上eth。如：twentytwentieth，ninetyninetieth。(3)表示第幾十幾或第幾百幾十幾，只需將個(gè)位數(shù)改為序數(shù)詞。如：56fiftysixfiftysixth；635six hundred and thirtyfivesix hundred and thirtyfifth。【
27、助記】基變序，有規(guī)律，末尾要加th，一二三特殊記，結(jié)尾各是t，d，d，八減t，九去e，f來把ve替，ty改為tie，然后再加th，若是遇到幾十幾，只變個(gè)位就可以。2用法(1)序數(shù)詞前一般情況下必須加the。如：The first one is what I really need.第一個(gè)是我真正需要的。(2)序數(shù)詞前若有限定詞，則不用加the。如：It is my second time to visit Beijing.這是我第二次去參觀北京。(3)序數(shù)詞前也可以加不定冠詞，表示“又一，再”。如：Weve tried it three times.Must we try it a fourt
28、h time?我們已經(jīng)試過三遍了。還必須再試一次嗎？考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)2 2 不確切數(shù)字的表達(dá)方法不確切數(shù)字的表達(dá)方法hundred，thousand，million等數(shù)詞前面有基數(shù)詞或某些表示數(shù)量的形容詞時(shí)，不加s。如：several million people 數(shù)百萬人，two thousand teachers 兩千位老師。但如表示“幾百”“幾千”“幾百萬”等籠統(tǒng)的數(shù)目時(shí)，則在其后加s，再加上of構(gòu)成短語。如：hundreds of books 幾百本書，thousands of workers 幾千個(gè)工人?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)3 3 分?jǐn)?shù)、小數(shù)及百分?jǐn)?shù)分?jǐn)?shù)、小數(shù)及百分?jǐn)?shù)1.分?jǐn)?shù)的分子用基數(shù)詞表示，分母用序
29、數(shù)詞表示，當(dāng)分子大于1時(shí)，序數(shù)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。1/2a/one half；1/3a/one third；1/4a/one fourth或a/one quarter；2/5two fifths。2.小數(shù)是用基數(shù)詞加小數(shù)點(diǎn)表示，小數(shù)點(diǎn)前面的數(shù)按基數(shù)詞的規(guī)則讀，小數(shù)點(diǎn)后面的數(shù)按個(gè)位基數(shù)詞依次讀出。如：0.5zero point five；0.006zero point zero zero six。3.百分?jǐn)?shù)是由基數(shù)詞或小數(shù)加百分號(hào)組成，百分號(hào)(%)讀作percent。如：0.6%zero point six percent；5%five percent。十年真題十年真題全練全練十年來，濰坊市中考對數(shù)詞考
30、查了兩次，主要面向分?jǐn)?shù)構(gòu)成和不確切數(shù)字這兩個(gè)考點(diǎn)。序數(shù)詞、分?jǐn)?shù)和不確切數(shù)字是未來對于數(shù)詞的考查方向?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)3 3 分?jǐn)?shù)、小數(shù)及百分?jǐn)?shù)分?jǐn)?shù)、小數(shù)及百分?jǐn)?shù)1.2009濰坊，22題Nowadays _ of business letters are written in English.Atwo third Btwo thirdsCtwo three Dsecond threeB B考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)2 2 不確切數(shù)字的表達(dá)方法不確切數(shù)字的表達(dá)方法2.2017濰坊，26題“Food Safety”has become one of the hottest topics recently.Yeah，it re
31、ceives _ Internet hits a day.Athousands Bthousands ofCthousand DhundredsB B猜押預(yù)測猜押預(yù)測1We are going on holiday in the _ week of July.Atwo Btwice Csecond Dsecondly2Meimei is going to be an older sister.Her parents are planning to have their _ child.Aone Btwo Cfirst Dsecond3Its reported that people throw
32、 _ plastic bags along this street every day.Ahundred Bhundreds Chundred of Dhundreds of4The environment here becomes better and better._ birds are coming back.AThousands of BThousand of CThousands DThousandA AC CD DD D5_ of the land in that district is covered with trees and grass.AFifth two BTwo fi
33、fth CFifth second DTwo fifths6A recent survey shows that 35 out of 45 students in my class will save their phones first in a fire.About _ of the students made such a choice?Life is far more important，isnt it?Ahalf Bone third Ctwo thirds Dthree quarters7Boys and girls，please turn to Page _ and look a
34、t the _ picture.AFifth；five BFive；five CFifth；fifth DFive；fifthD DD DD D8_ of the students in Class 6 have lunch at school.ATwo fifth BOne thirds CThree fifth DThree quarters9Although you failed four times，I hope you can have _ try.Thank you，I will.Athe fifth Ba fifth Cthe fourth Da fourth10A quarte
