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南京林業(yè)大學(xué)
本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）
題 目： 小型挖坑機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)
學(xué) 院： 南方學(xué)院
專 業(yè)： 機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及其自動(dòng)化
學(xué) 號(hào)： N090301122
學(xué)生姓名： 徐蘇寧
指導(dǎo)教師： 周鳳芳
職 稱： 講師
二 O 一 三 年 六 月 一 日
第 1 頁
南京林業(yè)大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)
目錄
*1 引言...................................................................................................................................................................... 5
*2 方案對(duì)比與結(jié)構(gòu).................................................................................................................................................. 5
*2.1 國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀...................................................................................................................................... 5
*2.2 挖坑機(jī)的構(gòu)造.......................................................................................................................................... 7
*2.2.1 挖坑機(jī)的工作條件 ...................................................................................................................... 7
*2.2.2 挖坑機(jī)的分類............................................................................................................................... 7
*2.2.3 挖坑機(jī)的鉆頭.............................................................................................................................. 8
*3 手提式挖坑機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................................................................................... 9
*3.1 手提式挖坑機(jī)的工作原理 ...................................................................................................................... 9
*3.2 動(dòng)力選擇................................................................................................................................................ 11
*3.3 螺旋鉆頭的設(shè)計(jì)和計(jì)算 ......................................................................................................................... 12
*3.3.1 螺旋工作面的設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................................................................................... 12
*3.3.2 刀片的設(shè)計(jì)................................................................................................................................ 12
*3.3.3 鉆尖的設(shè)計(jì)................................................................................................................................ 13
*3.4 離合器的設(shè)計(jì).......................................................................................................................................... 14
*3.5 減速器的設(shè)計(jì).......................................................................................................................................... 22
*4 發(fā)展趨勢(shì)............................................................................................................................................................ 32
*4.1 一機(jī)多能........................................................................................................................................ 32
*4.2 人機(jī)和諧........................................................................................................................................ 32
*4.3 應(yīng)用范圍........................................................................................................................................ 32
*參考文獻(xiàn)................................................................................................................................................................ 33
第 2 頁
南京林業(yè)大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)
摘要
本文介紹了手提式挖坑機(jī)的相關(guān)背景、國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀、挖坑機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)要求及其類型、工作原
理、技術(shù)性能。通過對(duì)原始數(shù)據(jù)的分析比較、方案的論證以及綜合考慮，完成了手提式挖坑機(jī)的總體
設(shè)計(jì)。在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)手提式挖坑機(jī)從結(jié)構(gòu)原理、動(dòng)力選擇 、離合器的設(shè)計(jì)、螺旋鉆頭的設(shè)計(jì)、減速器
設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行闡述。擺線針輪行星減速器作為重要的機(jī)械傳動(dòng)部件具有體積小、重量輕、傳動(dòng)效率高的特
點(diǎn)。本設(shè)計(jì)在全面考慮多齒嚙合、運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)平穩(wěn)、輪齒均載等運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)和動(dòng)力學(xué)的要求，實(shí)現(xiàn)高承載能力、
高傳遞效率、高可靠性和優(yōu)良動(dòng)力學(xué)性能等指標(biāo)，而且要便于制造、裝配和檢修，設(shè)計(jì)了該具有合理
結(jié)構(gòu)的擺線針輪行星減速器。
本設(shè)計(jì)建立了合理的動(dòng)力分析數(shù)學(xué)模型，對(duì)擺線針輪傳動(dòng)中的擺線輪、轉(zhuǎn)臂軸承、柱銷及軸進(jìn)行
準(zhǔn)確的受力分析，并其求解。計(jì)算并校核主要件的強(qiáng)度及轉(zhuǎn)臂軸承、各支承軸承的壽命，分析結(jié)果可
以看到，各軸承性能指標(biāo)均符合要求。
利用Auto CAD軟件對(duì)擺線針輪減速器各零件建立幾何三維模型、擺線針輪減速器虛擬裝配及工程
圖生成。用本文的方法設(shè)計(jì)擺線針輪減速器，具有設(shè)計(jì)快捷、方便等特點(diǎn)。研究結(jié)果對(duì)提高設(shè)計(jì)的速
度、質(zhì)量具有重要意義。
第 3 頁
南京林業(yè)大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)
Abstract：
********This article introduces the portable digger including the relevant
background ， overseas and domestic research status ， the design requirements and
*the type of the digger ， operating principle ， technical characteristic 。 By
analysising and comparing the the original data，The cycloid—gear reducer is one
of the most important transmission components of the pumping unit by its smaller
*volume ， lighter weight and effective transmission. In order to realize four
targets which include high transmission efficiency, high reliability and the
excellent dynamics performance and guarantee credible lubricate ability, receive
high efficiency of transmission, and make it easy for manufacture, assembly and
inspection, we thought over all the requests in the round and design the rational
structure cycloid—gear reducer.
In this design，we built the exact force analysis mathematical
model of the cycloid—gear reducer, analyzed the forces born by the cycloid-gear,
the bearings and the shaft, and produce the Matlab language software analyze of
the forces analysis. We analyzed the forces of parts in the cycloid—gear reducer
and calculated the intensity and the life of parts. From analyzed the results, we
found the parts are our requests.
When we establish the three—dimensional structure of the Planet—cycloid
Reducer model with the software UG，Carry on visual design and virtual assemble
and drawing paper．The result of study have the guide meaning to accelerate design
speed and quantities of the Planet—cycloid Reducer．
第 4 頁
1.引言：
南京林業(yè)大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)
我國(guó)的森林資源不足，森林覆蓋率很低。從國(guó)家林業(yè)局公布的第六次全國(guó)森林資源調(diào)查
*結(jié)果來看，目前我國(guó)森林資源現(xiàn)狀是：林 業(yè)用地面活立木總蓄積量為 124.9 億 m ；森林蓄
*積量為 112.7 億 m ；除臺(tái)灣省外，全國(guó)人工林 面積為 46666.7 萬 m3；人工林蓄積為 10.1
億 m3。從以上調(diào)查數(shù)字可以看出，全國(guó)森林覆蓋率
(27%) 的 61.3% ；我國(guó)人均森林面積和人均森林蓄積分別
為 16.55%，僅相當(dāng)于世界森林覆蓋率
*相當(dāng)于世界人均水平的 1/5 和