高考英語《Unit 4 Sharing》要點梳理+重點突破 新人教版選修7

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111 選修7　Unit 4　Sharing 要 點 梳 理 高效梳理·知識備考 ●重點單詞 1．fortnight n．兩星期 2．muddy adj.泥濘的；泥土般的→mud n．泥巴，泥土 3．concept n．觀念；概念 4．relevant adj.有關的；切題的 5．remote adj.遙遠的；偏僻的 6．a(chǎn)djust vi. & vt.調整；(使)適合 7．participate vi.參與；參加→participation n．參加，參與→participant n．參與者 8．otherwise conj.否則；不然 adv.用別的方法；其他方面 9．privilege n．特權；特別優(yōu)待 10．a(chǎn)stronaut n．宇航員；太空人 11．catalogue n．目錄 12．donate vt.捐贈→donation n．捐贈→donator n．捐贈者 13．voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的；無償?shù)摹鷙olunteer n. & vi.自愿者，志愿者，自愿做…… 14．purchase vt. & n．買；購買 15．a(chǎn)nniversary n．周年紀念(日) 16．click vi. & vt.(使)發(fā)出咔嗒聲 n．咔嗒聲 17．political adj.政治的；政黨的→politics n．政治 18．distribute vt.分配；分發(fā)→distribution n．分布狀態(tài)；分配，分布 19．security n．安全；保護；保障 20．operate vi.工作；運轉vt.操作→operation n．手術，運轉→operator n．操作人員 ●重點短語 1．hear from　　　　　接到……的信 2．(be) dying to... 極想；渴望 3．the other day 不久前的一天 4．be relevant to... 和……有關 5．participate in 參與……；參加…… 6．dry out (使浸水等之物)完全變干；干透 7．dry up (指河流、井等)干涸 8．in need 在困難中；在危急中 9．get through 完成，穿過 10．come across 偶然遇到或發(fā)現(xiàn)；碰見；被理解 11．stick out 伸出 12．share sth. with sb. 和某人共享某物 13．to be honest 說實在的 14．die down 熄滅，減弱 15．die out 絕種，消滅 ●重點句型 1．To be honest,_I doubt whether I’m making any difference to these boys’ lives at all.說實話，我真有點懷疑，我是否能對這些男孩的生活產(chǎn)生什么影響。 2．But last weekend another teacher, Jenny, and I did visit a village which is the home of one of the boys, Tombe. 但是上周末我和另一位老師珍妮確實拜訪了一個村莊，其中一位男孩湯貝的家就在那里。 3．There were no windows and the doorway was just big enough to get through.沒有窗戶，門口僅能勉強通過。 4．She was dying to see him again but what if he didn‘t want to see her? 她渴望再見到他，但如果他不想見她怎么辦？ ●高考范文 (2008·北京) 假設你是紅星中學高三一班的學生李華，為?？⒄Z園地寫一篇題為 Our Spring Outing的英文稿件。請根據(jù)以下四幅圖的先后順序，敘述上周你們班從準備春游到春游結束的完整過程。 注意：詞數(shù)不少于60。 提示詞：游樂園　amusement park　垃圾箱　bin ________________________________________________________________________ [范文] Our Spring Outing Last Thursday, we had a class meeting to discuss where to go for our spring outing. We came up with several choices such as going boating, climbing a mountain, and going to an amusement park. Finally, we decided to go mountain climbing. The next day, we set off early in the morning. While climbing the mountain, we enjoyed the warm sunshine and a beautiful view. However, when we reached the top, we were shocked to see litter here and there, such as bottles and banana peels. Then we started to pick up the litter. Afterwards, we put the rubbish into the nearby recycling bin and non－recycling bin respectively. We were tired but happy. 考 點 探 究 互動探究·能力備考 Ⅰ.詞匯短語過關 1．relevant adj. 有關的；切題的 relevance n. 關聯(lián)，貼切，中肯 irrelevant adj. 無關的；不切題的 be relevant to 與……有關 a relevant suggestion/question/point 相關的提議/問 題/觀點 [即學即練1](1)These theories ______ directly ____________ the practice. 這些理論與實踐是有直接關系的。 (2)Do you have the ______________ experience? 你有相關的經(jīng)驗嗎？ are relevant to　 relevant 2．a(chǎn)djust vt.調整；調節(jié) vi. 適應 adjustable adj. 可調節(jié)的 adjustment n. 調節(jié)；調整 adjust sth. 整理/整頓/安排某物/某事 adjust sth./oneself to sth. 使適應新環(huán)境等 [即學即練2](1)She ____________ the seat ______ the height of her child.她調節(jié)坐椅以適合她孩子的身高。 (2)It took several seconds for his eyes to ___________ the dark.