機械外文翻譯 電梯基礎知識-1_曳引式電梯

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1、1 曳引式電梯 Traction lift 電梯是一種機電結合緊密地用電力拖動的特殊升降設備，是一種現代生活中必不可少的，廣泛應用的垂直交通運輸工具，在現代城市文明中，電梯不但已成為高層建筑不可缺少的垂直運輸設備，也將成為低層建筑中的代步工具。 在垂直交通運輸工具中曳引式電梯是使用最普遍的一種電梯。因此，本文以介紹曳引式電梯為主。 Being a special system moving upwards and downwards by combining mechanics and electrics, lift has played an indispensable role

2、in our modern life by serving as widely-used vehicle that runs vertically; it is not only an important vertical vehicle for high-rise buildings, but for low-rising buildings. As a vertical vehicle, traction lift is the most commonly used lift; therefore, the following description will be based on

3、traction lift. 1-1 電梯的基本結構 Lift basic structure 1-1-1 曳引系統 Traction system 曳引系統主要由曳引機、曳引鋼絲繩、導向輪及反繩輪等組成。 Traction system is composed of traction machine, traction rope, diverter pulley and counterweight sheave. 1-1-1-1曳引機有驅動電動機、制動器、減速箱、機座、曳引輪等組成。它是電梯的動力源。 驅動電動機為電梯專用交流電機或直流電機。 As the power p

4、rovider, traction machine is composed of drive motor, brake, geared machine, machine base and traction sheave. Drive motor is AC or DC motor for lift. 制動器通常采用雙瓦塊常閉式電磁制動器。電梯停止或電源斷電情況下制動抱閘，以保證電梯不致移動。 Usually adopted is double lined normally closed magnetic brake. Brake is activated to prevent lift

5、 from moving in case of lift stop or power failure. 減速機大多選用蝸輪蝸桿減速機，也有行星齒輪、斜齒輪減速機。無齒輪電梯不需減速機。 曳引輪即為曳引機上的繩輪，兩端借助曳引鋼絲繩分別懸掛轎廂和對重。 Usually adopted is worm geared machine, besides, star gear and slanting geared machine are also available. Gearless lift needs no geared machine. Traction sheave is a sh

6、eave on traction machine, on both sides of which can suspend car and counterweight by means of traction rope. 1-1-1-2 曳引鋼絲繩的兩端分別連接轎廂和對重（或兩端固定在機房上），依靠鋼絲繩與曳引輪繩槽之間的靜摩擦力來實現電梯轎廂的升降。 Both sides of the traction rope are connected with car and counterweight (or both sides are attached to the machine room)

7、. Car is moved upwards or downwards by means of static friction between traction rope and rope groove. 1-1-1-3導向輪又稱抗繩輪，因電梯轎廂尺寸一般都比較大，轎廂懸掛中心和對重懸掛中心間的距離往往大于設計上所允許的曳引輪直徑，因此對一般電梯而言需要設置導向輪，以保證兩股向下的曳引鋼絲繩之間的距離等于或接近轎廂懸掛中心和對重懸掛中心之間的距離，以分開轎廂和對重的間距。 Deflector sheave is also called beam Pulley. Since car is

8、comparatively large in dimensions; the distance between car suspension center and counterweight suspension center is generally longer than the diameter of traction sheave, deflector sheave is usually used for lifts to ensure the distance between two ropes downwards to be equal or almost equal to the

9、 distance between car suspension center and counterweight suspension center, distancing car and counterweight. 對復繞的無齒輪電梯而言，改變復繞輪的位置同樣可以達到上述目的。采用復繞輪還可以增加曳引能力。 For gearless lift with compound wounding, changing the position of winding pulley can also achieve the above purpose, besides the applicatio

10、n of compound winding pulley can also increase traction capacity. 1-1-1-4 反繩輪 當鋼絲繩的繞繩比大于1時，在轎廂頂和對重架上應增設反繩輪。反繩輪的個數與曳引比有關，可以是1個、2個甚至是3個。 Diversion sheave: with suspension ratio > 1, diversion sheave should be installed on the top of car and counterweight frame. Related to suspension ratio, number o

11、f diversion sheave can be 1, 2 or even 3. 1-1-2 導向系統 Diverter system 導向系統由導軌、導靴（圖1-3）和導軌架（圖1-4）等組成。它的作用是限制轎廂和對重的活動自由度，使轎廂和對重只能沿著導軌做升降運動。 Composed of guide rails, guide shoes and rail frame, diverter system is used to limit the flexibility of car and counterweight, making car and counterweight mo

