2019年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 教材重點(diǎn)全程攻略 Unit 2 Working the land限時(shí)規(guī)范特訓(xùn) 新人教版必修4.doc

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2019年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 教材重點(diǎn)全程攻略 Unit 2 Working the land限時(shí)規(guī)范特訓(xùn) 新人教版必修4 Ⅰ.完形填空 Dear Mr Jones， I expect you may be slightly surprised to receive a letter from someone living as near as your nextdoor neighbor, but I have to raise a subject so that it will be easier for me to discuss in writing. You may have noticed that I have a __1__ of apple trees running alongside the fence that __2__ our two gardens. You may also have taken __3__ in the frequent sight of your two children __4__ on your lawn directly by the fence. And you may also have __5__ that my apple trees, so to speak, bend over the fence and seem to __6__ your children with interest. It is only natural that your children should sometimes seem to return that __7__. And it is not only natural, __8__， I acknowledge, quite legal, for them occasionally to show that interest by __9__ all the apples that hang over on __10__ side of the fence. But to be plain with you, Mr Jones, I am tired __11__ seeing your children, day after day, tear the branches off the side of every one of my apple trees, and leave my trees looking __12__ a battle had been fought on one side of them. I am, if anything, even more tired of waking up these fine autumn __13__， to find even the apples on my side of the fence __14__ in number. I know this is the work of your children, since last night I was woken at midnight by the __15__ they were making __16__ one of my trees, and (as they may have told you) chased them home. While I am on the suject, I am at least grateful to you for keeping your bonfires on the far side of your garden this year. Last year neither I __17__ your children had any apples, because the smoke from your bonfire destroyed all the flowers __18__ the apples had time to form. I very much hope that next year—for the first time since I came to this village—I shall have my apples, and your children __19__ have theirs and that the sight of the line of apple trees will be __20__ pride to us both. Yours sincerely J．Smith 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者家的蘋果樹長(zhǎng)到了隔壁鄰居家的院子里，鄰居家的孩子在摘蘋果時(shí)把樹枝都給扯壞了，他們還在半夜爬到樹上偷摘蘋果。因此，作者給鄰居寫了這封信，希望他能約束一下自己的孩子，共同愛護(hù)蘋果樹。 1．A.line B．wire C．kind D．sort 答案：A　根據(jù)最后一段最后一句中的“the line of apple trees”可知，“我”沿著籬笆種了一行蘋果樹。line “排，列，行”，符合語境。故答案選A。 2．A.divides B．parts C．departs D．separates 答案：D　此處指籬笆把我們兩家的花園隔開。separate “把……隔開”，符合語境。 3．A.part B．delight C．pride D．place 答案：B　看見自己的孩子坐在草坪上，家長(zhǎng)應(yīng)會(huì)很高興。take delight in是固定短語，意為“以……為樂”，符合語境。故答案選B。 4．A.seating B．sat C．sitting D．seat 答案：C　根據(jù)所給選項(xiàng)可知，此處意為“坐在草坪上”，sit是不及物動(dòng)詞，與被修飾詞two children之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用其現(xiàn)在分詞形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，C項(xiàng)正確；seat作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，是及物動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)用seat sb.的結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“使某人就座”，與被修飾詞two children為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用其過去分詞形式，A、D兩項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故答案選C。 5．A.watched B．noticed C．seen D．looked 答案：B　根據(jù)語境可知，此處指或許你也注意到了“我”的蘋果樹越過了籬笆。notice “注意到”，符合語境。 6．A.look down at B．look down upon C．look up to D．look up at 答案：A　根據(jù)對(duì)本句的理解可知，這里運(yùn)用了擬人的手法，指蘋果樹越過了籬笆，饒有興趣地俯視著你的孩子們。look down at “低頭看，俯視”，符合語境。 7．A.profit B．good C．interest D．taste 答案：C　根據(jù)上文中的“with interest”可知，此處指你的孩子有時(shí)似乎會(huì)回應(yīng)蘋果樹對(duì)他們的興趣，這是很自然的。此處是偷摘蘋果的委婉說法。interest “興趣”，符合語境。 8．A.just B．even C．a(chǎn)nd D．but 答案：D　此處構(gòu)成固定搭配not only ... but (also) ...，意為“不僅……而且……”。故答案選D。 9．A.picking B．taking C．eating D．having 答案：A　根據(jù)后面的賓語“all the apples that hang over on __10__ side of the fence”可知，此處是“摘蘋果”的意思。pick “采，摘”，符合語境。故答案選A。 10．A.our B．his C．your D．their 答案：C　根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，鄰居家孩子摘的自然是伸到鄰居家花園里的蘋果枝上的蘋果。本文是一封信，應(yīng)用第二人稱稱呼鄰居。故答案選C。 11．A.from B．of C．for D．with 答案：B　根據(jù)語境可知，此處指“我”厭煩了日復(fù)一日地看見你的孩子將樹枝從蘋果樹上扯下來。be tired of doing sth. 意為“厭煩/厭倦做某事”。故答案選B。 12．A.even if B．even though C．in case D．a(chǎn)s if 答案：D　根據(jù)語境可知，孩子們將樹枝扯斷，使樹看上去就像經(jīng)歷過戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)一般。