幾秒鐘以后他的眼睛才適應了黑暗。 Adjusted to adjust to (3)You will quickly __________________ the student life.你很快就會適應學生生活的。 adjust yourself to 3．participate vi. 參與；參加 participation n. 參與 participant n. 參加者；參與者 participate in sth. 參與(某活動) participate in sth. with sb. 同某人參與某事 [即學即練3](1)She actively ___________________ politics. 她積極參與政治活動。 (2)All the _____________ in the debate will have an opportunity to speak.所有參加辯論的人都有機會發(fā)言。 (3)Union leaders called for the active __________________ of all members in the day of protest. 工會領袖們號召在抗議那天全體會員積極參加。 participated in participants participation 4．otherwise adv. 用別的方法；其他方面；否則，不然 conj.否則，不然 adj. 另外的，不那樣的 otherwise 做連詞，常放在祈使句后，相當于 or或 or else。 otherwise 可與虛擬語氣連用。 and otherwise 等等 or otherwise 或其他方面；或沒有；否則 [即學即練4](1)He is slow, but _______________ he is a good worker. 他雖慢，但在其他方面卻是個好工人。 (2)Listen to your parents; ___________________ you will regret. 聽你父母的話，要不然你會后悔的。 otherwise　 otherwise (3)You reminded me; otherwise I __________________. 你提醒了我，要不然我會忘記的。 (4)We insure against all damage, accidental ____________. 我們的保險包括一切意外或其他損失。 would have forgotten or otherwise 5．donate vt. 捐贈；贈送 donation n. 捐款，贈送，捐贈(物) donate sth. to sb./sth. 向……捐贈某物 donate sth. to do sth. 為了做某事而捐贈某物 make a donation to charity 向慈善事業(yè)捐贈 collect donations (for) (為……)募捐 receive a donation 收到捐贈 [即學即練5](1)He ___________ a large sum ___________ relief organizations.他向救濟組織捐了巨款。 (2)_____________________ is glorious. 獻血光榮。 (3)The work of the charity is funded by _________________________. 這家慈善機構工作所需要的資金是人們自愿捐贈的。 donated to Donating blood voluntary donations 6．distribute vt.分發(fā)，分配；散發(fā)，分布 distribution n．分發(fā)，分配，分布狀態(tài) distributive adj.分發(fā)的，分配的，分布的 distributor n．分發(fā)者 distribute sth. to/among sb.向某人分發(fā)某物 distribute sth. over...把……撒在(涂在)……上 [即學即練6](1)Please ____________ these pictures ______ the children.請把這些圖片分給孩子們。 (2)The head of the department ______________ the prizes ______________ the winners.系主任為優(yōu)勝者發(fā)了獎。 distribute to distributed among (3)The army _______________ itself ______ the whole area. 這支軍隊分布在全區(qū)。 distributed over 7．operate v. 手術；運轉；工作；操作，起作用 operation n. 手術；運轉；操作 operator n. 操作者；接線員 operate a machine 操作/操縱機器 operate a shop 開/經(jīng)營商店 operate on sb. 給某人動手術 come into operation 起作用；開始生效 put...into operation 實施 perform an operation on sb. 為某人實施手術 [即學即練7](1)This machine doesn‘t ________________. 這臺機器運轉得不好。 (2)He ____________________ the boy’s leg. 他給這個男孩的腿部做了手術。 (3)They planned to _________ a drinking club. 他們計劃經(jīng)營一個飲酒俱樂部。 operate smoothly operated on operate 8．be dying to do sth. 迫切想要；渴望 for sth. 渴望；迫切想要 be anxious to do sth./for sth. be eager to do sth./for sth. long to do sth./for sth. be thirsty for be keen to do sth.想要……，渴望…… [即學即練8](1)I‘m __________________ what happened.我很想知道發(fā)生了什么事。 (2)My daughter __________________ a piano. 我女兒渴望得到一架鋼琴。 dying to know is dying for 9．in need 在困難中；在危急中 according to the need 根據(jù)需要 at sb.’s need 在某人困難時 in need of 需要 the need for 對……的需要 satisfy one‘s needs 滿足某人的需求 There is no need to do sth. 沒有必要做某事 [即學即練9](1)A friend ____________ is a friend indeed.患難之交才是真朋友。 (2)Deeds are better than words when people are ____________ help. 當有人需要救助的時候，行動勝于言語。 in need in need of (3)The doctor told me I was __________________ a good rest.