35、r to four is _ A3：15 B3：45 C4：15 D3：30B BD DB B專項(xiàng)專項(xiàng) 4 4 代代 詞詞高頻考點(diǎn)高頻考點(diǎn)精講精講考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 人稱代詞、物主代詞及用法人稱代詞、物主代詞及用法人稱代詞人稱代詞物主代詞物主代詞主格賓格形容詞性名詞性第一第一人稱人稱單數(shù)Imemymine復(fù)數(shù)weusourours第二第二人稱人稱單數(shù)youyouyouryours復(fù)數(shù)youyouyouryours第三第三人稱人稱單數(shù)sheherherhershe himhishisitititsits復(fù)數(shù)theythemtheirtheirs1.1.人稱代詞的用法人稱代詞的用法人稱代詞主格在句子中
36、作主語，用在動(dòng)詞前。賓格在句中作賓語，用在動(dòng)詞或介詞后；也可以作表語，用在系動(dòng)詞后。如：We have never been there.我們從未去過那兒。Can you look after her while Im away?我不在時(shí)，你能照顧一下她嗎？Lets go and find him.讓我們?nèi)フ宜?。Whos the boy in the picture?照片中的男孩是誰？Its me.是我。2 2物主代詞的用法物主代詞的用法(1)形容詞性物主代詞在句子中只能作定語，放在名詞之前，不能單獨(dú)使用。如：Hes my best friend.他是我最好的朋友。(2)名詞性物主代詞在句子
37、中可以作主語、賓語或表語，相當(dāng)于名詞，后面不能跟名詞。如：Whose book is this？這是誰的書？Its mine.是我的。(3)形容詞性物主代詞可以和own連用，后面可以跟名詞也可以不跟名詞。如：I saw it with my own eyes.我親眼所見?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)2 2 反身代詞及用法反身代詞及用法人稱人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱第一人稱myselfourselves第二人稱第二人稱yourselfyourselves第三人稱第三人稱himself themselves herselfitself1.反身代詞在句中，跟在動(dòng)詞或介詞后作賓語。如：He can take care of h
38、imself.他能照顧他自己。2反身代詞在句中，跟在系動(dòng)詞后作表語。如：The poor boy in the story was myself.故事中的那個(gè)可憐的男孩是我自己。3反身代詞在句中，跟在名詞或代詞后或放在句末作同位語。如：I myself did it.I did it myself.我自己做的。反身代詞在中考中涉及到介詞后的詞義辨析，應(yīng)牢記對應(yīng)詞的基本意義。另外還要熟悉常見的固定搭配。如：help oneself to“隨便吃”；enjoy oneself“玩得愉快”；teach oneself“自學(xué)”；by oneself“單獨(dú)地，獨(dú)自地”；dress oneself“自己穿
39、衣服”?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)3 3 不定代詞不定代詞1.1.普通不定代詞普通不定代詞some，any，no，few，little，none，many，much，either，neither，one，each，every，another，both，all，other。either/neither/none/no one的區(qū)別：either指(兩者中的)任何一個(gè)。后面的主語用單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞也用單數(shù)。neither指兩者任何一個(gè)都不，修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。none指(三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的)人或物一個(gè)也沒有。作代詞時(shí)，在句中一般作主語或賓語，代替不可數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；代替可數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞則可用
40、單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)形式。none多與of連用，表示對三個(gè)及三個(gè)以上的人或物的否定。no one只指人，一般不與of連用，作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。2 2復(fù)合不定代詞復(fù)合不定代詞表人表人somebodyanybodyeverybodynobodysomeoneanyoneeveryoneno one表物表物somethinganythingeverythingnothing復(fù)合不定代詞的用法：復(fù)合不定代詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。由some構(gòu)成的不定代詞往往用于肯定句中；而由any構(gòu)成的不定代詞則往往用于否定句或疑問句中。由some構(gòu)成的不定代詞有時(shí)也可用于疑問句中，用來表明特殊用意。當(dāng)形容詞
41、或else修飾復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí)，形容詞或else必須放在復(fù)合不定代詞的后面。3 3不定代詞中的指代數(shù)量不定代詞中的指代數(shù)量詞義詞義指兩者指兩者指三者或以上指三者或以上每一個(gè)每一個(gè)eachevery任何一個(gè)任何一個(gè)eitherany另一個(gè)另一個(gè)the otheranother都都bothall都不都不neithernone考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)4 4 指示代詞指示代詞代詞代詞用法用法例句例句itit特指上下文提到的對象是同一事物The book is mine.Its very interesting.這本書是我的。它非常有趣。one one 泛指上下文提及的同類事物中的一個(gè)，同類而不同一Who has a n
