Unit 4《Earthquakes》教案17（人教版必修1）

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111 高一英語(yǔ)新課標(biāo)Unit?4?Earthquakes教案 教學(xué)目標(biāo)：Important vocabularies Shake, while, sound, scientist, point, movement, fall off, for a while, for ever, a (large ) number of, cut off, stay up，plate, hit, bookstore. Daily expressions: Were you in ……? Sure I was. I 'll never forget that. Very strange. It sounded like…… What happened next? What was it like? Useful phrases: The population in and around San Francisco is now ten times more then it was in 1906. The number of people who lost homes reached as many as 250000. Grammar: The usage of pronouns in the Attributive sentences. Who/ whom/ which/ that…… ? ?教學(xué)建議 能力訓(xùn)練： 　　運(yùn)用所學(xué)的語(yǔ)言，圍繞地震這個(gè)題材，開展聽(tīng)說(shuō)寫的活動(dòng)；閱讀課文“Earthquake"，了解有關(guān)地震的基本知識(shí)，完成有關(guān)課文內(nèi)容的練習(xí)。并進(jìn)一步練習(xí)間接引語(yǔ)的用法。 師生互動(dòng)活動(dòng)： 　　Lesson 25: 口頭練習(xí)，對(duì)話交際功能-----日常生活用語(yǔ)的練習(xí)。 　　Lesson 26---27: 聽(tīng)力和閱讀相結(jié)合，理解全文的意思。 　　Lesson 28: 口頭和筆頭練習(xí)相結(jié)合，寫一篇關(guān)于地震的文章。 教材分析 　　本單元對(duì)話引出地震這個(gè)話題。對(duì)話中提到了地震的時(shí)候的現(xiàn)象和人的感受。本單元的閱讀課文是了解發(fā)生在San Francisco地區(qū)的嚴(yán)重地震場(chǎng)景和有關(guān)地震發(fā)生時(shí)的基本常識(shí)。同時(shí)在文章里有一些重要的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，如定語(yǔ)從句的使用：A wide and busy road which was built like a bridge over another road fell onto the one below. etc. 重點(diǎn)知識(shí)講解： 　　1.What does "quake" means , as in the word "earthquake"? 像" earthquake" 這個(gè)詞中的quake是什么意思？ 　　As in the word "earthquake" 是個(gè)省略結(jié)構(gòu)，完整的說(shuō)法為：as it does in the word "earthquake". as 在此為連詞，表示“如“的意思。 　　It sounded like a train that was going under my house. 那聲音聽(tīng)起來(lái)就像有一列火車在我的房子底下開過(guò)似的。 　　sound 為系動(dòng)詞，后接名詞、介詞短語(yǔ)做表語(yǔ)，意思是“聽(tīng)起來(lái)”。 　　Your idea sounds (like ) a good one.你的注意聽(tīng)起來(lái)不錯(cuò)。 　　What he said sounded like a fairy-tale.他所說(shuō)的話聽(tīng)起來(lái)就像神話故事。 　　表示“聽(tīng)起來(lái)像什么”的時(shí)候，用sound like….。like 在此是介詞表示“像”的意思。類似于sound的常用系動(dòng)詞還有：feel, taste, smell, look. 例如： 　　Cotton feels very soft. 棉花摸起來(lái)很柔軟。 　　It looks like a beautiful picture. 那看上去就像一幅美麗的畫。 　　2．I was in the kitchen cooking something and I felt the floor move. 我當(dāng)時(shí)正在廚房里作飯，我覺(jué)得地板動(dòng)了一下。 　　cooking something 在本句中為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)做伴隨狀語(yǔ)。 　　句中的move是省略了to 的不定式，做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞feel的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)可以是動(dòng)詞原形，也可以是動(dòng)詞的ing形式或過(guò)去分詞形式。 例如： 　　When I heard his words, I felt my heart beating faster.聽(tīng)了他的話，我感到心跳加快了。 　　He felt someone knock at the door. 他感到有人敲了一下門。 　　he boy felt his back patted by someone. 那個(gè)男孩子感到有人拍了他的脊背。 　　3． And then I watched all the glasses on the table fall off onto the floor. 后來(lái)我觀察到桌子上所有玻璃杯子掉到了地板上。 　　辨析：fall off / fall down 　　fall off 表示“從。。。。上落下或掉下”。off為介詞或副詞。fall down的意思是“倒塌、掉下”，不強(qiáng)調(diào)落物的來(lái)處。 例如： 　　I saw him fall off his horse.我看到他從馬上掉了下來(lái)。 　　Flowers fell off to the ground. 花兒凋謝了，落到了地上。 　　Autumn comes and leaves are falling off the trees. 秋天到了，落葉紛紛。 A stone fell down in the earthquake. 一塊石頭落了下來(lái)，砸中了他。 　　The old house fell down in the earthquake. 老房子在地震中倒塌了。 　　4．A great part of the city was destroyed and a large number of buildings were burnt.城市的大部分地區(qū)被摧毀，許許多多建筑物被火吞噬。 　　A number of 相當(dāng)于many.