醫(yī)生對我說，我需要好好休息。 in need of Ⅱ.重點句型詳解 1．But last weekend another teacher, Jenny, and I did_visit a village which is the home of one of the boys, Tombe. 但是上個周末， 我和另一個老師，珍妮，確實拜訪了一個村莊，其中一個男孩湯貝的家就在那里。 “do/does/did＋動詞原形”可構成強調句。這種強調句只有一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時，且只對肯定的謂語動詞進行強調，沒有否定式和疑問式。do在句中要重讀。注意在祈使句中使用時，往往不表示命令，而表示強烈的請求，有時表達更加客氣的語氣。 ①He did come here yesterday.他昨天確實來這里了。 ②We do often go to school by bus. 我們確實經(jīng)常乘公交車去上學。 ③Kate does like this game.凱特確實喜歡這個游戲。 ④Do finish your homework on time. 一定要按時完成作業(yè)。 [即境活用1]　Cars moved very slowly in the 1930s, but they ______ faster than in the 1920s. A．were moving　　　　　　 B．did move C．had moved D．would move 答案：B 解析：did 強調動詞 move 表示“確實開得比那時快”。 2．She was dying to see him again but what_if he didn’t want to see her? 她渴望再見到他，但如果他不想見她怎么辦？ what if“如果……將會怎樣；即使……又有什么關系”，為省略結構，相當于What shall we/I do if...? what if 中 what可看做是 what should sb. do (某人該怎么辦)或 what does it matter (有什么要緊) 或 what would happen (將會如何)的省略。 ①What if he gets angry? 倘若他生氣該怎么辦？ ②What if they do not come? 即使他們不來又有什么關系呢？ 拓展：(1)What for? “為什么？”相當于 Why? —We‘ll hold a party this weekend. 我們要在這個周末開一個聚會。 —What for? 為什么呢？ (2)So what? 那有什么了不起/有什么關系？ —He says he doesn’t like you. 他說他不喜歡你。 —So what? 那有什么關系呢？ (3)what about...……怎么樣；……怎么辦 What about inviting him here? 邀請他來這兒怎么樣？ (4)guess what 告訴你一個消息/情況 Guess what! The boss is getting married. 告訴你個消息！老板要結婚了。 (5)What‘s up? 相當于 What’s the matter? What‘s up? She is weeping over there. 怎么了？她正在那邊兒哭呢。 (6)Now what？下一步會怎樣？下一步怎么辦？ [即境活用2]　______we moved the sofa over there? Would that look better? A．What about B．What if C．What for D．How come 答案：B 解析：句意為：“如果我們把沙發(fā)挪到那邊兒，你覺得怎么樣？”What if...？“如果……怎么樣？” 易 錯 點 撥 自我完善·誤區(qū)備考 1.participate/attend/join/join in/take part in (1)participate正式用詞，特指參加團體活動，暗示以一個積極的角色參加。 (2)attend參加會議或學術活動等，側重于到場，出席。 (3)join普通用詞，指加入黨派、團體或游戲、活動等，側重于“成為其中一員”。 (4)join in指參加比賽或活動等，并且指加入已在進行的動作。 (5)take part in側重參加某項群眾性、集體性的事業(yè)、工作或活動，突出參加者在其中發(fā)揮一定的作用。 [應用1]　(1)He ____________ the Party in 1980.他于1980年入黨。 (2)Would you like to ____________ our chess match? 你樂意加入我們的棋類比賽嗎？ (3)How many countries and regions _________________ the last Olympic Games? 有多少國家和地區(qū)參加了上屆奧運會？ joined　　 join in took part in (4)We want to encourage students to ____________________ fully _______ the running of the class.我們想鼓勵學生參與班級管理工作。 (5)He has an important meeting to ____________.他有個重要的會議要參加。 participate in attend 2. what if/what about/what’s like/so what/what‘s more [應用2]　(1)____________ some settings could endanger children？如果一些裝置可能對孩子們構成危險，那該怎么辦？ (2)I know Sally is your best friend. ____________？我知道薩莉是你最好的朋友。那又怎么樣？ What if　 So what　 (3)______________ the new captain ______？新來的船長是個怎樣的人？ (4)____________ going to Singapore for our holiday this year？今年我們去新加坡度假怎么樣？ (5)We invited a new speaker and, ____________， he is happy to come. 我們邀請了一位新的發(fā)言人，而且，他很樂意來。 What’s like What about what’s more 高 效 作 業(yè) 自我測評·技能備考 Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．His nationality is not r_________ to whether he is a lawyer. 2．Today is the couple's wedding a________________. 3．She s___________ out her foot and tripped him over. 4．The medicine began to o__________ at once. 5．