12、ve along the guide rail upwards and downwards. 導軌固定在導軌架上，導軌架是支撐導軌的組件，與井道壁聯接。 Guide rails are fixed on the rail frame that is used to support rails and connected with well wall. 導靴裝在轎廂和對重架上，與導軌配合，強制轎廂和對重的運動服從于導軌的走向。 Installed on car and counterweight frame, guide shoes are working together with g

13、uide rails, forcing car and counterweight to move in compliance with the direction of guide rails. 1-1-3 門系統 Door system 門系統由轎廂門、層門、門機、聯動機構、門鎖等組成。 Door system is composed of car door, level door, door operator, interconnection and door lock. 轎廂門設在轎廂入口，有門扇、門導軌架、門靴和門刀等組成。 Located in the entrance

14、 to car, car door is composed of door fan, door guide rail frame, door shoe and door vane. 層門設在層站入口，有門扇、門導軌架、門靴、門鎖裝置及應急開鎖裝置組成。 Located in the entrance to landing, landing door is composed of door fan, door guide rail frame, door shoe, door lock and emergency unlocking device. 門機設在轎廂上，是轎門和層門開啟和關閉的

15、動力源。 Installed on the car, door operator is power provider for opening and closing car door and landing door. 1-1-4 轎廂 Car 轎廂是用以運送乘客或貨物的電梯組件。它是由轎廂架和轎廂體組成。 Composed of car frame and car body, car is used to convey passengers or cargo. 轎廂架是轎廂體的承重架構，由上橫梁、立柱、底梁和斜拉桿等組成。 As a support for car body,

16、 car frame is composed of top transom, side transom, bottom transom and brace rod. 轎廂體由轎廂底、轎廂壁、轎廂頂及照明、通風裝置、轎廂裝飾件和操縱盤等組成。轎廂的大小由額定載重量和額定載客量決定。 Car boy is composed of car bottom, car wall, car top, ventilation, decoration profile and control panel. Car dimensions are determined by rated load and pas

17、senger flow. 1-1-5 重量平衡系統 Weight balance system 該系統由對重和重量補償裝置組成。 Such system is composed of counterweight and weight compensation device. 對重由對重架和對重塊組成。對重將平衡轎廂自重和部分的額定載重。 Counterweight is composed of counterweight and counterweight filler. Counter weight is used to offset car weight and partia

18、l rated load. 重量補償裝置是補償高層電梯中轎廂與對重側曳引鋼絲繩長度變化對電梯平衡影響的裝置。 Weight compensation device is used to offset the influence on the lift balance arising from the changing rope length of car and counterweight. 1-1-6 電力拖動系統 Electrical driving system 該系統由曳引電機、供電系統、速度反饋裝置、調速裝置等組成。對電梯實行速度控制。 Composed of tract

19、ion machine, power supply system, speed feedback device and speed-adjusting device, such system is used to control lift speed. 曳引電機是電梯的動力源，根據電梯配置可用交流電機或直流電機。 Traction machine is the power provider for lift. AC or DC motor can be selected based on lift configuration. 供電系統是為電機提供電源的裝置。 Power suppl

20、y system provides power for motor. 速度反饋裝置是為調速系統提供電梯運行速度信號。一般采用測速發(fā)電機或速度脈沖發(fā)生器，與電機相連。 Speed feedback device is used to provide lift speed signal for speed-adjusting system. Connected with motor, tachogenerator or speed pulse generator is usually adopted. 調速裝置對曳引電機實行調速控制。 Speed adjusting device is

21、used to control speed of traction motor. 1-1-7 電氣控制系統 Electrical control system 電氣控制系統由操縱裝置、位置顯示裝置、控制裝置、平層裝置、選層器等組成。它的作用是對電梯的運行實行操縱和控制。 Composed of operation device, position indicator device, control device, leveling device and selector, electrical control system is used to operate and control

22、lift. 操縱裝置包括轎廂操縱盤或手柄開關箱、層站召喚按鈕、轎頂和機房中的檢修或應急操縱箱。 控制裝置安裝在機房中，由各類電氣控制元件（或板）組成，是電梯實行電氣控制的集中組件。 Operation device is composed of operation panel or handle switch tank, landing call button, inspection or emergency control box. Installed in the machine room, as the integrated unit for electrical control