意思為“許多”，后跟可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。短語(yǔ)中的number前可以由large / small來(lái)修飾，構(gòu)成a large / great / small number of 短語(yǔ)。 例如： 　　1）A number of people were killed in the traffic accident. 有許多人在那場(chǎng)車禍中喪生。 　　2）A large number of students went to see Mr. Zhang when he was ill.張老師生病的時(shí)候有許多的學(xué)生去看望他。 　　Only a small number of people are against this plan.只有少數(shù)人反對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃。 　　辨析：a number of / the number of 　　a number of 意思為“許多”。中心詞為of后面的復(fù)數(shù)形式。 　　the number of 的意思為 “…的數(shù)量”，中心詞為number，因此，“the number of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞”，做主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為單數(shù)第三人稱形式。 例如： 　　The number of books in our library is going up.我們圖書館里的藏書數(shù)量正在上升。 　　The number of the students in our class is 57. 我們班的學(xué)生人數(shù)為57人。 　　A number of students are playing football on the playground. 許多的學(xué)生在操場(chǎng)上踢足球。 　　5．The number of people who lost homes reached as many as 250000. 無(wú)家可歸的人數(shù)達(dá)到25萬(wàn)。 　　短語(yǔ)“as many as” 意思為“和…一樣多，多達(dá)”，修飾可數(shù)名詞；as much as 與as many as 意思相同，但是修飾不可數(shù)名詞。類似的表達(dá)法還有： as long as 長(zhǎng)達(dá) as high as 高達(dá) as wide as 寬達(dá) The great fire burned down as many as twenty buildings. 那場(chǎng)大火燒毀的房屋達(dá)到20之多。 　　He lost as much as 1000 yuan . 他丟的錢多達(dá)1000元。 　　The film lasts as long as two hours. 這部電影長(zhǎng)達(dá)2個(gè)小時(shí)。 　　The mountain reaches as high as 2000 metres. 那座山高達(dá)2000米。 　　The road is as wide as 10 metres. 這條路寬達(dá)10米。 　　6.辨析：as / when / while 　　這三個(gè)詞都有“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”的意思。但用法稍有不同。 as強(qiáng)調(diào)“一邊……一邊……”或是“與……同時(shí)，側(cè)重表示主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。 　　when既可以表示時(shí)間地點(diǎn)也可以表示時(shí)間段。 　　while只表示時(shí)間段，不表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)。它后面必須是延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞，而且多為進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。當(dāng)從句的謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)三者都可以替換使用。 例如： 　　When I got home, he was having supper. 我到家的時(shí)候，他正在吃晚飯。 　　I liked dancing when I was young. 我年輕時(shí)喜歡跳舞。 　　They talked as they walked. 他們邊走邊談。 　　A thief broke in as / while / when I was sleeping.在我睡覺(jué)的時(shí)候小偷闖了進(jìn)來(lái)。 　　While / When/ As we were still laughing, the teacher came in. 當(dāng)我們?nèi)赃€在大笑，老師進(jìn)來(lái)了。 　　Strike the iron while it is hot. 趁熱打鐵。 　　8．A wide and busy road which was built like a bridge over another road fell into the one below,. Many people were killed in their cars, but a few lucky ones were not hurt.一座以立交橋車輛川流不息的馬路塌陷到橋下面的路面上。很多人被壓死在自己的車?yán)?，但是也有少?shù)幸運(yùn)的人沒(méi)有受傷。 　　這兩個(gè)句子中one(s)是代詞，用來(lái)代替或是避免重復(fù)上文提到的名詞。one只可替代可數(shù)名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為ones. 第一句中的one代替road，第二句中的ones代替people。 例如： 　　If the earthquake is a big one, a great part of the city will be destroyed. 如果那是個(gè)大地震的話，城市的大部分地區(qū)將要被毀掉。 　I would like a pound of apples, the red ones. 我要一英鎊蘋果，紅蘋果。 　　He had no excuse for his being late, but he had to fine one. 他遲到找不著借口，但是他必須找一個(gè)。 　　If you don't like these cups, I have other ones. 要是你不喜歡這些杯子，我還有別的。 　　9.Third, you must make the houses as strong as possible. 第三，應(yīng)該把房屋建的盡可能結(jié)實(shí)。 　　As…as possible是個(gè)固定搭配，中間可加形容詞或副詞，意思為“盡可能的…”。 