42、ovel named Tiny Times？誰有一本小說名字叫小時(shí)代？I have one.我有一本。that that 常用于比較結(jié)構(gòu)中，代替前面提到的名詞，以避免重復(fù)The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai.北京的天氣比上海冷一些。thisthis常用來指代離自己較近的人或物This is my friend.這是我的朋友。十年真題十年真題全練全練十年來，濰坊市中考對代詞考查了十四次，主要面向人稱代詞、物主代詞、不定代詞、反身代詞和指示代詞這幾個(gè)考點(diǎn)。人稱代詞、物主代詞、不定代詞是未來對于代詞的主要考查方向?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1
43、 人稱代詞、物主代詞及用法人稱代詞、物主代詞及用法1.2011濰坊，18題 It cant be Lucys bike.Look!_ is under the tree.AShe BHer CHers DShes22012濰坊，19題 My first teacher，Ms.Yao，was very strict with _Aus Bwe Cour Dours32015濰坊，23題 Lucys strawberries are fresher than _AI Bme Cmy DmineC CA AD D考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)2 2 反身代詞及用法反身代詞及用法4.2011濰坊，20題Teenagers
44、should learn to protect _ from all kinds of dangers.Athem BtheyCtheir Dthemselves52013濰坊，19題The song I Believe I Can Fly tells us that believing in _ is very important.Athemselves BitselfCourselves Dyourselves62016濰坊，24題Peter doesnt feel sure of _ in his new school.Ahe Bhim Chis DhimselfD DC CD D考點(diǎn)考
45、點(diǎn)3 3 不定代詞不定代詞7.2009濰坊，19題“Have _ try，you are so close to the answer，”the teacher encourages the kids.Athe other Bone another Cother Danother82010濰坊，27題Would you like tea or coffee?_ is OK.I really dont mind.ANone BEither CNeither DBoth92012濰坊，22題Lincoln came from nothing，yet he did _ that changed th
46、e world.Asomething Bnothing Ceverything Danything102013濰坊，28題I have two sisters，but _ of them is a teacher.Aall Bneither Cboth Dnone112014濰坊，17題A smile costs _，but gives so much.So we should learn to smile.Asomething Banything Cnothing DeverythingD DB BA AB BC C考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)4 4 指示代詞指示代詞12.2008濰坊，19題The machi
47、nes made in China are cheaper than _ made in Japan.Aones Bthat Cthose Dit132010濰坊，18題Im expecting a pet dog for long，but Mom has no time to buy _ for me.Ait Bone Cthis Dthat142011濰坊，17題The banana pie tastes delicious.Could I have another _？Aone Bit Cthis DthatC CB BA A猜押預(yù)測猜押預(yù)測1Nancy and Kate are goo
48、d friends._ are both from England.AWe BYou CThey DHe2Hi，Sara.Is this _ English book?No._ is on the desk.Ayour；Mine Byour；My Cyours；Mine Dyours；My3Heres a box of chocolate on our desk.For me or for your mom?Its _，Dad.Happy Fathers Day!Ahers Bher Cyours Dyou4What a nice model plane!Thanks.I made it wi
49、th 3D printer by _.Ame Bhim Citself Dmyself5If we just think about _，the boat of friendship will be overturned anytime.Amyself Bhimself Cyourself DourselvesD DC CA AC CD D6Im sorry I know _ about it.Its a secret between them.Anothing Bsomething Canything Deverything7The twins look exactly the same._
50、 of them are in my class.AEach BBoth CEither DNone8Do you know who taught _ Russian?Nobody.He learned it by _ Ahis；himself Bhim；him Chim；himself Dhis；him9Is there _ beef in the fridge?No，there isnt.There is _ pork.Asome；any Bany；any Csome；some Dany；some10My father is a worker._ is very kind.AHe BShe
51、 CHis DItA AB BC CD DA A11Do you have toys?Id like to buy _ for my cousin.Ait Bone Cthis Dthat12I cant find my ticket.I think I must have lost _ Ait Bone Cthis Dthem13I want to buy some books，but I cant find a bookstore.I know _ nearby.Let me show you.Athat Bit Cone DanyB BA AC C專項(xiàng)專項(xiàng) 5 5 介介 詞詞高頻考點(diǎn)高頻
