高考英語(yǔ)大一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法 第五課時(shí) 特殊句式課件 牛津譯林版

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1、第五課時(shí)特殊句式1.(2016天津高考)You are waiting at a wrong place.It is at the hotel _the coach picks up tourists. A.who B.which C.where D.that 答案D句意：你等錯(cuò)地方了，長(zhǎng)途客車(chē)是在旅館接游客的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是一個(gè)對(duì)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，故用that。感 悟 高 考2.(2015重慶高考)Bach died in 1750，but it was not until the early 19th century _ his musical gift was ful

2、ly recognized. A.while B.though C.that D.after 答案C句意：巴赫于1750年去世，但是他的音樂(lè)才能一直到19世紀(jì)早期才完全被認(rèn)可。本句是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：It is/was被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that其他，本句被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是not until the early 19th century，故選C。3.(2015天津高考)Only when Lily walked into the office _ that she had left the contract at home. A.she realized B.has she realized C.s

3、he has realized D.did she realize 答案D句意：直到莉莉走進(jìn)辦公室時(shí)，她才意識(shí)到她把合同忘在家里了。“only狀語(yǔ)從句”位于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，主句要用部分倒裝。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)when Lily walked into the office可知要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故答案為D。4.(2015江蘇高考)It might have saved me some trouble _ the schedule. A.did I know B.have I known C.do I know D.had I known 答案D句意：要是早知道時(shí)間表的話(huà)，可能會(huì)省去我一些麻煩。由句意和m

4、ight have saved可知，句子用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣。本句表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的情況，故從句謂語(yǔ)用had known。if引導(dǎo)的非真實(shí)條件句中含有were，had，should時(shí)，可將它們提到主語(yǔ)之前，并將if省略。5.(2015湖南高考)Only after talking to two students _ that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals. A.I did discover B.did I discover C.I discovered D.discovered I 答

5、案B句意：直到跟兩個(gè)學(xué)生談了話(huà)以后我才發(fā)現(xiàn)，有強(qiáng)烈的動(dòng)機(jī)是達(dá)到目標(biāo)的最重要的因素之一。only修飾after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，且位于句首，故句子需用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序。6.(2015湖南高考)Video games can be a poor influence if _ in the wrong hands. A.to leave B.leaving C.leave D.left 答案D句意：如果落在不合適的人的手中，電子游戲就會(huì)有一個(gè)很壞的影響。leave的邏輯主語(yǔ)是video games，主語(yǔ)video games與leave之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞。if left.是“連詞過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成的

6、狀語(yǔ)從句的省略?？键c(diǎn)一強(qiáng)調(diào)句考 點(diǎn) 清 單規(guī)則 基本句型：It is/was被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that/who其他。It was the culture，rather than the language，that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.(2014福建，29)是文化而不是語(yǔ)言使他很難適應(yīng)國(guó)外的新環(huán)境。(強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ))規(guī)則 一般疑問(wèn)句形式：Is/Was it被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that/who其他？Is it Professor Wang who teaches you English?是王教授教你們英語(yǔ)的嗎？規(guī)則 特殊疑

7、問(wèn)句形式：特殊疑問(wèn)詞is/was itthat其他？When was it that he made up his mind to take this course？他是什么時(shí)候決定選修這門(mén)課程的？規(guī)則 含有not.until.的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：It is/was not until被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that.其他。It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I recognized her.直到她摘下墨鏡，我才認(rèn)出她?？键c(diǎn)二部分倒裝規(guī)則 當(dāng)否定詞或帶有否定意義的詞或短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)，常用部分倒裝。這類(lèi)詞或短語(yǔ)有：little，few，never，s

8、eldom，rarely，by no means，not only，not until，at no time，under/in no circumstances，in no case，in no way，no sooner，hardly，scarcely等。Not until he went through real hardship did he realize the love we have for our families is important.直到他經(jīng)歷真正的困難時(shí)，他才意識(shí)到我們對(duì)家人的愛(ài)是重要的。規(guī)則 當(dāng)only修飾的副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句位于句首時(shí)。Only when y

9、ou can find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships with others.只有當(dāng)你找到內(nèi)心的平靜時(shí)，你才能與他人保持良好的關(guān)系。規(guī)則 “sobe/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)”表示前面所說(shuō)的肯定情況也適合于另一人或物，意為“也是如此”。If a healthy environment is gone，so is everything that our life depends on.如果一個(gè)健康的環(huán)境消失了，我們賴(lài)以生存的一切也會(huì)消失。規(guī)則 “neither/norbe/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)”表示前面否定的內(nèi)容也適用于另一