例如： 　　He had his breakfast as quickly as possible. 他盡可能快的吃了早飯。 　　Please come as early as possible tomorrow. 明天請(qǐng)盡可能早來(lái)。 　　They keep the classroom as clean as possible.他們盡可能的保持教室清潔。 　　12.Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake , but strong ones may stay up. 不結(jié)實(shí)的建筑物會(huì)在地震中倒塌，而結(jié)實(shí)的建筑物則可能安然無(wú)恙。 　　短語(yǔ)stay up 的意思是“挺立，站立，熬夜”等。 例如： 　　You must stay up in time of difficulty. 困難面前你必須要挺住。 　　He stayed up all night. 他通宵未睡。 　　He has been working for almost a whole day, but he can stay up. 他干了快一整天了，但是還是挺得住。 　　10.time表示倍數(shù)的用法 　　在此句中表示倍數(shù)，其前面的數(shù)詞用基數(shù)詞。常用的倍數(shù)表示法有以下幾種： 　　1.A is three (four/ five….) times bigger (more/ longer/ higher….) than B. A 比B大（多/高/長(zhǎng)…）三（四/五…）倍。 例如： 　　The new bridge is three times longer then the old one. 新橋比舊橋長(zhǎng)三倍。 　　At least the train runs six times faster then the boat. 火車的速度至少比小船快6倍。 　　The meeting-room is four times bigger than ours. 這個(gè)會(huì)議室比我們的大四倍。 　　2.A is three ( four/ five…) times as big (much/ many/ long/ high…) as B. A比B大（多/長(zhǎng)/高。。。）兩倍或者是A是B的三（四/五……）倍大（多/長(zhǎng)/高……） 例如： 　　Line A is five times as long as Line B. 線段A比線段B長(zhǎng)四倍。（或是線段A是線段B的五倍長(zhǎng)） 　　Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亞洲比歐洲大三倍。 　　This building is three times as high as that one. 這棟樓房比那一棟高2倍。 　　3. A is three ( four/ five….) times the size ( amount/ length/ height…) of B. A比B大（多/長(zhǎng)/高……）兩（三/四……）倍或是A是B的三（四/五……）倍大（多/長(zhǎng)/高……）。 例如： 　　Line A is four times the length of Line B. 線段A比線段B長(zhǎng)四倍。 　　This building is three times the height of that one.這棟樓房比那棟高2倍。 　　如果表示“A比B大（多/ 長(zhǎng)/高。。。）一倍“用twice，而且用第一種表示法。 例如： 　　Bob is twice heavier than Jack. 鮑博比杰克重一倍。 　　This road is twice longer than that one.這條路比那條路長(zhǎng)一倍。 　　11.語(yǔ)法——定語(yǔ)從句 　　關(guān)系代詞who, whom, that 和which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。 　　在句子中修飾名詞或代詞的從句為定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞叫先行詞，定語(yǔ)從句一般修飾跟在先行詞的后面。如果先行詞指人，關(guān)系代詞可用who, whom, that.如果先行詞指物，關(guān)系代詞可用which或是that。關(guān)系代詞who, whom, that 和which既起連接作用，又在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)一定成分（在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或是賓語(yǔ)）。關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)常常可以省略，但是作主語(yǔ)時(shí)不能省略。Whom 在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)用，但是在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中，常用who來(lái)代替whom。 例如： 　　A plane is a machine which/ that can fly.飛機(jī)是會(huì)飛行的機(jī)器。 　The book (which/ that ) you want is on my desk.你要的那本書在我的書桌上。 　　Anybody who/ that breaks the rules is punished.任何違反規(guī)定的人都要受到懲罰。 　　The boy who/ that likes skating will be here.喜歡滑冰的那個(gè)男孩子將會(huì)來(lái)這里。 　　The girl (who/ whom/that) you met in the street is John’s sister.你在大街上遇到的那個(gè)女孩是約翰的妹妹。 　　Is this the lady (whom) you spoke of? 這個(gè)是你談到的那位女士嗎？ 教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)方案：Lesson 25 一、Teaching Aims 　　Help the students have free talk about what an earthquake is and what people usually feel when an earthquake happens. 　　Practise in pairs on talking about the earthquake that happened in San Francisco in 1898. 　　Study the language items in the lesson. 　　Do the exercise on page 25 about the indirect speech. 