23、, control device is composed of electrical control components (or panels). 位置顯示裝置裝在轎廂內和大廳內，顯示電梯的運行層站和方向及載客量等信息。 Position indicator is installed in car and landing, indicating such information as lift running landing, direction and passenger flow. 選層器可由機械式、繼電器或電子式組成，起指示和反饋轎廂位置、決定運行方向、發(fā)出減速信號等作用。 H

24、aving mechanic, relay or electronic types, selector is used to indicate and feedback car position, determine running direction and give out reduction signal. 1-1-8 安全保護系統 Safety protection system 電梯上設有機械和電氣各類保護系統，以保證電梯安全使用。 Lift is equipped with mechanic and electrical protection systems to ensu

25、re lift safe operation. 機械方面有限速器、安全鉗、緩沖器、漸進式行程開關等。 Mechanical devices include overspeed governor, safety gear, buffer and progressive travel switch. 電氣方面設有一系列安全開關保護電梯的各個運行環(huán)節(jié)，例如，電源斷路保護器，轎頂急停開關，底坑急停開關，極限開關，緊急出口接點，超速保護開關，安全鉗開關，門保護開關，檢修開關等。 Electrical devices include a series of safety switches to p

26、rotect every operation stages, such as power cut-off protector, emergency stop switch on top of the car and in the pit, limit switch, emergency exit contact, overspeed protection switch, safety gear switch, door protection switch and inspection switch. 1-2 電梯的分類 Lift types 電梯的定義：用電力拖動的轎廂運行于鉛垂的或與鉛

27、垂方向傾斜不大于15o的兩列剛性導軌之間運送乘客或貨物的固定設備。目前不論其驅動方式如何，將電梯作為建筑物內垂直交通運輸工具的總稱。 Lift is defined as a fixed device that hoists a car traveling vertically or not exceeding 15°vertically between two rigid rails, to convey passengers or cargo. Whatever drive type lift has, it is a collective term for vehicle trave

28、ling within a building. 根據建筑物的高度、用途及客流量（或物流量）不同，而設置不同種類的電梯。目前電梯的基本分類方法大致如下： Based on the building’s height, application and passenger flow（or cargo flow), different types of lifts are used. Currently, lifts are classified based on the following criteria: 1-2-1 按驅動方式分類 Classified by drive type

29、 1-2-1-1 交流電梯 AC lift 用交流感應電動機作為驅動力的電梯。根據拖動方式又可分為交流單速、交流雙速、交流調壓調速、交流調頻調壓調速電梯。 AC motor is used in lift. Based on traction types, lifts can be classified as AC single-speed, AC double-speed, AC speed / voltage-viable, AC viable speed / frequency lifts. 1-2-1-2 直流電梯 DC lift 用直流電動機作為驅動力的電梯，這類電梯

30、的額定速度都在2m/s以上。 DC motor is used in lift whose rated speed is above 2m/s. 1-2-1-3 液壓電梯 Hydraulic lift 利用電動泵驅動液體流動，由柱塞使轎廂升降的電梯。 By means of electrical pump driving fluid, lift is moved upwards or downwards through plunders. 1-2-1-4 齒輪齒條電梯 Gear rack lift 將導軌加工成齒條，轎廂裝上與齒條嚙合的齒輪, 電動機帶動齒輪旋轉使轎廂升降的電梯

31、。 Rails are made into gear racks. Car is equipped with gears that are engaged with racks. Lift is moved upwards or downwards by means of the rotation of gears driven by motor. 1-2-1-5 螺桿式電梯 Spiral lever lift 將直頂式電梯的柱塞加工成矩形螺紋，再將帶有推力軸承的大螺母安裝于油缸頂，然后通過電機經減速機（或皮帶）帶動大螺母旋轉，從而使螺桿頂升轎廂上升或下降的電梯。 In spir

32、al level lifts, plunders of straightly-pushed lifts are made into rectangular threads; big nuts with pushing bearings are installed on the top of the cylinder. Through motor, the big nuts rotate with geared machine (or belt). Therefore, supported by the spiral lever, lifts can move upward or downwa

33、rds. 1-2-1-6直線電機驅動的電梯 Machine driven by lineal motor 其動力源是直線電機。 Lift is powered by lineal motor. 1-2-2 按用途分類 Classified by applications 1-2-2-1 乘客電梯 Passenger lift 為運送乘客設計的電梯，要求有完善的安全設施及一定的轎廂內裝飾。 Passenger lift is designed to convey passengers and required to have perfect safety facilit