Come at once, o___________ you'll be late. 6．The hut was dark inside, so it took time for our eyes to _____________(適應)． relevant　 anniversary stuck operate otherwise adjust 7．The girls complained that the ______________(分發(fā)) of prizes was unfair. 8．They ____________ (換得) life at the expense of honour. 9．She actively _____________ (參與) in local politics. 10．Last year he ____________ (捐贈)$1 000 to the cancer research. distribution　 purchased participates donated Ⅱ .單項選擇 1．China‘s economic development has made ______ rapid progress in the past 20 years and young people have made ______ great contribution to this progress. A．/; a　　　　　　　　 B．the; / C．a(chǎn); a D．/; / 答案：A 解析：本題主要考查兩個固定短語。make progress意為“進步”，中間不加任何冠詞；make a contribution to 意為“作出貢獻”，中間要加不定冠詞。 2．The bank has ______ some property on which to construct a new building. A．paid B．purchased C．invested D．a(chǎn)pproached 答案：B 解析：句意為“銀行已經(jīng)購下了一些地產(chǎn)，要在那兒建一座新樓”。pay money for sth. 付錢買某東西；invest 投資；approach 走近，靠近。 3．He soon______himself to the way of life and has lived happily ever since. A．a(chǎn)rranged B．a(chǎn)djusted C．a(chǎn)dmitted D．a(chǎn)voided 答案：B 解析：句意為“他很快適應了這種生活方式，自此以后快樂地生活”。arrange“安排”；admit“承認”；avoid“避免”，均不合題意。adjust有“適應”的意思。 4．An awful accident ______， however, occur the other day. A．does B．did C．has to D．had to 答案：B 解析：句意：然而那一天確實出了可怕的事故。此處用 “did＋動詞原形”表強調。 5．______to know the exam result, we all gathered at the door of the teachers’ office. A．Interested B．Curious C．Dying D．Attracted 答案：C 解析：be dying to do sth. “渴望做某事”，dying 在句中做狀語。curious 好奇的；interested 搭配in；attracted 搭配 by。 6．The professor reminded me of what I would ______have forgotten. A．therefore B．however C．otherwise D．whenever 答案：C 解析：therefore“因此”；however“然而”；otherwise“否則”；whenever“任何時候”。句意為：“教授提醒了我，否則我就忘了。” 7．(2010·黃岡中學)It ______ little whether the apologizer is wholly or only partly at fault; answering for one's actions encourages others to take their share of the blame. A．cares B．depends C．matters D．remains 答案：C 解析：考查動詞辨析。matter要緊，關系重大。語意：道歉者是負全部責任還是部分責任無關緊要……care小心，注意；depend依靠，依賴；remain保持。 8．We must save every drop of water in case the lake near the city ______. A．dried up B．dries up C．dries off D．dried off 答案：B 解析：in case“萬一，以防”，用來引導條件狀語從句，通常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來，故排除A、D兩項；dry off“弄干”；dry up“(河流、井等)干涸”，只有B項正確。 9．The secretary should have all the ______ documents ready before the meeting begins. A．concerning B．respecting C．relevant D．regarding 答案：C 解析：relevant為形容詞“重大的”，其他三個選項都是介詞，意思是“關于”。 10．Every four years, many athletes from different countries ______ the Olympic Games. A．take part in B．participate in C．join to D．both A and B 答案：D 解析：“參加、參與比賽(或活動)”可用 participate in, 亦可用 take part in。 11．The hospital ______ well, where many wounded ______ every day. A．is operated; operation B．operates; are operated on C．operates; are operated D．operates; operates on 答案：B 解析：第一空 operate 作“經(jīng)營、操作”講；第二空 be operated on 表示“做手術”。 12．(2010·福建六校三聯(lián))“You'll have to wait for two hours ______ is, about 11：30, ______ the medical report will come out，” the doctor said to me. A．that; when B．which; that C．that; before D．which; when 答案：A 解析：考查插入語和定語從句的用法。that is是插入語，意思是“也就是”；when引導的是定語從句，修飾前面的時間11：30。 13．