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武漢職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文 論文題目:撥叉零件的加工工藝規(guī)程編制及 專用夾具設(shè)計(jì) 班 級(jí): 專 業(yè): 學(xué)生姓名: 指導(dǎo)教師: 日 期: I 摘 要 機(jī)械制造工藝及設(shè)備畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)是我們完成本專業(yè)教學(xué)計(jì)劃的最后一個(gè)極為重 要的實(shí)踐性教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié),是使我們綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)過(guò)的基本課程,基本知識(shí)與基本技 能去解決專業(yè)范圍內(nèi)的工程技術(shù)問(wèn)題而進(jìn)行的一次基本訓(xùn)練 。 我們?cè)谕瓿僧厴I(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的同時(shí),也培養(yǎng)了我們正確使用技術(shù)資料,國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn), 有關(guān)手冊(cè),圖冊(cè)等工具書(shū),進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算,數(shù)據(jù)處理,編寫技術(shù)文件等方面的工 作能力,也為我們以后的工作打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ),所以我們要認(rèn)真對(duì)待這次綜合能 力運(yùn)用的機(jī)會(huì)! 此次設(shè)計(jì)是對(duì)撥叉零件的加工工藝和夾具設(shè)計(jì),其零件為鑄件,具有體積小, 零件復(fù)雜的特點(diǎn),由于面比孔易加工,在制定工藝規(guī)程時(shí),就先加工面,再以面 為基準(zhǔn)來(lái)加工其它,其中各工序夾具都采用專用夾具,特別的對(duì)于加工大頭孔、 槽和鉆小頭孔斜面小孔的工序中,選一面兩銷的定位方式,并以操作簡(jiǎn)單的手動(dòng) 夾緊方式夾緊,其機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)簡(jiǎn)單,方便且能滿足要求。 關(guān)鍵詞 撥叉,加工工藝,專用夾具,設(shè)計(jì) II ABSTRACT Machinery manufacturing technology and equipment of graduation design is we complete the teaching plan finally a very important link of practice teaching is to make our comprehensive use of the learned basic courses, basic knowledge and basic skills to solve within the scope of professional engineering and technical problems and a basic training. We in the completion of the graduation design at the same time, but also cultivate the we make a proper use of information technology, national standards, the manual, an album of paintings and other tools, design and calculation, data processing, write technical documents such as the ability to work, but also for our future work to lay a solid foundation, so we have to seriously the comprehensive ability to apply the opportunity! This design is to dials forks the components the processing craft and the jig design, its components are the forging, has the volume to be small, components complex characteristic,Because the surface is easier than the hole to process, when formulation technological process, first the machined surface, then processes other take the surface as the datum,In which various working procedures jig all uses the unit clamp, special regarding processes the big end of hole, the trough and drills the capitellum hole incline eyelet in the working procedure, Chooses locate mode which two sells at the same time, and operates the simple manual clamp way clamp, its organization design is simple, the convenience also can satisfy the request. Key words: Dials the fork, the processing craft, unit clamp, design II 目 錄 摘 要 ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????I ABSTRACT??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????1 1 緒 論 ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????1 2 撥叉的分析 ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????5 2.1 撥叉的工藝分析 ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????5 2.2 撥叉的工藝要求 ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????5 3 工藝規(guī)程設(shè)計(jì) ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????7 3.1 加工工藝過(guò)程 ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????7 3.2 確定各表面加工方案 ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????7 3.2.1 影響加工方法的因素 ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????7 3.2.2 加工方案的選擇 ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????8 3.3 確定定位基準(zhǔn) ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????8 3.2.1 粗基準(zhǔn)的選擇 ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????8 3.2.1 精基準(zhǔn)選擇的原則 ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????9 3.4 工藝路線的擬訂 ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????9 3.4.1 工序的合理組合 ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????10 3.4.2 工序的集中與分散 ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????10 3.4.3 加工階段的劃分 ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????11 3.4.4 加工工藝路線方案的比較 ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????12 3.5 撥叉的偏差,加工余量,工序尺寸及毛坯尺寸的確定 ???????????????????????????????????????????????????12 3.5.1 毛坯的結(jié)構(gòu)工藝要求 ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????12 3.5.2 撥叉的偏差計(jì)算 ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????13 3.6 確定切削用量及基本工時(shí)(機(jī)動(dòng)時(shí)間) ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????14 3.7 時(shí)間定額計(jì)算及生產(chǎn)安排 ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????20 4 鉆孔夾具設(shè)計(jì) ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????23 4.1 研究原始質(zhì)料 ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????23 4.2 定位基準(zhǔn)的選擇 ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????23 4.3 切削力及夾緊力的計(jì)算 ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????23 II 4.4 誤差分析與計(jì)算 ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????24 4.5 零、部件的設(shè)計(jì)與選用 ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????25 4.5.1 定位銷選用 ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????25 4.5.2 夾緊裝置的選用 ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????26 4.5.3 鉆套、襯套、鉆板設(shè)計(jì)與選用 ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????26 4.6 夾具設(shè)計(jì)及操作的簡(jiǎn)要說(shuō)明 ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????27 結(jié) 論 ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????28 參考文獻(xiàn) ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????29 致 謝 ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????30