34、ies and necessary decoration in the car. 1-2-2-2 載貨電梯 Cargo lift 主要為運送貨物而設計的電梯，有司機載貨電梯允許司機及裝卸人員隨同上下；無司機載貨電梯僅允許裝卸人員在裝卸貨物時出入轎廂，但不允許隨貨物一同上下，更不準運載乘客。 Cargo lift is designed to convey cargo and classified into 2 types: Lift with driver: driver and servicemen are allowed to be with the cargo in the

35、moving car. Lift without driver: only servicemen are allowed to enter the car to load or unload cargo at the landing, but not allowed to be with the cargo in a moving car; passengers are not allowed to enter the car either. 1-2-2-3 病床電梯（醫(yī)用梯） Hospital lift (medical lift) 為運送病床、擔架、醫(yī)用車而設計的電梯，轎廂具有長而

36、窄的特點。 Characteristic of being long and narrow, it is designed to convey patient bed, stretcher, and medical vane. 1-2-2-4 服務電梯（雜物梯） Service lift (dumbwaiter lift) 供圖書館、辦公樓、飯店、食品等設計的電梯。這類電梯無安全設施，轎廂內嚴禁載人。 Service lift is designed for library, office building and hotel. Without safety facilities,

37、 such lift is not allowed to convey passengers. 1-2-2-5 觀光電梯 Sightseeing lift 轎廂壁透明，供乘客觀光用的電梯。 With transparent car wall, sightseeing lift is designed for tourists. 1-2-2-6 車輛電梯 Vehicle lift 用作裝運車輛的電梯。 Vehicle lift is designed to convey vehicles. 1-2-2-7 船舶電梯 Ship lift 船舶上使用的電梯。 Ship lif

38、t is designed for ship. 1-2-2-8 建筑施工電梯 Construction lift 建筑施工與維修用的電梯。 Construction lift is designed for construction and maintenance. 別墅電梯 裝在別墅內的家用電梯， 1-2-2-9 其他 Others 除上述常用電梯外，還有些特殊用途的電梯，如冷庫電梯、防爆電梯、礦井電梯、電站電梯、消防員用的電梯等。 Besides the above mentioned lifts, there are lifts for special applica

39、tions, such as freezer lift, explosion-proof lift, mine lift, power station lift and fireman lift. 1-2-3 按速度分類 Classified by speed 電梯無嚴格的速度分類，一般習慣上如下分類 Lifts fall into the following categories: 1-2-3-1 低速梯：常指速度低于/s的電梯； Low-speed lift is defined as lift with speed less than /s. 1-2-3-2 快速梯：常指

40、速度在1.0～/s的電梯； Fast-speed lift is defined as lift with speed ranging from /s to /s. 1-2-3-3 高速梯：常指速度大于/s的電梯 High-speed lift is defined as lift with speed more than /s. 1-2-4 按電梯有無司機分類 Classified by lift with or without driver 1-2-4-1 有司機電梯 Lift with attendant 電梯的運行方式由專職司機操縱來完成。 Lift running

41、 is operated by an attendant. 1-2-4-2 無司機電梯 Lift without attendant 乘客進入電梯轎廂，按下操縱箱上所需要去的層樓按鈕，電梯自動運行到達目的層樓。這類電梯具有集選功能。 Lift without attendant: Entering the car and operating floor button to select a floor desired, passenger can be conveyed to a landing desired. Such lift is featured collective-se

42、lection. 1-2-4-3 有/無司機電梯 Lift with / without attendant 這類電梯可變換控制電路，平時由乘客操縱，如遇客流量大或必要時改由司機操作。 Lift with/without attendant is operated by passengers usually. In cased of big passenger flow or necessary circumstance, it will be operated by the attendant. 1-2-5 按操縱控制方式分類 Classified by control mo

43、de 1-2-5-1 手柄開關操縱 Handle- operated 電梯司機在轎廂內控制操縱箱手柄開關，實現電梯的起動、上升、下降、平層、停止的運行狀態(tài)。它要求轎廂門上裝有透明玻璃窗口或使用柵欄轎門，井道壁上有層樓標記和平層標記，電梯司機根據這些標記判斷層樓數及控制電梯平層。 By operating the handle of the control box in the car, the driver can make the lift start up, move upwards, move downwards, level and stop. It is required

44、the car door equipped with transparent glass window or grid car door; well wall is required to be have floor or leveling flag, by which the driver can determine floor number and control leveling. 1-2-5-2 按鈕控制電梯 Button-controlled 是一種簡單的自動控制電梯，據有自動平層功能，常見以下兩種控制方式： With automatic leveling function