52、考點(diǎn)精講精講考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 表時(shí)間介詞的辨析表時(shí)間介詞的辨析1.at1.at表示具體的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如：at six oclock在六點(diǎn)；at half past four在四點(diǎn)半。at 還常用在一些固定短語中。at New Year 在新年；at the age of 在歲時(shí)；at the end of 在最后；at first 起初。2 2inin(1)表示時(shí)間：與年、月、日、周、季節(jié)、早晨、下午或晚上等名詞連用。如：in 2016 在2016年；in September 在九月份；in the morning在上午。(2)“in時(shí)間段”表示將來，意為“(時(shí)間)以后”。3 3onon表示具體某日
53、或某日的上午、下午或晚上。如：on Sunday在星期天；on March 2nd在三月二號(hào)；on Tuesday afternoon在星期二下午；on a hot morning在一個(gè)炎熱的早晨。4 4beforebefore，afterafterbefore“在之前”，after“在之后”，常用于時(shí)間點(diǎn)前。5 5byby“by時(shí)間點(diǎn)”表示“在以前，到為止”。如果后跟將來的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，句子應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)；如果后跟過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，句子應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)。6 6duringduringduring后可接特定的某一段時(shí)間，即during時(shí)間段，表示“在期間”，常與一般過去時(shí)連用，表示某個(gè)期間的動(dòng)作。7 7u
54、ntiluntiluntiltill，意為“直到(時(shí)候)”，后接時(shí)間點(diǎn)，常用于not.until.結(jié)構(gòu)中，表示“直到才”，until后接時(shí)間點(diǎn)。8 8sincesincesince表示“自從以來(直到現(xiàn)在)”，主句是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，后可接過去的時(shí)間或一般過去時(shí)從句?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)2 2 表地點(diǎn)介詞的辨析表地點(diǎn)介詞的辨析1.at1.at，inin，ononat較小地點(diǎn)；in較大地點(diǎn)。如：at the bus stop在公共汽車站，in Beijing在北京。on表示“在上面”，表示和物體表面相接觸。on表示地理位置時(shí)，意為“瀕臨，緊挨著”。2 2in front ofin front of，behindb
55、ehind，in the front ofin the front of，at the at the back ofback of表示表示“前后前后”in front of常指位置“在的前面/正面”，其反義詞為behind“在后面”。in the front of也指位置，“在前部”，指一物體在另一物體的內(nèi)部的前方，其反義詞為at the back of“在后面”。3 3inin，insideinside，outsideoutside，intointo，out ofout of表示表示“里外里外”in“在內(nèi)部”。inside“在里面，到里面”，反義詞為outside“在外面”。into“到內(nèi)”
56、，反義詞為out of“到外面”。考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)3 3 表方式介詞的辨析表方式介詞的辨析介詞介詞用法用法例句例句byby表示交通工具的名詞He goes to school by bike.他騎自行車去上學(xué)。byv.ing表示“通過方式”He learns English by listening to the radio.他通過聽收音機(jī)學(xué)英語。inin語言類名詞或具體工具Please speak it in English.請用英語說。Dont write it in pencil.不要用鉛筆寫。on通過收音機(jī)、電視等He is listening to music on the radio.他正
57、在收音機(jī)上聽音樂。with表示用某種工具用身體的某一部位或器官,Cut the bag with the knife.用刀子割開這個(gè)包。考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)4 4 常用介詞的固定搭配常用介詞的固定搭配1.1.介詞名詞介詞名詞at night 在夜里；at school 在學(xué)校；in the sun 在太陽下；in the end 最后；at the same time 同時(shí)；on time 按時(shí)；on foot 步行。2 2形容詞介詞形容詞介詞be late for 遲到；be afraid of害怕；be good for 對有好處；be famous for 因而出名；be different fro
58、m 與不同。3 3動(dòng)詞介詞動(dòng)詞介詞ask for 要求；leave for動(dòng)身去；send for派人去找；pay for付錢；wait for等待；agree with 同意?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)5 5 近義介詞辨析近義介詞辨析1.besides/except1.besides/except(1)besides“除之外還有”，包括后面所提到的人或物。(2)except“除了之外”，表示不包括后面所提的人或物。2 2between/amongbetween/among(1)between表示兩個(gè)人或物之間。(2)among表示三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或物之間。3 3across/through/overacro