as if “似乎，好像”，符合語境。 13．A.mornings B．a(chǎn)fternoons C．evenings D．nights 答案：A　根據(jù)句中的關(guān)鍵詞“waking up”可知，此處應(yīng)指早晨醒來。故答案選A。 14．A.a little larger B．much larger C．much smaller D．much fewer 答案：C　根據(jù)下文描述的鄰居的孩子半夜爬到樹上摘蘋果可知，連“我”這邊的蘋果也少了很多，排除A、B兩項(xiàng)。number與small搭配，不與few搭配。故答案選C。 15．A.voice B．noise C．whisper D．scream 答案：B　根據(jù)上文中的“I was woken”可知，“我”是被孩子們的吵鬧聲吵醒的。noise “噪聲，吵鬧聲”，符合語境。 16．A.jumping B．beating C．biting D．climbing 答案：D　根據(jù)下文中的“chased them home”可知，應(yīng)是爬上蘋果樹摘蘋果。climb “爬，攀登”，符合語境。 17．A.nor B．or C．so D．a(chǎn)nd 答案：A　此處構(gòu)成固定用法“neither ... nor ...”，意為“……和……都不”。故答案選A。 18．A.after B．until C．before D．unless 答案：C　根據(jù)語境可知，去年蘋果樹上沒有結(jié)出一個(gè)蘋果，因?yàn)樵谔O果開始生長(zhǎng)之前鄰居家篝火的煙毀壞了所有的蘋果花。before “在……之前”，符合語境。 19．A.can B．will C．could D．would 答案：B　根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“next year”和前一分句中的“shall”可知，此處用一般將來時(shí)，故用will。故答案選B。 20．A.a B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．no 答案：A　此處是抽象名詞具體化，a pride意為“一件令人驕傲的事”。此處指來年看見一行蘋果樹會(huì)令我們都覺得驕傲。故答案選A。 Ⅱ.閱讀理解 Yacouba Sawadogo is an African farmer who has been traveling across the deserts for the last 30 years, using ancient farming techniques to fight the threatening deserts. His story dates back to the 1980s when Africa suffered one of the worst droughts in its history. During that period, rainfall reduced by as much as 80%, killing almost all the plants. Most local people moved away to different places, but Yacouba stayed back. Instead of giving in to the violence of nature, he decided to take control and change the face of the land pletely. Unable to read and write, and with no access to modern techniques and tools, he started to employ an old African farming practice called “Zai”. The practice involves planting seeds in small holes filled with ecofriendly manure (肥料). The holes fill up with and keep the water that falls during the rainy season. This provides moisture (水分) and nutrients for the growing plants during the dry periods. Also, the manure attracts ants, which help break up the soil further and increase its ability to take in water. Within two decades of starting his revolutionary work, a forested area of about fifty acres came up on the land of the African desert. Yacouba featured in a documentary titled The Man Who Stopped the Desert through which he became known to the rest of the world. To the great joy and relief of Yacouba, what the documentary focused on was put into the reestablishment of local forests and a training program for the farmers who wanted to learn Yacoubas technique. Today, “Zai” is being widely practiced in the region. 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。本文介紹了一位非洲農(nóng)夫使用古老的耕作技術(shù)與沙漠做斗爭(zhēng)并堅(jiān)持了30年的故事。 1．What does the text mainly talk about? A．A training program for African farmers. B．A documentary about an influential African farmer. C．The serious situation of environment destruction in Africa. D．An African farmer fighting deserts with old farming methods. 答案：D　主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段可知，非洲的一位農(nóng)夫雅各巴使用古老的耕作技術(shù)與沙漠作斗爭(zhēng)而一直穿行在沙漠中長(zhǎng)達(dá)30年，下文具體介紹了他的做法及影響。故選D項(xiàng)。A項(xiàng)指一個(gè)培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目，B項(xiàng)指一部紀(jì)錄片，C項(xiàng)指環(huán)境破壞的嚴(yán)峻情況，雖都在文中被提到，但以偏概全。 2．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Yacouba advertised his farming practice through the media. B．Yacoubas efforts have made a great difference. C．Rebuilding forests is no tough job at all. D．Deserts no longer threaten Africa. 答案：B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，在他工作的二十年里，大約50英畝的林區(qū)在非洲沙漠上出現(xiàn)；一部記錄片講述他與沙漠作斗爭(zhēng)的故事使他為人所知，并且他所倡導(dǎo)的方法在這一地區(qū)廣為實(shí)踐。由此推斷，雅各巴的努力起了很大作用。故選B項(xiàng)。 3．Which word can best describe Yacouba? A．Determined. B．Knowledgeable. C．Curious. D．Creative. 答案：A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段得知他能與沙漠作斗爭(zhēng)并堅(jiān)持30年，這說明他做事意志堅(jiān)定。故選A項(xiàng)。 