They were making a plan to help those poor students ______， which attracted me. A．in brief B．in public C．in action D．in need 答案：D 解析：句意：他們正計劃幫助那些在困難中的貧困學生，這吸引了我。 14．Is this research center ______ you visited the modern equipment last year? A．where B．that C．the one that D．the one where 答案：D 解析：主句尚缺表語：Is this research center the one...→This research center is the one... 從句只缺狀語，主謂賓語結構完整，故C項不對。 15．—I'll take the driving test tomorrow! —______ you should fail? A．Why not B．How so C．What for D．What if 答案：D 解析：考查省略句的用法。why not為什么不呢；how so 怎么會這樣；what for 為什么目的；what if 如果……怎么辦呢。句意為：如果駕駛考試通不過怎么辦呢？由句意可知，D項是正確的。 Ⅲ .閱讀理解 A The natives of La Gomera can carry on long－distance conversations by whistling. For ordinary conversation they speak Spanish. But when they need to speak over a distance and ordinary speech is impossible, they use the silbo. This is the name of a whistled form of speech. La Gomera is a small island. It is very mountainous, for it was once a volcano. The island is almost circular in shape, with a high peak in the center. From this peak, deep, narrow gorges, separated by rocky ridges, run down to the coast like the spokes (輪輻) of a wheel. So in spite of the island's small size, walking from one place to another may be a slow and difficult job. That is why the silbo is so useful to the natives. A message can easily be whistled over a couple of miles, while to travel that same distance on foot might take an hour. A good whistler, or silbador, can be heard and understood five miles away. His whistling can be heard even farther away when conditions are favorable—when there is little or no wind. It was said that the record is about nine miles. Anyone who has heard a firstclass silbador will agree that this figure is quite possible. Not only does a whistle carry farther than a shout, but it is easier to understand. When a person shouts, he cannot pronounce his words well. But in whistling, this problem does not exist. If a whistle is heard at all, it will be heard clearly. The silbo can be used to say everything—anything that is speakable in Spanish is also “whistlable”. This is true partly because the Spanish language has such a simple sound system. The silbo would not work nearly so well with English. 1．The title that best expresses the idea of this passage is ______. A．The Whistle Language of La Gomera B．The Whistle Skill of the Natives of La Gomera C．The Relationship Between the Whistle Language and Spanish D．Messages Carried by Whistling 答案及解析： 1．A。主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內容可以歸納出本篇文章主要講述小島上的口哨語言。 2．What is the native language of La Gomera? A．Whistle. B．Spanish. C．Silbo. D．English. 答案及解析： 2．B。細節(jié)考查題。文章在第一段中提到For ordinary conversation they speak Spainish.從這句話中可以得出正確答案。 3．Why is the whistle language so useful to the natives? A．Because they have to talk in that language. B．Because their island used to be a volcano. C．Because close talk is an uneasy job on the island. D．Because the natives like to talk over a distance. 答案及解析： 3．C。推理判斷題。從第二段．..it was once a volcano...walking from one place to another may be a slow and difficult job.可以知道，口哨之所以有用是因為小島特殊的地形地貌使得近距離的談話很困難。 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．Only the natives understand the Silbo. B．