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沈陽(yáng)化工大學(xué)科亞學(xué)院學(xué)士學(xué)位論文 致謝
摘要
注塑模具是用來(lái)生產(chǎn)塑膠制品的工具；也是賦予塑膠制品完整的結(jié)構(gòu)和精確尺寸的工具。
注塑模具依成型特性區(qū)可分為熱固性塑膠模具和熱塑性塑膠模具兩種；依成型工藝區(qū)可分為吹塑模、傳塑模、熱成型模、鑄塑模、注射模、熱壓模（壓塑模）等，其中熱壓模以溢料方式又可以分為溢式、半溢式、不溢式三種類(lèi)型，注射模以澆注系統(tǒng)又可以分為冷流道模和熱流道模兩種類(lèi)型；以裝卸方式可以分為移動(dòng)式和固定式兩種類(lèi)型。
注塑模具是由動(dòng)模和定模兩部分組成的，動(dòng)模安裝在注射機(jī)的移動(dòng)模板上，定模安裝在注射機(jī)的固定模板上。在注射成型的時(shí)候動(dòng)模與定模閉合構(gòu)成了澆注系統(tǒng)和型腔，開(kāi)模時(shí)動(dòng)模和定模分開(kāi)以便于取出塑料制品。
模具的結(jié)構(gòu)雖然由于塑料的品種和性能、塑料制品的形狀及結(jié)構(gòu)以及注射機(jī)的種類(lèi)等不同而可能有不同的變化，但是基本結(jié)構(gòu)還是一致的。模具主要由澆注系統(tǒng)、調(diào)溫系統(tǒng)、成型零件以及結(jié)構(gòu)零件構(gòu)成。其中澆注系統(tǒng)和成型零件是與塑料直接接觸的部分，并隨塑料和制品的變化而變化，是塑模中最復(fù)雜的，變化最大的，要求加工光潔度以及精度最高的部分。
澆注系統(tǒng)是指塑料從注射機(jī)的射嘴進(jìn)入型腔之前的流道部分，其中包括主流道、分流道、冷料穴和澆口等。成型零件是指組成制品形狀的各種零件，包括動(dòng)模、定模、型腔、型芯、成型桿和排氣口等。
本次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的課題為鉗柄注塑模具的設(shè)計(jì)，通過(guò)對(duì)于塑料制品圖的分析，了解塑件的幾何形狀、尺寸、公差和材料名稱、設(shè)計(jì)基準(zhǔn)、牌號(hào)、表面要求等技術(shù)要求。合理設(shè)計(jì)注塑模具的6大基礎(chǔ)部分：分型面的設(shè)計(jì)，澆注系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)，冷卻系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)，排氣系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)。正確制定注塑模具的加工工藝路線，合理的去選擇各個(gè)模板的加工工藝。最后對(duì)模具的結(jié)構(gòu)與注射成型機(jī)的匹配進(jìn)行校核。并且繪制了一套模具的裝配圖以及零件圖。
通過(guò)做模具設(shè)計(jì)以及加工的整個(gè)過(guò)程，我初步掌握了簡(jiǎn)單模具設(shè)計(jì)與制造的過(guò)程，為將來(lái)自己的發(fā)展打下良好基礎(chǔ)。
關(guān)鍵詞: 鉗柄注塑模具； 注射成型； 模具設(shè)計(jì)
Abstract
Noting the Su molding tool is the tool used to produce a plastic product;It is also the tool of structure and accurate size that gives a plastic product integrity.
Note Su molding tool can is divided into 2 kinds: plastic molding tool of plastic hot solid molding tool and hot Su according to modeling characteristic area;Depending on to model craft area can is divided into to blow a Su mold, spread a Su mold, hot model a mold, the mold of Zhu Su, inject a mold, hot press mold(press a Su mold) etc., among them hot press mold by overflowing to anticipate again can is divided into an overflow type, half overflow type, not the overflow type is 3, inject the mold note by sprinkling system and can is divided into cold flow a mold and heat to flow a mold 2;Can is divided into ambulation type and fixed type 2 by packing to unload.
Note Su molding tool from move a mold and settle a mold what two parts constitute, move the mold gearing is in injecting the ambulation template of machine, settling the mold gearing is in injecting the fixed template of machine.Move while injecting to model mold with settle a mold to shut to match constitute to sprinkle to note system and type chamber, open the time of mold move a mold and settle the mold separate in order to take out a plastics product.