B Exposed soil isnt part of natures master plan. Good examples where soil is naturally found with no plants growing in are beneath freshly removed trees, or where the ground has been burnt by a land fire. In these situations bare soil isnt bare for long; within days seedlings (芽) begin to appear and cover the ground. In a few months time, the scar is hardly noticeable. Unlike these natural examples, ploughed (耕犁) fields and freshly dug gardens are obvious examples created by man. But, left to nature, even these bare soils soon turn green with a large number of tiny seedlings. In fields, gardens and on grasslands, roadside and sports fields, along streets and on paths and pavements, we are constantly battling to stop weeds from growing. All we are doing is stop the recovering powers of nature. Whenever soil is exposed, weeds act like a kind of medicine to reduce the potentially harmful rays of the sun, so the sooner plant growth covers the soil over again, the better. Weeds also help to improve the fertility (肥沃) of the soil. Their roots get the soil together, improving its structure and creating a more stable environment in which soil life can grow fast. Those weeds with a deep root draw up plant nutrients from deeper in the ground, making them available to plants growing near the soil surface. Above ground, the stems (莖) of weeds help trap fallen leaves which break down into the soil, adding to the fertility of the soil. As the soil bees more fertile, different kinds of plants start to replace the “pioneering” weeds. Bushes move in to take the place by gradually shading them out, followed in turn by trees, which eventually push up through the bushes, finally shading them out too. Fallen leaves from the bushes and trees carry on the job of building soil fertility that was begun by those very first weeds that grew on the bare soil. Then, when one of these mature trees is removed in a storm, leaving a wound of bare soil in the earth, the whole process starts again. 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章說明了大自然神奇的自我修復(fù)能力。重點(diǎn)敘述在地表裸露的情況下，雜草在修復(fù)裸土和涵養(yǎng)地表的循環(huán)過程中所擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)闹匾跋蠕h”作用。 4．When will soil be left bare? A．A land fire has just happened. B．A young tree is planted in. C．No one ploughs the land. D．No crops are planted in. 答案：A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一、二句可知，剛被火燒過的土地成為裸土。故選A項(xiàng)。 5．Which of the following prevents the bare soil from recovering? A．Seedlings appearing in gardens. B．Reducing harmful rays of the sun. C．Removing weeds from pavements. D．Replacing plants in sports fields. 答案：C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句可知，人們除掉路邊雜草的行為就是在阻止裸土的恢復(fù)。故選C項(xiàng)。 6．What can weeds do for the soil? A．They create soil life. B．They help improve the soil. C．They get nutrients from the sun. D．They break down fallen leaves. 答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句可知，雜草有助于提高土壤的肥沃度。故選B項(xiàng)。 7．How can the soil remain fertile after trees move in? A．By adding more weeds to the soil. B．By taking out the weeds constantly. C．By removing the previous bushes. D．By making use of the fallen leaves. 答案：D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第三句可判斷D項(xiàng)正確。 Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò) Mr and Mrs Chang all work in our school. They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. They have also bought for some gardening tools. Beside, they often get some useful informations from the Internet. When summer came, they will invite their students pick the vegetables! 答案： Mr and Mrs Chang work in our school. They live far from the school, and it takes them about hour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are in planting vegetables in their garden, is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up and water the vegetables together. They have also bought some gardening tools. ， they often get some useful from the Internet. When summer ， they will invite their students pick the vegetables! 1．a(chǎn)ll→both　考查代詞。因?yàn)镸r and Mrs Chang是兩個(gè)人，所以用both “兩者都”。 2．a(chǎn)→an　考查冠詞。hour的讀音以元音音素開頭，因此用冠詞an。 3．interesting→interested　考查形容詞。be interested in “對(duì)……感興趣”。 4．that→which　考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。此處which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。 5．earlier→early　考查副詞。此處并無比較含義，只是在講“起床早”，因此用early。 6．去掉bought后的for　考查介詞。buy是及物動(dòng)詞，后邊直接跟賓語。 7．Beside→Besides　考查副詞。beside “在……旁邊”，介詞；besides “此外”，副詞，表遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。 8．informations→information　考查名詞。information是不可數(shù)名詞，無復(fù)數(shù)形式。 9．came→es　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。由全文整體時(shí)態(tài)可知應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 10．pick前加to　考查固定短語。invite sb. to do sth. “邀請(qǐng)某人做某事”。