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目 錄
中文摘要 Ⅰ
英文摘要 …Ⅱ
第1章 緒論 1
1.1 工業(yè)機(jī)械手的設(shè)計(jì)目的 1
1.2 工業(yè)機(jī)械手在生產(chǎn)中的作用 1
1.3 工業(yè)機(jī)械手的分類………………………………………………………………………….1
1.3.1 按規(guī)格分類……………………………………………………………………………..1
1.3.2 按功能分類……………………………………………………………………………..1
1.3.3 按用途分類……………………………………………………………………………..2
1.4 工業(yè)機(jī)械手的組成………………………………………………………………………….2
1.5 工業(yè)機(jī)械手的技術(shù)發(fā)展方向…………………………………………………………........2
1.6 工業(yè)機(jī)械手的設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容………………………………………………………………….…3
第2章 手部的設(shè)計(jì)……………………………………………………………………………4
2.1 手部的功能、分類…………………………………………………………………..………4
2.2 夾鉗式手部設(shè)計(jì)的基本要求…………………………………………………….…………4
2.3 夾鉗式手部的計(jì)算與分析……………………………………………………….…………4
2.3.1 夾緊液壓缸的計(jì)算…………………………………………………………….……….4
2.3.2 液壓缸直徑D的確定……………………………………………………………..……6
第3章 手臂的設(shè)計(jì)………………………………………………………………………..……8
3.1手臂作升降運(yùn)動(dòng)的液壓缸驅(qū)動(dòng)力計(jì)算..................................................................................8
3.1.1 液壓缸活塞的驅(qū)動(dòng)力的計(jì)算……………………………………………………....……8
3.2 確定液壓缸的結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸…………………………………………………….…………… 10
3.2.1液壓缸內(nèi)徑的計(jì)算………………………………………… ………… ………….……10
3.2.2液壓缸壁厚計(jì)算...............................................................................................................11
3.3 缸蓋螺釘?shù)挠?jì)算……………………………………………………………………..…… 12
第4章 手臂回轉(zhuǎn)液壓缸的設(shè)計(jì)…………………………………………………….15
4.1 手臂回轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)所需要的驅(qū)動(dòng)力矩..........................................................................................15
4.2回轉(zhuǎn)缸內(nèi)徑D的計(jì)算………………………………………………………………………18
4.3缸蓋聯(lián)接螺釘和動(dòng)片聯(lián)接螺釘計(jì)算………………………………………………………19
4.3.1缸蓋聯(lián)接螺釘計(jì)算.........................................................................................................19
4.3.2動(dòng)片與輸出軸聯(lián)接螺釘計(jì)算...........................................................................................19
4.4軸的校核………….…………………………………………………………………...……21
4.4.1許用彎曲應(yīng)力的計(jì)算……………………………………………………...……………21
4.4.2花鍵剪應(yīng)力的計(jì)算……………………………………………………………………...22
第5章 液壓驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng).................................................................................................23
5.1機(jī)械手驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的選擇........................................................................................................23
5.1.1各類驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn).......................................................................................................23
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5.1.2工業(yè)機(jī)械手驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的選擇原則...................................................................................23
5.2 液壓驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng).......................................................................................................................24
5.2.1程序控制機(jī)械手的液壓系統(tǒng)...........................................................................................24
5.2.2 液壓系統(tǒng)傳動(dòng)方案的確定……………………………………………………………..24
5.2.2.1各液壓缸的換向回路………………………………………………………………..24
5.2.2.2調(diào)速方案……………………………………………………………………………..25
5.2.2.3 減速緩沖回路……………………………………………………………………….25
5.2.2.4系統(tǒng)安全可靠性……………………………………………………………………..26
5.2.2.5液壓系統(tǒng)的合成和完善……………………………………………………………..26
5.3 計(jì)算和選擇液壓元件……………………………………………………………………...26
5.3.1 液壓泵…………………………………………………………………………………..26
