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畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)
題目:數(shù)控臥式鏜銑床刀庫機(jī)械手升降機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與分析
系 別: 機(jī)電信息系
專 業(yè): 機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及其自動(dòng)化
班 級(jí):
學(xué) 生:
學(xué) 號(hào):
指導(dǎo)教師:
2013年05月
0
數(shù)控臥式鏜銑床刀庫機(jī)械手升降機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與分析
摘 要
數(shù)控臥式機(jī)床的發(fā)展與應(yīng)用,大大降低了零件的加工輔助時(shí)間,提高了生產(chǎn)效率。隨著數(shù)控機(jī)床的普及應(yīng)用,機(jī)械加工的自動(dòng)化程度大大提高,數(shù)控機(jī)床發(fā)展成了當(dāng)今普遍應(yīng)用的一種更新、更先進(jìn)的制造設(shè)備。加工中心帶有刀庫和自動(dòng)換刀裝置,可以實(shí)現(xiàn)按照預(yù)定程序?qū)ぜM(jìn)行多工序加工。
數(shù)控臥式鏜銑床是一種具有自動(dòng)換刀裝置和任意分度數(shù)控轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)的數(shù)字控制機(jī)床,工件在一次裝夾后能自動(dòng)完成幾個(gè)側(cè)面的的多種工序的加工。數(shù)控臥式鏜銑床刀庫機(jī)械手升降機(jī)構(gòu)由液動(dòng)機(jī)、滾珠絲杠副、減速齒輪、摩擦片式電磁離合器等構(gòu)成。了解刀庫機(jī)械手升降機(jī)構(gòu)的性能要求;了解刀庫機(jī)械手升降機(jī)構(gòu)的工作原理,進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)和計(jì)算分析;液動(dòng)機(jī)帶動(dòng)滾珠絲杠轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng),帶動(dòng)手架運(yùn)動(dòng),通過減速和離合器吸合,絲杠制動(dòng),使手架準(zhǔn)確停在換刀位置,良好的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)刀庫中刀具的快速更換,提高機(jī)床的加工效率。
關(guān)鍵詞: 升降機(jī)構(gòu);JCS-013數(shù)控鏜銑床;液動(dòng)機(jī);滾珠絲杠;手架;離合器;
CNC horizontal boring and milling machine tool storage manipulator lifting mechanism design and analysis
Abstract
With the development of NC,the automatic tool changer system is more and more important in the modern advanced manufacture,because the ATC can shorten the cycle time of product manufacturing,improve the precision of product machining.The latest requirements of machine tool user comprise of diversification of control object,complexity of process,flexible of application and high reliability.The function of tool magazine is that stores the tool and moves the tool
which will be used in the next manufacturing process to the right changeover position and robot will finish the change over tool.
CNC horizontal boring and milling machine is a automatic tool change device and arbitrary indexing of digital control machine tool nc rotary table, After a clamping workpiece can automatically complete several profiles of a variety of machining process. CNC horizontal boring and milling machine tool storage manipulator lifting mechanism by the Liquid motive, The ball screw vice, Reduction ear, Friction plate electromagnetic clutch, etc. Understanding of knife library manipulator lifting mechanism performance requirements ,The understanding of the principle of operation of knife library manipulator lifting mechanism, Structure design and calculation analysis, Liquid motivation drives the ball screw rotation, lead frame hand movement, By slowing down and clutch and screw brake, make hand aircraft parked in knife position accurately,
Good design can bring about quick replacement knife tool in library, improve the processing efficiency of machine tool.
Key words: Lifting mechanism; CNC horizontal boring and milling machine ;Liquid motive ;Ball screw;Hand; Clutch;
目錄
1 緒論 1
1.1數(shù)控鏜銑床的結(jié)構(gòu)組成 1
1.2國內(nèi)外數(shù)控機(jī)床的發(fā)展 2
1.2.1國內(nèi)外數(shù)控臥式鏜銑床的現(xiàn)狀 2
1.3數(shù)控機(jī)床的發(fā)展趨勢(shì) 5
1.3.1高速化、高精度化、高可靠性 5
1.3.2復(fù)合化 6
1.3.3智能化 6
1.3.4柔性化、集成化 6
2數(shù)控臥式鏜銑床刀庫機(jī)械手升降機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 7
2.1 設(shè)計(jì)目的 7
2.2 設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容 7
2.3升降機(jī)構(gòu)的組成和運(yùn)動(dòng) 7
2.3.1升降機(jī)構(gòu)的組成 7
2.3.2 手架升降機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動(dòng) 8
3 升降機(jī)構(gòu)驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī) 9
3.1 升降電機(jī)的選擇 9
3.1.1 升降電機(jī)的理論分析 9
3.1.2升降電機(jī)的選擇 10
3.2 電機(jī)調(diào)速 11
3.2.1 變頻調(diào)速原理 12
3.2.2變頻器選型時(shí)要確定以下幾點(diǎn) 12
4摩擦片式電磁離合器的選用 13
4.1轉(zhuǎn)矩特性 13
4.2動(dòng)作特性 14
4.3散熱特性與壽命 14
4.4摩擦片式電磁離合器的測(cè)試方法 14
4.4.1靜力矩的測(cè)定 14
4.4.2動(dòng)力矩的測(cè)定 14
4.4.3空轉(zhuǎn)力矩的測(cè)定 15
4.4.4殘留力矩及力矩消滅時(shí)間的測(cè)定 15
4.5選用電磁離合器的注意事項(xiàng) 16
5 滾珠絲杠副的選用 17
5.1滾珠絲杠副的工作原理 17
5.2滾珠絲杠副的類型 18
5.2.1外循環(huán) 18
5.2.2 內(nèi)循環(huán) 18
5.3滾珠絲杠副的傳動(dòng)特點(diǎn) 19
5.4滾珠絲杠的選用指標(biāo) 19
5.5滾珠絲杠副的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 20
5.6滾珠絲杠的保護(hù) 24
6 控制系統(tǒng) 25
6.1模擬式 25
6.2數(shù)字式 25
6.2.1行程開關(guān) 25
6.2.2接近開關(guān) 26
總 結(jié) 27
參 考 文 獻(xiàn) 28
致 謝 29
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)聲明 30
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)獨(dú)創(chuàng)性聲明 31
0
1 緒論
在車床、鏜床、銑床、插、拉床、磨床、數(shù)控加工中心、齒輪加工中心、切斷機(jī)床、特種加工機(jī)床、組合機(jī)床、柔性制造系統(tǒng)等眾多機(jī)械加工設(shè)備中,鏜銑床加工特點(diǎn):加工過程中工件不動(dòng),讓刀具移動(dòng),并使刀具轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)(主運(yùn)動(dòng)),在實(shí)踐中具有“萬能機(jī)床”的稱號(hào)。
鏜銑床主要是刀具在工件上加工已有預(yù)制孔的機(jī)床。通常,刀具旋轉(zhuǎn)為主運(yùn)動(dòng),刀具或工件的移動(dòng)為進(jìn)給運(yùn)動(dòng)。它主要是用來加工高精度孔或一次定位完成多個(gè)孔的精加工,此外還可以從事與孔精加工有關(guān)的其他加工面的加工。