The whistle language will replace Spanish. C．A first－class silbador can be heard nine miles away. D．It is certain that the people from other parts of the world will learn the whistle language. 答案及解析： 4．A。推理判斷題。C項是信息，不是推斷。B、D沒有依據(jù)。第五段中The silbo can be used to say everything—anything that is speakable in Spanish is also whistlable.可以判斷，只有島上的原著居民明白這種口哨語言。故選A。 B Besides entertainment and beautiful lanterns, another important part of the Lantern Festival, or Yuanxiao Festival is eating small dumpling balls made of glutinous rice flour. We call these balls Yuanxiao or Tangyuan. Obviously, they get the name from the festival itself. It is said that the custom of eating Yuanxiao originated during the Eastern Jin Dynasty in the fourth century, then became popular during the Tang and Song periods. The fillings inside the dumplings or Yuanxiao are either sweet or salty. Sweet fillings are made of sugar, walnuts, sesame(芝麻), osmanthus flowers(桂花), rose petals, sweetened tangerine(橘子)peel, bean paste, or jujube paste(棗子醬). A single ingredient or any combination can be used as the filling. The salty variety is filled with minced meat(肉末兒), vegetables or a mixture. The way to make Yuanxiao also varies between northern and southern China. The usual method followed in southern provinces is to shape the dough of rice flour into balls, make a hole, insert the filling, then close the hole and smooth out the dumpling by rolling it between your hands. In North C hina, sweet or nutmeat stuffing is the usual ingredient. The fillings are pressed into hardened cores, dipped lightly in water and rolled in a flat basket containing dry glutinous rice flour. A layer of the flour sticks to the filling, which is then again dipped in water and rolled a second time in the rice flour. And so it goes, like rolling a snowball, until the dumpling is the desired size. The custom of eating Yuanxiao dumplings remains. This tradition encourages both old and new stores to promote their Yuanxiao products. They all try their best to improve the taste and quality of the dumplings to attract more customers. 5．Which of the following is NOT true? A. The custom of eating Yuanxiao dates back to the fourth century. B. Sugar, rose petals and minced meat are all fillings of Yuanxiao. C. Sweet Yuanxiao are usually made in southern China. D. People in northern China usually make Yuanxiao by rolling like a snowball. 答案及解析： 5．C。綜合細節(jié)題。文中沒有提到只有南方人吃甜元宵。要特別注意題干中的NOT一詞。 6．Which country does the Lantern Festival come from? A. China. B. Korea. C. Jin Dynasty. D. Tang and Song periods. 答案及解析： 6．A。簡單推測題。第一段中說明它起源于東晉，盛行于唐宋，說明是中國的。 7．Choose the right order of making Tangyuan in southern provinces. ① make a hole and insert the filling ② roll the dough between your hands ③ shape the dough of rice flour into balls ④ close the hole ⑤ prepare some rice flour A. ⑤③②①④ B. ③⑤①②④ C. ③①④②⑤ D. ⑤③①④② 答案及解析： 7．D。細節(jié)順序題。prepare some rice flour文中未提，但應該在前。 8．What is the best title of this passage? A. The Lantern Festival B. The Ingredients of Yuanxiao C. The Difference Between Yuanxiao and Tangyuan. D. China's Traditional Food—Yuanxiao. 答案及解析： 8．D。主旨大意題。文中說了元宵的起源、制作材料和方法以及流行情況，只有D能概括全文。 9．Why do we eat Yuanxiao today? A. Because it's a tradition. B. Bec