10、人或物，意為“也不這樣”。Liu Jia cant answer the question.Neither/Nor can Peter.劉佳回答不上來(lái)這個(gè)問(wèn)題。彼得也回答不上來(lái)。規(guī)則 在so/such.that.結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)“so形容詞/副詞”或“such名詞”位于句首時(shí)，主句使用部分倒裝。So suddenly did he catch the disease that the whole family were at a great loss.他患病太突然，全家人全然不知所措。規(guī)則 在as/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)從句的表語(yǔ)/狀語(yǔ)/動(dòng)詞位于句首時(shí)，用部分倒裝。如果位于句首的是單數(shù)

11、可數(shù)名詞，其前不加冠詞。Child as he is，he knows a lot about computer.盡管他是個(gè)孩子，但對(duì)電腦了解很多。規(guī)則 在含有had/were/should的虛擬條件句中，可以省略if，將had/were/should放在主語(yǔ)之前，構(gòu)成部分倒裝。Had Tom invited me，I would have been glad to come.要是湯姆邀請(qǐng)我的話(huà)，我會(huì)很愿意來(lái)的?？键c(diǎn)三完全倒裝規(guī)則 表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和動(dòng)作轉(zhuǎn)移的副詞，如here，there，now，then，up，down，in，away，out等置于句首時(shí)，且主語(yǔ)是名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞，句

12、子需用完全倒裝。此時(shí)，句子多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過(guò)去時(shí)。The moment the bell rang，out rushed the children.鈴一響，孩子們就沖了出去。規(guī)則 當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)，且主語(yǔ)是名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞，為了避免頭重腳輕，句子需進(jìn)行完全倒裝。Just in front of the bus lies an injured man，all covered with blood.公共汽車(chē)的前面躺著一個(gè)受傷的人，渾身是血?？键c(diǎn)四狀語(yǔ)從句的省略規(guī)則 在時(shí)間、條件、讓步、方式等狀語(yǔ)從句中，可以用省略結(jié)構(gòu)。省略必須具備兩個(gè)條件：從句的主語(yǔ)是it或主從句的主語(yǔ)一致。Ev

13、en if (I am ) invited to，I wont go to such a bad lecture.即使邀請(qǐng)我去，我都不想聽(tīng)如此差的報(bào)告。規(guī)則 從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞含有be動(dòng)詞。此時(shí)可以省略從句的主語(yǔ)it和be動(dòng)詞。Unless (it is) necessary，youd better not turn to him.除非有必要，你最好不要向他請(qǐng)求幫助?？键c(diǎn)五祈使句/名詞詞組and/or/otherwise句式規(guī)則 祈使句and陳述句(If.，主句)Find ways to praise your children often，and youll find they will ope

14、n their hearts to you.If you find ways to praise your children often，youll find they will open their hearts to you.找方法經(jīng)常表?yè)P(yáng)你的孩子，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們會(huì)向你敞開(kāi)心扉。規(guī)則 祈使句or/otherwise陳述句(If.not.，主句)Hurry up or we will be late.If you dont hurry up，we will be late.快點(diǎn)兒，否則我們就遲到了。規(guī)則 名詞詞組and/or/otherwiseA few more efforts and y

15、ou will succeed.If you make a few more efforts，you will succeed.再努力些，你會(huì)成功的。1.還原法解 題 策 略一般說(shuō)來(lái)，對(duì)于一些特殊的句型，我們可以把它還原為正常的句型，如把倒裝句還原為陳述句等等。(1)At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River _，one of the ten largest cities in China.A.lies Chongqing B.Chongqing liesC.does lie Chongqing D.does

16、Chongqing lie答案A分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)得知，此處將地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)提前且主語(yǔ)為名詞，故句子需用完全倒裝形式，所以選A項(xiàng)。(2)Is everyone here?Not yet.Look，there _ the rest of our guests!A.come B.comesC.is coming D.are coming答案A本句中there放在句首，句子采用了倒裝句式，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)該根據(jù)句子的主語(yǔ)the rest of our guests來(lái)判斷，故答案為A。2.結(jié)構(gòu)分析法在一些試題中要注意區(qū)別一些特殊的句型，如倒裝句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句、反意疑問(wèn)句、祈使句等。(1)It was from onl

17、y a few supplies that she had bought in the village _ the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.A.where B.thatC.when D.which答案B此題迷惑點(diǎn)在于強(qiáng)調(diào)部分中含有一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句that she had bought in the village。(2)Johns success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work _ has made him what he is today.A.why B.whenC.

18、which D.that答案D題干為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為years of hard work，故選D項(xiàng)。3.固定句型判斷法在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中，要掌握各種句型，注意積累一些經(jīng)典的句型，把它們運(yùn)用到日常寫(xiě)作中，以達(dá)到真正掌握的目的。English has a large vocabulary, hasnt it?Yes._ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate. A.Know B.KnowingC.To know D.Known答案A根據(jù)題干中的and和will就可以判斷答案是A?！捌硎咕鋋nd/or主語(yǔ)will.”結(jié)構(gòu)，祈使句表示條件，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件句。