45、, button-controlled lift is simple and automatic, which has 2 control modes: 1-2-5-2-1 轎廂外按鈕控制 Button outside car 轎廂由安裝在各樓層門口的按鈕箱進行操縱。操縱內容通常為召喚電梯、指令運行方向和停靠樓層。電梯在接受了某一層樓的操縱指令，在沒有完成指令前是不接受其他樓層的操縱指令的。這種操作方式通常用于服務梯或層站少的貨梯。 Car is controlled by the button box equipped in landing door. Car call, r

46、unning direction and parking can be controlled. Lift will not execute any new command from other landings until it finishes executing a previous command. Such control mode is usually applicable to service lift or cargo lift with not more than 10 landings. 1-2-5-2-2轎廂內按鈕控制 按鈕箱在轎廂內，有司機操作。電梯只接受轎廂內按鈕

47、指令，層站的召喚按鈕只燃亮轎內指示燈（或起動電鈴），不能截停和操縱電梯。 Button inside car: buttons inside car are operated by the driver. Lift only accepts command inside car; landing call button can only light up indicators inside car (or start alarm), can not stop or operate lift. 1-2-5-3 信號控制電梯 Signal-controlled lift 這是一種自動控制

48、程度較高的有司機電梯。除具有自動平層，自動開門功能外，尚具有轎廂命令登記，層站召喚登記，自動停層，順向截車和自動換向等功能。司機只要將需要停站的層樓按鈕逐一按下，再按下啟動按鈕，電梯就自動關門運行。在這中間，司機只需操縱起動按鈕，一直到預先登記的指令全部執(zhí)行完畢。在運行中，電梯能被符合運行方向的層站召喚信號截停。采用這種控制方式的常為有司機客梯。 It is a highly automated lift with driver. Besides having automatic leveling and door-opening, it has such functions as com

49、mand register, landing call register, automatic landing, on-the-way stop and automatic return. Just pressing the desired floor buttons one by one and start-up button, the driver can make the lift close the door and operate. 1-2-5-4 集選控制電梯 Collective selective control lift 是一種在信號控制基礎上發(fā)展起來的全自動控制

50、的電梯。與信號控制的主要區(qū)別在于能實現無司機操縱。其主要特點是：把轎廂內選層信號和各層外呼信號集合起來，自動決定上、下運行方向，順序應答。這類電梯需在轎廂上設置稱重裝置，以免電梯超載。轎門上需設有保護裝置，防止乘客出入轎廂時被軋傷。 Evolving from signal control lift, collective selective control lift is fully automatic. Compared with the former, it can achieve driverless control. Its main characteristic is the

51、 combination of car call and landing call, so as to automatically control upward and downward movement, and sequent response. Load-weight device should be installed in the car to avoid overload. Also protection device is needed on the car door to protect passengers against body injury during getti

52、ng in and out from the car. 集選控制又分為全集選（雙向）控制和上或下（單向）集選控制。全集選控制的電梯，無論在上行或下行時，全部應答層站的召喚指令。而單向集選，只能應答層站一個方向（上或下）的召喚信號。一般下集選控制方式用得較多，如住宅樓內。 Collective selective control is classified into whole (two-way) and upward or downward (one-way) collective selective control. In the mode of whole collective se

53、lective control, lift will respond to all landing calls no matter in upward or downward movement. In the mode of one-way collective selective control, lift will only respond to landing call from upward or downward. Generally speaking, collective selective control downward is used more frequently,

54、for instance, for residential building. 1-2-5-5 并聯控制電梯 Parallel control lift 2～3臺電梯的控制線路并聯起來進行邏輯控制，共用層站外召喚按鈕，電梯本身都具有集選功能。 PLC is executed through parallel circuit for the control of two to three lifts, with landing call button shared. Lift has collective selective function. 兩臺并聯集選控制組成的電梯，基站設在大

55、樓的底層，當一臺電梯執(zhí)行指令完畢后，自動返回基站。另一臺電梯在完成其所有任務后，就停留在最后?？康膶訕亲鳛閭溆锰?，準備接受基站以上出現的任何指令而運行?；咎菘蓛?yōu)先供進入大樓的乘客服務，備用梯主要應答其他層樓的召喚。當重新出現召喚指令時，備用梯首先應答、啟動、運行。當備用梯運行后方出現召喚信號時，則基站梯接受信號啟動出發(fā)。基站梯和備用梯不是固定不變的，而是跟據運行的實際情況確定。備用梯也有可能在執(zhí)行轎廂內乘客的指令后停留在基站，優(yōu)先應答基站召喚。 For two lifts with parallel collective selective control, since home land