59、ss/through/over(1)across表示動(dòng)作是在某一物體的表面進(jìn)行，指經(jīng)過表面。(2)through表示動(dòng)作是在某一空間內(nèi)進(jìn)行，指穿過空間。(3)over指從物體上方跨越過去。4 4above/below/underabove/below/under(1)above“在上”，不與物體表面接觸。(2)below“在下方”，不強(qiáng)調(diào)在其正下方，和above相對，意為“低于(溫度、數(shù)值等)”。(3)under意為“在下方”，強(qiáng)調(diào)在垂直的下方。十年真題十年真題全練全練考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 表時(shí)間介詞的辨析表時(shí)間介詞的辨析十年來，濰坊市中考對介詞考查了九次，主要面向地點(diǎn)介詞、時(shí)間介詞和方式介詞這三個(gè)
60、考點(diǎn)。地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間和方式介詞仍是未來對于介詞的考查方向。1.2013濰坊，18題When did the terrible earthquake happen in Yaan，Sichuan?It happened _ 8：02 _ the morning of April 20th，2013.Aon；in Bat；on Cat；in Don；on22016濰坊，22題Hurry up!The movie will begin _ 10 minutes.Aover Bin Cfor DatB BB B考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)2 2 表地點(diǎn)介詞的辨析表地點(diǎn)介詞的辨析3.2009濰坊，27題Last week wh
61、en she walked_ the lake，she saw someone _ in it.Apassed；swim Bpassed；swimmingCpast；swim Dpast；swimming42010濰坊，28題The little elephant is afraid to go alone.He always walks _ his mother.Abesides BbesideCbelow Dunder52011濰坊，21題The moonlight goes _ the window and makes the room bright.Aacross Bthrough C
62、over Din62015濰坊，22題You must be careful when you swim_ the lake.Aacross Bbelow Cover DthroughD DB BB BA A考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)3 3 表方式介詞的辨析表方式介詞的辨析7.2012濰坊，18題No one can be successful _ hard work.Athrough BforCwith Dwithout82014濰坊，19題What can I do for you?I hope I have a nice house _ a big garden.Aof Bwith Cfrom Dabou
63、tD DB B考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)4 4 固定搭配固定搭配9.2008濰坊，27We looked at each other _surprise when we heard a bird singing“Happy birthday to you”Ain Bto Cby DatA A猜押預(yù)測猜押預(yù)測1Teachers Day is _ September 10.Ain Bon Cat Dto2Anna is in a hurry because the train is leaving _ half an hour.Afor Bby Cin Dafter3Jim lives _ a small vill
64、age and the air there is very fresh.Aon Bin Cunder Dfrom4At the farewell party，Kobe Bryant said，“_ the support of my fans，it would be hard for me to achieve such great success.”AWith BUnder CThrough DWithout5The sweet smell of the flowers in the garden comes in _ the open window，making us feel in a
65、good mood(心情)Aon Bwith Cthrough DacrossB BC CB BD DC C6The 3D film The Angry Birds opened in Chinese cinemas _ May 20，2016.Aon Bat Cin Dto7Do you remember what she looked like when you first met her?Of course.She was tall and thin _ long hair.Ain Bwith Con Dto8My mother says my friend is similar _ m
66、e，but I think she is different _ me.Aas；from Bto；from Cto；to Das；to9We should be kind to the old and take care _ them in daily life.Aof Bfor Cwith Dabout10I often go to the bookstore _ Quancheng Road although its crowded.Aon Bfor Cfrom DbetweenA AB BB BA AA A專項(xiàng)專項(xiàng) 6 6 連連 詞詞考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 1 并列連詞并列連詞1.1.表示平行或承接關(guān)系的并列連詞表示平行或承接關(guān)系的并列連詞這類連詞主要有and，neither.nor.，not only.but(also).，both.and.，as well as等。2 2表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列連詞表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列連詞這類連詞主要有but，yet，while(然而)，however等。3 3表示選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞表示選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞這類連詞主要有or，either.or.，not.but.
（濰坊專）中考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 專題語法 高效突破 專項(xiàng)1-8課件
