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摘 要
垃圾車(chē)在現(xiàn)代生活中起到的作用越來(lái)越大，越來(lái)越被人們的重視?，F(xiàn)代的垃圾車(chē)設(shè)計(jì)在專(zhuān)用車(chē)設(shè)計(jì)中的占有的地位也越來(lái)越高。目前，垃圾車(chē)設(shè)計(jì)普遍存在著價(jià)位過(guò)高，與當(dāng)前垃圾車(chē)的實(shí)際接受能力存有一定的距離，致使高消費(fèi)的垃圾專(zhuān)用車(chē)的消費(fèi)量較小。本設(shè)計(jì)從市場(chǎng)現(xiàn)實(shí)需求角度出發(fā)，看重實(shí)際，把設(shè)計(jì)功能較完善合理，充分滿(mǎn)足功能要求作為設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)。在設(shè)計(jì)中,積極使用新型材料、降低成本價(jià)格,以期生產(chǎn)出占有市場(chǎng)優(yōu)勢(shì),功能全，價(jià)格低，市場(chǎng)需求量較多的實(shí)用型擺臂垃圾車(chē)。
本設(shè)計(jì)中的主要工作及過(guò)程如下：首先進(jìn)行了專(zhuān)用車(chē)輛的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀的簡(jiǎn)要的概述，
接下來(lái)就是方案的分析與選擇，其中包括底盤(pán)、副車(chē)架以及托架的選擇設(shè)計(jì)，總布置方案的分析和確定。然后進(jìn)入了專(zhuān)用裝置的設(shè)計(jì)，有液壓系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)、取力器的選用以及擺臂的設(shè)計(jì)等，最后是對(duì)各種裝置的校核和汽車(chē)總性能的計(jì)算。
關(guān)鍵詞：專(zhuān)用汽車(chē)；擺臂式垃圾車(chē)；液壓系統(tǒng)；擺臂
ABSTRACT
Garbage truck the role which plays in the modern life is getting bigger and bigger, more and more by people's value. The modern garbage truck design the status which holds in the private car design is also getting higher and higher. At present, garbage truck design universal existence changes to the high consumption, has certainly certainly with the current actual garbage truck market demand is uncoordinated, the cause high consumption's trash private car's consumption quantity is small. Regards the reality, from market realistic demand angle embarking, is perfect the design function reasonably, in satisfies the function request in the foundation, uses the new material, to truncate the low price, to hold the market superiority positively to take the design idea and the starting point, produces the function entire, the cost is low, the market demand many practical suspends the arm garbage truck.
The main contact of the design as follows: first, it introduces the special-purpose automobile's development; secondly, it introduces the analysis and choose of the project; the project includes the design of the chassis, the assistant frame, the bracket and ensuring the total project. Thirdly, it introduces the design of special equipment, including the design of hydraulic pressure, the choose of the implement and the design of the waving arm of rubbish truck. Finally, it checks all the kinds of equipment and calulates the capability of the special-purpose automobile.
Key words：Special-Purpose Automobile; The Waving Arm Of Garbage Truck; Hydraulic System; Suspending Arm
目 錄
摘要 Ι
Abstract Ⅱ
第1章 緒論 1
1.1 專(zhuān)用汽車(chē)的發(fā)展 1
1.2 專(zhuān)用汽車(chē)概念和分類(lèi) 3
1.3 專(zhuān)用汽車(chē)設(shè)計(jì)要求 3
1.4 擺臂式垃圾汽車(chē)的設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容 5
第2章 東風(fēng)擺臂式垃圾汽車(chē)底盤(pán)的選取 6
2.1底盤(pán)的選取 6
2.1.1汽車(chē)底盤(pán)選型要求 6
2.1.2底盤(pán)選型 6
2.1.3底盤(pán)的選取 7
2.2選用的底盤(pán)主車(chē)架的尺寸 8
2.3擺臂垃圾車(chē)質(zhì)量參數(shù)的估算 8
2.4本章小結(jié) 8
第3章 擺臂式垃圾車(chē)車(chē)廂結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 10
3.1 車(chē)廂設(shè)計(jì) 10
3.2 車(chē)廂車(chē)斗的外形設(shè)計(jì) 11
3.2.1廂斗形狀的確定 11
3.2.2廂斗的尺寸設(shè)計(jì) 12
3.2.3廂斗選材 12
3.3 擺臂式垃圾車(chē)舉升機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì) 13
3.3.1擺臂液壓缸的選用 13
3.3.2擺臂的設(shè)計(jì) 14
3.3.3擺臂的受力分析 15
3.3.4擺臂的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算與校核 18
3.4支腿的設(shè)計(jì) 21
3.5總體結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 22
3.6本章小結(jié) 23
第4章 擺臂式垃圾車(chē)副車(chē)架設(shè)計(jì) 24
4.1副車(chē)架截面形狀及尺寸 24
4.1.1副車(chē)架前端形狀及安裝位置 24
4.1.2縱梁與橫梁的鏈接設(shè)計(jì) 25
4.1.3副車(chē)架與主車(chē)架的連接設(shè)計(jì) 26
4.1.4副車(chē)架的形狀 27
4.2副車(chē)架主要尺寸及參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 27
4.2.1副車(chē)架主要尺寸設(shè)計(jì) 27
4.2.2副車(chē)架強(qiáng)度剛度彎曲適應(yīng)性校核 28
4.3本章小結(jié) 34
第5章 液壓系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 35
5.1液壓系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)計(jì)算 35
5.1.1 擺臂舉升液壓缸選型與設(shè)計(jì) 35
5.1.2 擺臂舉升油泵的選型計(jì)算 36
5.1.3 支腿油缸選型計(jì)算 37
5.1.4 油箱容積與油管內(nèi)徑計(jì)算 38
5.1.5 方向控制閥的選型 39
5.2操縱方式的選型 39
5.3液壓系統(tǒng)原理 40
5.4取力器的選擇 41
5.5本章小結(jié) 42
第6章 東風(fēng)擺臂式垃圾汽車(chē)主要性能計(jì)算 43
6.1動(dòng)力性計(jì)算 43
6.1.1 發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)外特性 43
6.1.2 汽車(chē)行駛方程式 43
6.1.3 動(dòng)力性評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)的計(jì)算 46
6.1.4 擺臂式垃圾車(chē)整車(chē)動(dòng)力性計(jì)算 48
6.2燃油經(jīng)濟(jì)性計(jì)算 51
6.3汽車(chē)穩(wěn)定性計(jì)算 52
6.4本章小結(jié) 53
結(jié)論 55
參考文獻(xiàn) 56
致謝 57
附錄 58
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