5.3.1.1計(jì)算液壓泵的工作壓力………………………………………………………..……26
5.3.1.2計(jì)算液壓泵的流量……………………………………………………………..……26
5.3.1.3選擇液壓缸的規(guī)格…………………………………………………………………..26
5.3.1.4計(jì)算功率,選用電動(dòng)機(jī)……………………………………………………………….27
5.3.2選擇液壓控制閥……………………………………………….………………………..27
5.3.3選擇液壓輔助元件……………………………………………………………………...27
5.3.4擬定液壓系統(tǒng)…………………………………………………………………………...28
5.3.4.1換向回路……………………………………………………………………………..28
5.3.4.2調(diào)速方案……………………………………………………………………………..28
5.3.4.3 系統(tǒng)的安全可靠性………………………………………………………………….28
5.3.4.4 合成并完善液壓系統(tǒng)…………………………………….…………………………30
第6章 電氣控制系統(tǒng)…………………………………….…………………………33
6.1 電氣控制系統(tǒng)簡(jiǎn)介………………………………………………………………………..33
6.2 機(jī)械手的電氣控制.............................................................................................................34
6.2.1 步進(jìn)控制工作流程……………………………………………………………………..34
6.2.2 I/O分配………………………...………………………………………………………..34
6.2.3梯形圖及程序…………………………………………………………………………...35
第7章 結(jié)論................................................................................................................38
參考文獻(xiàn) 39
致謝 40
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摘 要
機(jī)械手是工業(yè)機(jī)器人的重要組成部分,在很多情況下它就可以稱為工業(yè)機(jī)器人。工業(yè)機(jī)器人是集機(jī)械、電子、控制、計(jì)算機(jī)、傳感器、人工智能等多學(xué)科先進(jìn)技術(shù)于一體的現(xiàn)代制造業(yè)重要的自動(dòng)化裝備。機(jī)械手是模仿人的手部動(dòng)作,按給定程序、軌跡和要求實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)抓取、搬運(yùn)和操作的自動(dòng)裝置。它特別是在高溫、高壓、多粉塵、易燃、易爆、放射性等惡劣環(huán)境中,以及笨重、單調(diào)、頻繁的操作中代替人作業(yè),因此獲得日益廣泛的應(yīng)用。機(jī)械手一般由執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)、驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)、控制系統(tǒng)及檢測(cè)裝置三大部分組成,智能機(jī)械手還具有感覺系統(tǒng)和智能系統(tǒng)。本篇是根據(jù)給定的主要技術(shù)指標(biāo)及要求,分手部,手臂伸縮,手臂回轉(zhuǎn),驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng),電氣系統(tǒng)介紹了12KG下料機(jī)械手設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程。
關(guān)鍵詞:機(jī)械手 執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu) 驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng) 控制系統(tǒng) 電氣系統(tǒng)
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ABSTRACT
The manipulator is the industry robot important constituent, It may be called the industry robot in very many situations. The industry robot is the collection machinery, electronic, thecontrol, the computer, the sensor, the artificial intelligence and soon the multi-disciplinary advanced technology to a body modernmanufacturing industry important automation equipment. The manipulator imitates person's hand movement, according to assignsthe procedure, the path and the request realization automaticallycaptures, the transporting and the operation automatic device. It specially is in the high temperature, the high pressure, the multi-dust, flammable, explosive, radioactive and so on in the adversecircumstance, as well as is unwieldy, monotonously, in the frequentoperation replaces the person work, therefore obtains day by day thewidespread application. The manipulator generally by the implementing agency, the actuationsystem, the control system and the detector set three major part iscomposed, the intelligent manipulator also has the feeling system andthe intelligent system. This is according to the main technical specification and the requestwhich assigns, divides the hand, the arm expands and contracts, thearm rotation, the actuation system, the electrical system introducedthe 12KG yummy treats manipulator designs the process.
Keywords: Manipulator Implementing agency Actuation system
Control system Electrical system
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