2019版高考大一輪復習英語名師課件：第二部分 基礎語法 2018年高考英語全國卷語法題

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1、語 法 填 空 2018年全國卷 According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 _ (long) than non-runners. You dont have to run fast or for long 62 _(see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 _(die) early by running. dyingto see longe

2、r While running regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it 64 _ (be) more effective at lengthening life 65 _ walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 _ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of hea

3、rt disease and early deaths from all 67_ (cause). causeswhich/that than is The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwiseits probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 _ (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running

4、 shoes. Running is cheap, easy and its always 69 _ (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 _ a try. itenergetic strengthen 本文講一份醫(yī)學雜志上的一篇評論文章，根據(jù)調查，跑步有許多益處。61. longer 由than可知要用比較級。跑步者較不跑步者多活三年。62. to

5、 see 作目的狀語用不定式。63. dying 在介詞后用動名詞。順便提提，雖然也可用名詞death作賓語，但有副詞early修飾，所以只能用動名詞dying。64. is 一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是第三人稱單數(shù)。65. than 由前面的more effective可知，是比較級，用than連接比較對象。 66. which/that 先行詞是a study，在定語從句中作主語，用關系代詞which或that。67. causes 由前面的all可知用復數(shù)。68. strengthen 表示目的的不定式，“to +動詞原形”。69. energetic 作表語要用形容詞，表示“精力旺盛的,充滿活力

6、的”。70. it 作間接賓語，作賓語用代詞，代替前文的running，用it。當然直接填running也可以。 2018年全國卷 Diets have changed in China-and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 61 _ (grow) more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 62 _ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. A taste

7、for meat is 63 _ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. actually actuallyhas grown Another reason for corns rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64 _(improve) water quality. Corn uses less water 65 _ rice

8、and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased 66 _(pollute) in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people. According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67 _ (globe) fertilizer consumption. globalpollution thanto

9、improve The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005-when the government 68 _ (start) a soil-testing program 69 _ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers-and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission (排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon

10、dioxide. Chinas approach to protecting its environment while 70 _ (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says the banks Juergen Voegele.feeding which /thatstarted 中國飲食的變化，所種作物也在變化。玉米的種植增長了許多，而水稻種得增長慢，并分析了其中的原因。另外，還談到化肥的使用上中國政府給農(nóng)民具體指導，大大減少了用量，有利環(huán)境

11、保護，也給世界公民或政策制訂者提供了中國方案。61. has grown 根據(jù)時間狀語Since 2011和下句謂語動詞時態(tài)的提示可知，用現(xiàn)在完成時。62. the 因over /in the past few years (在最近幾年里)是固定短語?；蛱刂竸倓傔^去的這25年里。63. actually 作狀語用副詞。 64. to improve 作目的狀語用動詞不定式。65. than 由less可知是比較級。66. pollution 作賓語用名詞。67. global 作定語要用形容詞。68. started 是從句的謂語，由2005可知用一般過去時。69. which /that 引

12、導定語從句并在從句中作主語，先行詞是soil-testing program，用which或that。70. feeding 由其后的賓語its citizens可知, 只能是主動關系, 要用現(xiàn)在分詞。這是“連詞+分詞”結構。 2018年全國卷 Im not sure 61 _ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩)that suddenly appears out of nowhere. Im walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexp

13、ectedly, Im face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 62 _ top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. the which He screams the 63 _ (loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself,

14、ducking my head to avoid 64 _(look) directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel 65 _ (challenge). My name is Mireya Mayor. Im a 66 _ (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching 67 _ these three western lowland gorillas Id been observing. for scientistchallenged lookingloudes

15、t No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried. When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 68 _(they) alive. True to a gorillas unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69 _ (mean) me no real harm. He was just saying: “Im king of this forest, and here

16、is your reminder!” Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70 _(stay) and watch. to staymeant them 作者是位研究猿猴的科學家，記敘一次偶遇大猩猩的情況。61. which 引導賓語從句并在從句中作主語，由后面的me or the female gorilla，可知是選擇關系，填which。62. the 特指她的肺的頂端，意為“扯開嗓子尖叫”。63. loudest 由表示范圍的of all可知用最高級。64. looking 由avoid doing可知。65. challenged

17、 指感覺到受到挑戰(zhàn)，he與challenge(向挑戰(zhàn))是被動關系，用過去分詞作表語。 66. scientist 在冠詞a后用名詞，此處是表示職業(yè)身份的名詞作表語，意為“科學家”。67. for 因search for (=try to find尋找)是固定搭配。68. them 作find的賓語用其賓格。69. meant 由前后句謂語動詞的時態(tài)可知，用一般過去時。70. to stay 由allow sb to do sth可知。 短 文 改 錯 2018年全國卷During my last winter holiday, I went to countrysidewith my fath

18、er to visit my grandparents. I find a bigchange there. The first time I went there, they wereliving in a small house with dogs, ducks, and anotheranimals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. thefoundotherthere chickens They also had a small p

19、ond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed. andwhere(或在which前加in)selling happy 去年寒假作者同父親一起回鄉(xiāng)下看望爺爺奶奶

20、，發(fā)現(xiàn)與第一次回鄉(xiāng)下相比，有了很大的變化。作者計劃每兩年回鄉(xiāng)下一次，得到父母的贊同。1. 在countryside前加the 就像the same一樣，通常要說the countryside，即same和countryside的前面通常要加上the。2. find改為found 由時間狀語During my last winter holiday可知用一般過去時；由前后句中的went也可知，改為found后才前后時態(tài)一致。 3. another改為other 因為了another是 “另一個”其后接的名詞只能是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，而由前面的dogs, ducks及常識可知，不會是“另外一個動物”，還

21、是“其它動物”，故改為other。4. here改為there 習慣上說come here和go there，相對于說話人來說，離自己近處叫here，離自己遠處叫there。5. chicken改為chickens 由dozens of (幾十, 許多)可知，其后的名詞用復數(shù)。 6. which改為where (或在which前加in) 因they raised fish主謂賓齊全，而which是代詞，代詞是要作主語或賓語等的，which一定是錯了；“他們養(yǎng)魚”應是“在池塘”里養(yǎng)，先行詞是表示地點的a small pond(小池塘)，故用作地點狀語的關系副詞where，或者在which前加in

22、，in which =and in the pond。7. sell改為selling 動詞在介詞后作賓語，通常要用動名詞，這是高考中的高頻考點。 8. happily改為happy 因在系動詞felt后作表語要用形容詞。9. 刪除every two years前的for 在today, yesterday, tomorrow, last Sunday, next month, this week, that year, every day, every two years等之類的時間狀語前，習慣上不用介詞。10. but改為and 因“我告訴父親我計劃每隔一年回鄉(xiāng)下一次”與“他同意了”不是轉折關系，不用but，而是順承關系，故改為and。 Thank you !