The structure of the molding tool although because of shape and structure of the species and function, plastics product of plastics and inject the category of machine etc. different but may have different variety, the basic structure is still consistent.Molding tool mainly from sprinkle to note system, adjust system and model spare parts and structure spare parts to constitute.Sprinkle to note system and model spare parts among them is with plastics directly get in touch with of part, and is the most complicated in the Su mold with the variety but variety of the plastics and the product, change the biggest, request to process the part of clean degree and tallest accuracy.
Sprinkle to note system to mean plastics from injects shooting of machine got into chamber of mouth before of flow a part, include essential way, reposition of redundant personnel way and cold etc. for anticipating cave and sprinkling a people among them.Model spare parts to mean to constitute various spare parts of product shape, include to move a mold and settle a mold, type chamber, type Xin, model pole and exhaust etc..
The topic that this graduation designs notes the design of Su molding tool for pliers handle and passes the analysis to the plastics product diagram, several shapes, size, business trip and material name of understand Su piece, design basis, card and surface to request etc. the technique request.Is reasonable design to note the 6 greatest foundations of Su molding tool part:The design of cent type noodles sprinkles the design of noting the system, the design of cooling system, exhaust the design of system.The exactitude establishment notes the processing of Su molding tool craft route, reasonable of choose processing of each template craft.Finally to the structure of the molding tool with inject to model matching of machine to carry on pit in the school.And drew a set of assemble diagram of molding tool and spare parts diagram.
The whole process passed to do a molding tool design and processed, I first step controled simple molding tool design and the process of manufacturing, lay good foundation for own development in the future.
Keyword: The pliers handle notes a Su molding tool; Inject to model; The molding tool designs
目 錄
第一章緒論 1
第二章塑料材料分析 2
2.1 基本特性 2
2.2 主要用途 2
2.3 成型特性 2
第三章分析塑料制品的工藝性 4
3.1 塑料制品公差和表面質(zhì)量粗糙度 4
3.2 塑件結(jié)構(gòu)工藝性分析 4
3.2.1 塑件的幾何結(jié)構(gòu)主要包括 4
3.2.2 塑件在模具中成形結(jié)束時(shí)，可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)下列情況 4
3.2.3 脫模斜度 4
第四章注射機(jī)的選擇 5
4.1 塑料制品基本參數(shù)的計(jì)算及注射機(jī)選用 5
4.1.1 制品體積 5
4.1.2注射機(jī)選擇 5
4.2 澆口種類(lèi)選擇 6
4.2.1 澆口設(shè)計(jì) 6
4.2.2 澆口選擇 6
4.2.3 澆口套設(shè)計(jì) 7
第五章澆注系統(tǒng)的確定 9
5.1 分型面的設(shè)計(jì) 9
5.2 型腔的數(shù)目和布局 10
5.2.1 確定型腔數(shù)目： 10
5.2.2 型腔的布局： 10
5.3 澆注系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) 10
5.3.1 主流道的設(shè)計(jì) 11
5.3.2 分流道的設(shè)計(jì) 12
5.3.3 冷料穴的設(shè)計(jì) 12
第六章注射模具結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 14
6.1 型芯尺寸及結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 14
6.1.1 型芯徑向尺寸計(jì)算 15
6.2 型腔尺寸及結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 17
6.3 模具結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 21
6.3.1 型腔的設(shè)計(jì) 22
6.4 模套的設(shè)計(jì) 23
6.5 模具結(jié)構(gòu)圖 24
6.6 模具與成型機(jī)械關(guān)系的校核 25
6.6.1 制品體積 25
6.6.2 流道體積 25
6.7 注射機(jī)的校核 27
6.7.1 最大注射量的校核 27
6.7.2 注射壓力的校核 27
6.7.3 鎖模力校核 27
6.7.4 拉桿間距的校核 27
6.7.5 開(kāi)模行程的校核 27
6.7.6 模具厚度的校核 28
6.8 推出機(jī)構(gòu) 28
6.9 導(dǎo)向支承緊固復(fù)位機(jī)構(gòu) 28
6.10 冷卻系統(tǒng) 29
參考文獻(xiàn) 30
致謝 31
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