二、Teaching procedures Step 1 Warming- up 　　Ask the Ss some questions about earthquake, such as, “ What will happen when an earthquake happens?” “ What causes an earthquake to happen?” “ What should people do when an earthquake happens?” etc. Step 2. Listening 　　The Ss are supposed to listen to the tape about the earthquake that happened in San Francisco in 1989. 　　After listening to the dialogue the Ss are supposed to do the exercises on page 87. Exx.1. 　　What are Carl and Wang Bing talking about? 　　Where was Carl at the time of the earthquake? 　　How did Carl feel when the earthquake was happening? Step 3. Practising 　　The students are supposed to do the pair work on page 25. 　　Change the sentences into Indirect Speech. Step 4. Language points of the dialogue as 的用法 so do you 形式的復(fù)習(xí) at the time of 的用法 it sounded like中sound的用法 feel sth. do的用法 6．fall off 和fall down的辨析 quite a while 的用法 Step 5. Practising 　　If time is permitted, the students are supposed to do the exercise on page 87. Exx.2---retell the dialogue. ? 教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)方案 : Lesson 26 Teaching Aims 　　The Ss are supposed to get the idea what the earthquake is like when it is happening and what causes an earthquake to happen? Learn how to write a composition about an earthquake that happened in Tangshan, China in 1976. Teaching procedure Step 1. Ask the students some questions about earthquakes. 　　Have you ever heard anything about earthquakes from your parents? 　　Have you ever been in any of the earthquakes? Where and when? 　　Do you know the biggest earthquake that happened in China? Step 2. Reading the text 　　For the first time of reading, the Ss are supposed to answer the question: 　　Which was the USA’s worst earthquake? 　　Can we do something to prevent the earthquake from destroying the whole city? 　　For the second time, the Ss are supposed to read the text for some detailed information. 　　In what part of the USA is San Francisco? 　　In the spring of 1906, what happened to the city of San Francisco ? 　　What happened again in the city in the fall of 1989? 　　In what other places of the world do earthquakes often happen? 　　In what provinces in China do earthquakes happen more often? Explain the reasons why there are earthquakes. Step 3. Retelling the reasons why an earthquake happens. 　　Ask the Ss to retell it in pairs first then ask individual student to say it out in class. Step 4. Discussion 　　What should we do in order not let the earthquake destroy the earth so seriously? Step 5. Language points of the text at 5:13 on the morning of April 18th.,1906中介詞的用法 the number of 和 a number of 辨析 as many as 以及as much as的用法 as 表示當(dāng)什么時(shí)候的意思的用法（和while/ when的區(qū)別） one / ones 代詞的用法 cut off at 5.3 centimetres a year “at” 表示速度的用法 make sure stay up time 表示倍數(shù)的用法 Step 6. Practising 　　Do the exercises on page 89. Exx. 1,2,3 　　Write a composition about the Tangshan Earthquake with the given information Step 7. Homework: 　　Finish the composition 　　Finish the exercises on page 89 Exx.3 and page 91.Exx. 　　Re-read the attributive sentences in the text and get to 　understand the meaning and the structure of each sentence. ? 探究活動(dòng) 　　讓學(xué)生自己找有關(guān)地震的資料，比如近年來(lái)發(fā)生在國(guó)內(nèi)或國(guó)外的地震地區(qū)以及震后的情況。每個(gè)小組指定查某一個(gè)國(guó)家或地區(qū)的地震情況。然后讓學(xué)生們互相進(jìn)行討論，介紹各個(gè)國(guó)家或地區(qū)的地震情況。學(xué)生們?cè)诼?tīng)的時(shí)候可以記下來(lái)想要問(wèn)的問(wèn)題然后對(duì)進(jìn)行匯報(bào)的小組提問(wèn)。這樣可以鍛煉聽(tīng)力和口語(yǔ)表達(dá)能力。 111