外文原文The history of the development of packaging machinery in China1 introduction of packaging machineryPackaging machinery refers to the completion of all or part of the process of packaging products and machinery. The packaging process includes the main process of filling, wrapping, sealing, and before and after the associated processes, such as cleaning, stacking and disassembly. In addition, the package also includes the measurement or in the processes of stamp packages. Mechanical packaging products can improve productivity, reduce labor intensity, to meet the needs of large-scale production, and to meet hygiene requirements.2 the history of the development of packaging machineryPackaging machinery with new packaging materials, packaging technology and continuous innovation and development. Chinese invention in the history of papermaking technology, provides the conditions for the generation of paper packaging. 1850 world paper prices fell, paper packaging used for food. In 1852 the United States Wally invented the system bag machine, thus the emergence of paper products machinery. In 1861 Germany built the world's first packaging machinery factory, and in 1911 the production of fully automatic forming filling sealing machine.3 of China's current situation of the development of packaging machineryChina packaging machinery started late, after 20 years of development, China's packaging machinery has become one of the ten major industries of machinery industry, and provides an effective guarantee for the rapid development of China's packaging industry, some packaging machinery to fill the domestic blank, has been able to basically meet the needs of the domestic market, some products are exported. China packaging machinery exports less than 5% of total output, imports and total production value is roughly the same, and the developed country far.From product development, Chinese also basically pauses in the test stage of imitation, self development ability is weak, the lack of scientific research and production test base, scientific research funds accounted for only 1% of sales, while the foreign up to 8-10%. The overall technical level of technical level China packaging machinery compared to 20 years behind the advanced countries, in product development, performance, quality, reliability, service and other aspects of the competitive disadvantage. Packaging machinery in under the premise of continuous development, in the packaging industry, can see the packaging machinery industry in the contradictions, enterprises can not cope with changes in the situation, industry development ideas incompatible with the development of the situation; technical innovation ability is weak, the slow progress of technology, new product development is still not fundamentally get rid of imitation research and tracking situation, competitiveness is not strong, economic growth, the promotion of benefit is still mainly rely on the scale of pulling. In addition, there are still some packaging machinery enterprise management extensive, yet to achieve fine management; market consciousness, competition consciousness, suffering consciousness is not strong, service market, customer service consciousness and the development of the sense of urgency, a sense of responsibility is not strong, between some packaging machinery enterprises on human recognition and use and the law of market economy is not to adapt to the phenomenon. The face of unfavorable factors, the most urgent is to change the mode of development of each enterprise packaging machinery industry, the enterprise should stand up to examine and solve the contradictions and problems above in the new starting point, change the idea of