跨文化交際第十一章：文化沖擊

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1、,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級(jí),第三級(jí),第四級(jí),第五級(jí),*,*,*,單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,Chapter 11,Culture Shock,Introduction,Kalvero,Oberg(1958)first proposes this term to describe the signs of anxiety produced when people enter a new cultural environment which has few familiar symbols or behaviors.,The occupational,disease,of people wh

2、o have been suddenly transplanted abroad,Disease:A pun-both an,ailment,with its own symptoms and cure and a feeling of,un,ease,or unsettled,uneasiness,Definition of Culture Shock,Culture shock is a feeling of frustration,uneasiness,or uncertainty that many people experience in unknown settings.(P128

3、),Culture shock,is the personal disorientation a person may feel when experiencing an unfamiliar way of life due to immigration or a visit to a new country,a move between social environments,or simply travel to another type of life.(,wikipedia,),Metaphor and Understanding,A fish out of water,:nervou

4、s,irritated,uncomfortable,A ride on a roller coaster,:ups and downs,Looking at culture shock negatively:stress,fatigue and tension,Looking at culture shock positively:a learning experience,.,Out of water=Out of Context,Im like a schooled fish,nervous,anxious and helpless.,“Water”is my culture.,“I ne

5、ed my context to feel comfortable!”,ABCs of culture shock,Affectively,:anxiety,confusion,and desire to be elsewhere,Behaviorally,:confused as to norms and rules,Cognitively,:lack competence to interpret bizarre behaviors,Symptoms of Culture Shock,Ranging from,mild irritability,to,deep psychological

6、panic and crisis,.,Physically,:too much eating,drinking or sleeping,excessive concern about bedding,headaches,stomachaches,dizziness,sleepiness,Psychologically,:depression,loneliness,withdrawn,anger,aggression,hatred,fear,hostility,homesickness,glorifying the native culture and emphasizing the negat

7、ive in the new culture,Causes of Culture Shock,*displacement from ones“home”culture,1.stress reactions,2.cognitive fatigue,3.role shock,4.personal shock,The four stages(Oberg 1960),1.honeymoon stage,2.hostile stage,3.recovery stage,4.adjustment stage,(,oberg,),1.Honeymoon phase,2.negotiation phase,3

8、.adjustment phase,4.mastery phase,(,wikipedia,),Cultural Transition Process,(1)honeymoon period,(3)initial adjustment (5)acceptance&integration,(2)culture shock (4)depression,time,Detailed elaboration,Honeymoon period,:fascinated,excited,elated,Culture shock,:physical and mental fatigue and stress,I

9、nitial adjustment,:beginning to adjust,more comfortable,willing to venture out,Mental isolation,:lonely,confused identity,frustrated,psychologically isolated,Acceptance and integration,:establish a routine,accustomed,blended culture identity,multicultural,An example of,CSs,Effects,American,German,an

10、d Polish women living in Britain were twice as likely to commit suicide as British women,though there were no such differences in suicide rates for men(,Bochner,1986).,Culture shock,Here are some excerpts from the postcards of English students studying in China.Please identify they were written in w

11、hich stage of culture shock.,Culture shock,Dear Joan,Life here seems not so bad after all.The people are quite nice once you get to know them a little better and begin to figure out their way of looking at things.Guess Im beginning-just beginning-to know the ropes.,Love,Peter,Culture shock,Dear Mum

12、and Dad,Im really feeling fed up with my life here and longing for home.Getting anything done over here is a nightmare-the locals are so lazy and unhelpful.And on top of all that I feel rundown and sleepy all the time,seem to have lost all my zest.,Love,Jim,Culture shock,Dear Michael,This is a fanta

13、stic place!So many interesting things to see,such as the Forbidden City and the Temple of Heaven.Even wandering the streets is a delight with all the bustle and hordes of cyclists.Im really happy I came.,Best wishes,Simon,Culture shock,Dear Nicky,Thanks for your letter.It was lovely to hear from you

14、.Ive been thinking about your question about what I find strangest about living in China-but the trouble is Ive been here so long and have settled into the way of life so much that everything seems perfectly ordinary!So,if you want to find out youll have to come out to see for yourself with a fresh

15、pair of eyes.I can be your guide!,Best wishes,Paul,Case 1,中國(guó)旅行者，到泰國(guó)，看到出租車司機(jī)在馬路上經(jīng)常不看路，而看路上的人或?qū)γ孳嚿系娜?，然后“亂按”喇叭，“亂閃”燈。感覺很氣憤。,Case 2,好萊塢電影,黑雨,中，由道格拉斯扮演的美國(guó)警官在初到日本時(shí)，對(duì)由高倉(cāng)健扮演的日本警官在吃面時(shí)發(fā)出巨大聲響十分驚詫和反感，但一段生死與共的警務(wù)工作完成以后，美國(guó)警官臨走前，吃日本面條時(shí)，也毫不在意地發(fā)出了大聲的、自然的,Case 3,一名到浙江大學(xué)讀書的英國(guó)留學(xué)生說,“,我原來覺得到處都應(yīng)該排隊(duì)，但是在中國(guó)很少有人排隊(duì)。外面是這樣，連在留學(xué)生食

16、堂里也是這樣。每天中午大家一團(tuán)圍住柜臺(tái)，有中國(guó)學(xué)生也有留學(xué)生，但也有像我一樣傻傻地站在最后的。后來我發(fā)現(xiàn)這樣根本點(diǎn)不到菜，除非你一直等到上課。我看到高年級(jí)的留學(xué)生很自如地在人群里擠來擠去，我也想試一試，但結(jié)果是我發(fā)現(xiàn)我在人群里根本無法呼吸,”,Case 4,一位到杭州留學(xué)的新加坡學(xué)生，在班上成績(jī)很好，但有段時(shí)間常常遲到，老師問她原因，她說“老師，我睡不著，常常失眠，很想吃家里做的東西?！彼：屯瑢W(xué)一起打車穿越大半個(gè)杭州城去麥德龍超市，只為買新加坡產(chǎn)的鳳梨干。她說，常常會(huì)覺得的心慌，吃了家鄉(xiāng)的鳳梨干會(huì)感覺好點(diǎn)。,Case 5,一位叫,Julia,的澳大利亞女士，來中國(guó)留學(xué)，她在課堂上，不管老師正在做什么都會(huì)隨口爆出一兩個(gè)問題，打斷教師和同學(xué)們的思路不說，這些問題往往是老師一兩分鐘前就剛剛回答過的或者是跟課堂完全沒有關(guān)系的問題。,課外，她很多次找宿管員抱怨走廊聲音太大；她去了好幾次藥店，想買治療頭痛的藥，但都無濟(jì)于事。她很努力地用大量時(shí)間抄寫漢語生詞，做練習(xí)，但成績(jī)一直在及格的邊緣。,Case 5,美國(guó)學(xué)生,Gab,身高一米八零，在杭州留學(xué)。他上課時(shí)神情專注，但一會(huì)之后就變得呆滯；課后他會(huì)