56、ing is on the bottom of the building, after one lift has executed command, it will return to the home landing as home landing lift. Finishing all tasks, the other lift will dwell in the latest landing as a stand-by lift to wait for further command from landings above the home landing. Receiving ca

57、ll command, the stand-by lift will respond, start up and run. If any call gives out after the operation of the stand-by lift, the home landing lift will receive the call and start. Home landing lift and stand-by lift are changeable according to actual circumstances. Stand-by lift can also park i

58、n the home landing after executing commands from passengers in the car, responding to home landing preferably. 三臺并聯集選組成的電梯，有兩臺電梯作為基站梯，一臺為備用梯。運行原則類同于兩臺并聯控制電梯。 For three lifts with parallel collective selective control, two of them will serve as home landing lifts, with the remaining one as stand-b

59、y lift. Operation principle is same as that of two lifts. 1-2-5-6 群控電梯 Group control lifts 群控是用微機控制和統一調度多臺集中并列的電梯。群控可以有： Group control lifts are several lifts controlled and coordinated by computer. 1-2-5-6-1 梯群的程序控制 控制系統按預先編制好的交通模式程序集中調度和控制。如將一天中客流分成上行客流量高峰狀態(tài)，客流量平衡狀態(tài)，下行客流量高峰狀態(tài)，上行客流量較下行大的狀態(tài)，

60、下行客流量較上行大的狀態(tài)，空閑時的客流量狀態(tài)。電梯在工作中，按照當時客流情況，以轎廂的負載、層站的召喚頻繁程度，運行一周的時間間隔等為依據，自動選擇或人工變換控制程序，如在上行高峰期，對電梯實行下行直駛控制等。 Program control: Coordination and control are made through programmed traffic mode. For instance, passenger flow in one day is classified into the following statuses: upward peak traffic, bala

61、nced traffic, downward peak traffic, upward traffic flow more than downward traffic flow, downward traffic flow more than upward traffic flow, idle traffic. For lift in service, based on passenger flow, car load, landing call frequency, running interval for one week, it is possible to select automa

62、tic or manual control program, for instance, during upward peak traffic, downward running with non-stop is possible for lift. 1-2-5-6-2梯群智能控制電梯 智能控制電梯有數據的采集、交換、存儲功能，還有進行分析、篩選、報告的功能。控制系統可以顯示出所有電梯的運行狀態(tài)，同過專用程序可分析電梯的工作效率、評價電梯的服務水平。計算機根據當前的客流情況，自動選擇最佳的運行控制程序。最新研制出的大樓管理系統，包括了大樓中所有服務設備，如鍋爐、暖通、空調、電梯的群控和管理的

63、智能化系統。 Intelligence controlled lift: It has such functions as data collection, data exchange, saving, analysis, screening and report. Control panel can display operation status of all lifts；lift-specific program can analyze lift efficiency and evaluate lift service quality. Based on current passe

64、nger flow, computer can select optimum operation control program. The latest developed building management system includes all service facilities, such as boiler, heating system, air-conditioning system, group control and management intelligence system. 1-2-6 按曳引機有無減速機分類 Classified by traction ma

65、chine with or without geared machine 1-2-6-1 有齒輪電梯 電梯曳引輪的轉速與電動機的轉速不相等（電動機轉速大于曳引輪轉速）中間有渦輪蝸桿減速機或齒輪減速機（行星齒輪、斜齒輪）。一般電梯的額定速度≤2m/s。 traction machine with geared machine: The speed of traction machine is not equal to that of motor (the speed of motor is more than that of traction machine.). There a worm

66、geared machine or gearless machine (star gear, slanting gear). Normally rated speed of lift is ≤2m/s. 1-2-6-2 無齒輪電梯 電梯曳引輪轉速與電動機轉速相等，中間無渦輪蝸桿減速機或齒輪減速機。對于此類電梯，要求電動機具有低轉速、大轉矩特性。電梯的額定速度≥2m/s。 Gearless lift: The speed of traction machine is equal to that of motor. There is no worm geared machine or gearless machine. For such lifts, the motor should be of low speed, big torque, with rated speed equal to or more than 2m/s. 1-2-7按機房位置分類 Classified by machine room position 1-2-7-1 上置式機房 機房在井道的頂部；