development, strengthening the independent innovation, enhance market awareness, and vigorously promote the domestic packaging machinery industry development. To change the packaging machinery industry status, promote the development of packaging machinery industry at the same time, stride forward to development trend of packaging machinery.4 SummaryWith the continuous development and progress of science and technology, a variety of food products, put forward new demands on packaging technology and packaging equipment, packaging machinery plays a more and more important role in the field of circulation. Packaging machinery is becoming more and more competitive, and a high degree of automation, intelligent, multi-functional, high efficiency and low consumption of packaging equipment is more and more favored by the industry中國(guó)包裝機(jī)械發(fā)展史1 包裝機(jī)械介紹包裝機(jī)械是指完成全部或部分包裝過(guò)程的產(chǎn)品和機(jī)械。包裝過(guò)程包括灌裝、包裝、封口的主要過(guò)程，以及清洗、堆放、拆卸等相關(guān)過(guò)程前后的主要過(guò)程。此外，包裝還包括測(cè)量或在郵票包裝的過(guò)程中。機(jī)械包裝產(chǎn)品能提高生產(chǎn)效率，降低勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度，滿足大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)的需要，并能滿足衛(wèi)生要求。2 包裝機(jī)械發(fā)展史包裝機(jī)械以新的包裝材料、包裝技術(shù)不斷創(chuàng)新和發(fā)展。我國(guó)造紙技術(shù)史上的發(fā)明，為紙包裝的產(chǎn)生提供了條件。1850 年世界紙張價(jià)格下跌，用于食品包裝的紙張。1852 年美國(guó)沃利發(fā)明了制袋機(jī)，從而出現(xiàn)了紙制品機(jī)械。1861 年德國(guó)建成世界上第一家包裝機(jī)械廠，1911 年生產(chǎn)全自動(dòng)成型灌裝封口機(jī)。3.我國(guó)包裝機(jī)械發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀中國(guó)包裝機(jī)械起步較晚，經(jīng)過(guò) 20 年的發(fā)展，我國(guó)包裝機(jī)械已成為機(jī)械工業(yè)的十大產(chǎn)業(yè)之一，為我國(guó)包裝工業(yè)的快速發(fā)展提供了有效保障，一些包裝機(jī)械填補(bǔ)了國(guó)內(nèi)空白，已基本能滿足東北地區(qū)的需求。國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng) EDS，部分產(chǎn)品出口。中國(guó)包裝機(jī)械出口量不足總產(chǎn)量的 5%，進(jìn)口量與總產(chǎn)值大致相同，與發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家相差甚遠(yuǎn)。從產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā)來(lái)看，中國(guó)人也基本上停留在模仿的測(cè)試階段，自我開(kāi)發(fā)能力較弱，缺乏科研和生產(chǎn)測(cè)試基地，科研經(jīng)費(fèi)只占銷(xiāo)售額的 1%，而國(guó)外高達(dá) 8-10%。我國(guó)包裝機(jī)械總體技術(shù)水平較發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家落后 20 年，在產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā)、性能、質(zhì)量、可靠性、服務(wù)等方面存在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)劣勢(shì)。包裝機(jī)械在不斷發(fā)展的前提下，在包裝行業(yè)中，可以看到包裝機(jī)械行業(yè)在矛盾中，企業(yè)無(wú)法應(yīng)對(duì)形勢(shì)的變化，行業(yè)發(fā)展思路與發(fā)展形勢(shì)不相適應(yīng)；技術(shù)創(chuàng)新能力較弱，進(jìn)展緩慢。技術(shù)方面，新產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā)還沒(méi)有從根本上擺脫模仿研究和跟蹤的局面，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力不強(qiáng)，經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)，效益提升仍主要依靠規(guī)模拉動(dòng)。此外，還有一些包裝機(jī)械企業(yè)管理粗放，尚未實(shí)現(xiàn)精細(xì)化管理；市場(chǎng)意識(shí)、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)意識(shí)、受苦意識(shí)不強(qiáng)，服務(wù)市場(chǎng)、客戶服務(wù)意識(shí)和發(fā)展的緊迫感，責(zé)任感不強(qiáng)，年代之間。一些包裝機(jī)械企業(yè)對(duì)人的認(rèn)識(shí)和使用與市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律不相適應(yīng)的現(xiàn)象。面對(duì)不利因素，當(dāng)務(wù)之急是改變各企業(yè)包裝機(jī)械行業(yè)的發(fā)展模式，企業(yè)應(yīng)站在新的起點(diǎn)上審視和解決上述矛盾和問(wèn)題，轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)展思路，加強(qiáng)自主創(chuàng)新，增強(qiáng)市場(chǎng)意識(shí)。大力促進(jìn)國(guó)內(nèi)包裝機(jī)械行業(yè)的發(fā)展。改變包裝機(jī)械行業(yè)現(xiàn)狀，同時(shí)促進(jìn)包裝機(jī)械行業(yè)的發(fā)展，向包裝機(jī)械的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)邁進(jìn)。4 總結(jié)隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展和進(jìn)步，各種食品對(duì)包裝技術(shù)和包裝設(shè)備提出了新的要求，包裝機(jī)械在流通領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮著越來(lái)越重要的作用。包裝機(jī)械的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)日趨激烈，自動(dòng)化程度高、智能化、多功能化、高效率、低消耗的包裝設(shè)備越來(lái)越受到業(yè)界的青睞。