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致謝
摘 要
在橡膠工業(yè)中，由于所有的橡膠加工的過程都要經(jīng)過煉膠加工工序，所以煉膠設備已經(jīng)成為了通用設備，且已成為了橡膠機械中很重要的設備之一。現(xiàn)在的煉膠設備主要包括開煉機，密煉機（間斷停歇式生產(chǎn)，現(xiàn)在很通用）連續(xù)混煉擠出機（可連續(xù)生產(chǎn)，橡膠的生產(chǎn)工業(yè)中正在研究，塑料方面已進入工業(yè)化）。
在橡膠生產(chǎn)工業(yè)中，混煉車間作為整個橡膠生產(chǎn)行業(yè)的核心，是橡膠工廠最重要的一個部門，同時也是能源消耗的大戶，占總能源消耗的40%左右，也是現(xiàn)在重點需要節(jié)能的部門或者工序之一。它包含了烘箱，密煉機及其相應的輔助機器，開煉機和切膠機。在最近的幾年中，由于國外的橡膠工業(yè)的發(fā)展迅速，不僅僅在加工技術方面進步很大，在設備方面也有了更大的發(fā)展，因此也在電子計算機管理和煉膠的控制作業(yè)中有了很廣泛的引用，進而也使煉膠系統(tǒng)的自動化水平有了很大的提高，同時也引起了煉膠系統(tǒng)的變化。
最近幾年中，國外煉膠技術的改革的結果證明：首先對煉膠機和其相應的輔助裝置進行改革，然后使其進入現(xiàn)代化，進而使煉膠作業(yè)最佳化，同時有了較高的效率和較高的勞動生產(chǎn)力，才能讓煉膠系統(tǒng)的技術創(chuàng)新得到真正的實現(xiàn)。經(jīng)過數(shù)年的改革，現(xiàn)代的煉膠系統(tǒng)，尤其是煉膠產(chǎn)的煉膠系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)發(fā)展到了自動化水平較高的工程系統(tǒng)。
開煉機全名叫做開放式煉膠機，開煉機在橡膠工業(yè)中的使用歷史中最為悠久。隨著橡膠工業(yè)的生產(chǎn)中逐漸誕生，隨著橡膠工業(yè)的發(fā)展而相應發(fā)展。成為了橡膠工業(yè)加工橡膠，塑料的通用設備之一，也是常用和基本設備之一。根據(jù)粗略簡單的統(tǒng)計，當前我國每年生產(chǎn)開煉機大約5000臺。每年還有大量的開煉機出口到越南等地區(qū)。
開煉機主要用于塑煉天然橡膠，也用于混煉生膠與配合劑，或者膠料的壓片和膠料的熱煉之用。開練機主要由減速器，機座，輥筒，機架，傳動齒輪，加熱和冷卻裝置，輥溫調節(jié)裝置，安全制動裝置及電動機，等組成。其中輥筒有冷硬鑄鐵制成，其光滑的表面室友磨削而形成。輥筒的內部的結構是空心的，根據(jù)不同使用的需求，通入冷卻水或者蒸汽進行冷卻。
為了調節(jié)輥筒在煉膠過程中的溫度，把水通過進水管導入輥筒的內腔中，溢流從輥筒的一端的喇叭孔中進入溢流槽中再次派出，為了安全操作，可以拉動開煉機上端的安全拉桿，當拉動拉桿后，就可以自動切斷電源，通過電磁抱閘而使其自動停車。為了防止塑料從輥筒兩端擠入輥筒軸承的部位，裝有相應的擋膠板.
關鍵詞：開煉機； 傳動系統(tǒng)； 結構形式
Abstract
In the rubber industry, with all the rubber processing goes through the process of rubber mixing processing working procedure, so the rubber mixing equipment has become the universal equipment, and has become one of important equipment in the rubber machinery. Now rubber mixing equipment mainly includes the mixing machine, mixer, intermittent stop production, now very general) continuous mixing extruder, can be continuous production, are studying in the rubber production industry, has entered the industrialization in plastic).
Mixing workshop 1 in the rubber manufacturing industry, as the core of the rubber industry and rubber factory is one of the most important sector, is also a large energy consumption, accounting for about 40% of the total energy consumption, also is one of the key to energy conservation department or the process now. It contains a baking oven, mixer and its corresponding auxiliary machine, mixing machine and rubber cutting machine. Abroad in recent years, due to the rubber industry is developing rapidly, not only has made great progress in processing technology, also had a bigger development in terms of equipment, so also in the electronic computer in the management and control of rubber mixing operation with a wide range of references, and also make the rubber mixing system automation level had the very big enhancement, but also caused the change of the rubber mixing system.
In recent years, the reform of the foreign rubber mixing technology of results show that: first of all, rubber mixing machine and its corresponding auxiliary device for reform, and then make it into modernization, thus make the rubber mixing operation optimization, at the same time with high efficiency and higher labor productivity, to make the rubber mixing system of technology innovation to get real implementation. After several years of reform, the modern rubber mixing systems, especially made in rubber mixing rubber mixing system has developed to a higher level of automation engineering system.
Mixing machine full name is called open rubber mixing machine, the use of mixing mill for rubber industry in the history of the longest. With gradually was born in the production of rubber industry, with the development of rubber industry and the corresponding development. Become the rubber industry processing rubber, plastics, one of the universal equipment is one of the common and basic equipment. According to rough statistics, simple current production mixing mill about 5000 every year in our country. Every year there are a lot of mixing mill exported to Vietnam and other regions.
Mixing mill is mainly used for the molding of natural rubber, also used for mixing raw rubber and compound, or tablet of the rubber and rubber thermal refining. Machine is mainly composed of reducer, up to practice base, bin, racks, drive gears, heating and cooling device, bin, temperature adjusting device, safety brake equipment and motor, etc. There bin cylinder chilled cast iron, 5 in order to regulate the temperature of a bin tube in the process of rubber mixing, through the water inlet pipe import bin cylinder in the inner chamber, the overflow from the bin tube hole in the side of the horn, into the overflow tank is sending for safety operation, can pull the lever to the mixing machine safety, after the pull rod, can automatically cut off power supply, through the electromagnetic brake and the automatic parking. In order to prevent the plastic from the bin tube ends piled into bin cylinder bearing parts, equipped with corresponding block rubber sheet.
Key words:The Drive System; The Transmission System; The Structure Form
目 錄
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 概述 1
1.2加熱方法 1
1.3傳動方式 2
1.4輥筒軸承 3
1.5制動裝置 3
第二章 主要參數(shù)確定 4
2.1 技術參數(shù) 4
2.2橫壓力的確定 4
2.3驅動功率 4
2.4生產(chǎn)能力 5
第三章 傳動系統(tǒng) 6
3.1 傳動系統(tǒng)圖 6
3.2減速器設計計算 6
3.3軸校核： 14
3.3.1軸Ⅱ： 18
3.3.2軸Ⅲ： 22
3.4鍵的校核 26
第四章 主要零部件計算 28
4.1輥筒 28
4.2輥筒軸承 32
4.3機架和橫梁 32
4.4輥距調節(jié)裝置 32
4.5輥溫調節(jié)裝置 33
4.6潤滑系統(tǒng) 33
結論 35
參考文獻 36
致謝 37